RFID beam forming system
First Claim
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1. A method for deriving information from an RFID tag, comprising:
- transmitting RFID tag interrogation signals from an array of antenna elements to an RFID tag;
processing signals received by each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements from the RFID tag to alter relative phase between them, where processing received signals comprises;
selecting received signals from one of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements as a reference signal;
adjusting the relative phase of the received signals from each of the other antenna elements in the array of antenna elements relative to the reference signal; and
combining the adjusted relative phase received signals with the reference signal to form an amplitude weighted combination of phase aligned signals having a higher gain than the signals received from the RFID tag from any one of the antenna elements, where combining the adjusted relative phase received signals with the reference signal comprises;
autocorrelating the reference signal;
correlating each of the received signals from the other antenna elements in the array of antenna elements with the reference signal;
separately accumulating the correlation results;
delaying the signals received from each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements to compensate for accumulation delay; and
applying the accumulated correlations from each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements as a beam forming coefficient to the delayed signals received by that antenna element to produce beam steered signals from each of the said antenna elements; and
deriving information from the RFID tag from a combination of the processed received signals.
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Abstract
A multi-protocol, multi-band array antenna system may be used in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system reader and sensory networks. The antenna array may include array elements with an integrated low noise amplifier. The system may employ digital beam forming techniques for transmission and steering of a beam to a specific sensor tag or group of tags in a cell. The receive beam forming network is optimized for detecting signals from each sensor tag. Narrow and wideband interferences may be excised by an interference nulling algorithm. Space division multiplexing may be used by the antenna system to enhance system processing capacity.
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Citations
52 Claims
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1. A method for deriving information from an RFID tag, comprising:
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transmitting RFID tag interrogation signals from an array of antenna elements to an RFID tag; processing signals received by each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements from the RFID tag to alter relative phase between them, where processing received signals comprises; selecting received signals from one of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements as a reference signal; adjusting the relative phase of the received signals from each of the other antenna elements in the array of antenna elements relative to the reference signal; and combining the adjusted relative phase received signals with the reference signal to form an amplitude weighted combination of phase aligned signals having a higher gain than the signals received from the RFID tag from any one of the antenna elements, where combining the adjusted relative phase received signals with the reference signal comprises; autocorrelating the reference signal; correlating each of the received signals from the other antenna elements in the array of antenna elements with the reference signal; separately accumulating the correlation results; delaying the signals received from each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements to compensate for accumulation delay; and applying the accumulated correlations from each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements as a beam forming coefficient to the delayed signals received by that antenna element to produce beam steered signals from each of the said antenna elements; and deriving information from the RFID tag from a combination of the processed received signals. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45)
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9. A method for deriving information from an RFID tag, comprising:
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transmitting RFID tag interrogation signals from an array of antenna elements to an RFID tag; processing signals received by each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements from the RFID tag to alter relative phase between them, where processing received signals comprises; estimating a relative phase difference between the signals from the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements and a reference signal; and deriving a relative range from the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements to the RFID tag in accordance with the relative phase difference between the signals from the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements and the reference signal; and deriving information from the RFID tag from a combination of the processed received signals. - View Dependent Claims (10, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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11. A method for deriving information from an RFID tag, comprising:
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transmitting RFID tag interrogation signals from an array of antenna elements to an RFID tag; processing signals received by each of the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements from the RFID tag to alter relative phase between them, where processing received signals comprises; deriving a relative phase difference between the signals from the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements and a reference signal; and deriving a relative direction of arrival of the received signals from the RFID tag in accordance with the relative phase difference between the signals from the antenna elements in the array of antenna elements and the reference signal; and deriving information from the RFID tag from a combination of the processed received signals. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 50, 51, 52)
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Specification