MRT interference field detection medical implant with prone posture position sensor

• US 8,768,430 B2
• Filed: 12/18/2010
• Issued: 07/01/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Biotronik SE & Company KG
• Original Assignee: Biotronik VI Patent AG (Biotronik SE & Company KG)
• Inventors: Doerr, Thomas, Weiss, Ingo
• Primary Examiner(s): Koval, Melissa
• Assistant Examiner(s): FETZNER, TIFFANY A
• Application Number:
  US12/972,466
• Publication Number:
  US 20110148400A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,291 Days
• Field of Search: 324300-322, 324/207.11, 324/244, 324/251, 600407-435, 600/436, 600/508, 600/529, 600/544, 382128-133, 606/159, 378/205, 378/208, 560/0, 700/90
• US Class Current: 600/410
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/029 adapted for auto-initiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/065 Determining position of the probe employing exclusively positioning means located on or in the probe, e.g. using position sensors arranged on the probe
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1116 Determining posture transitions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6869 Heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37 Monitoring; Protecting
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3718 Monitoring of or protection against external electromagnetic fields or currents
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/285 Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR

Abstract

Allows the specificity of an automatic MRT detection to be increased in a simple manner. This is achieved using an automatically calibrating position sensor, so that the user does not have to perform additional calibration of this sensor. Incorrect sensor calibrations are thus eliminated as well.

Claims

1. An implantable medical device comprising a cardiac pacemaker that also comprises:

a magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit, comprising

at least one sensor, or at least one indicator, or both configured to detect electromagnetic interference fields typcial of magnetic resonance imaging or magnetic fields typical of magnetic resonance imaging;

at least one control unit coupled to the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit comprising

at least one diagnostic unit or

at least one treatment unit,

or both said at least one diagnostic unit and said at least one treatment unit;

a position sensor coupled to the at least one control unit;

wherein the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit is configured to detect interference from magnetic resonance imaging interference fields only when, in addition to the at least one sensor, or the at least one indicator, or both the at least one sensor and the at least one indicator that are configured to detect electromagnetic interference fields typcial of magnetic resonance imaging, the position sensor indicates a prone posture of a patient associated with said implantable medical device;

a calibration unit coupled to said position sensor and configured to automatically detect the prone posture from said position sensor;

wherein the calibration unit is connected to said position sensor and to one or more of

a heart analysis detection unit,

a respiratory rate detection unit, and

an implant clock;

wherein the calibration unit is further configured to

detect one or more parameter values from one or more of said heart analysis detection unit, said respiratory rate detection unit and said implant clock; and

,

wherein the calibration unit is further configured to store and update data from said position sensor when said one or more detected parameter values suggest night sleep.

2. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is self-calibrating.

3. The implantable medical device according to claim 2, wherein the calibration of the position sensor is carried out after evaluation of a time of day from said implant clock.

4. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the identification of the prone posture include evaluation of diurnal phases with minimum heart rate that are evaluated from said heart analysis detection unit.

5. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control unit is configured to identify night sleep by an evaluation of a heart rate variability and a circadian rhythm thereof from said heart analysis detection unit.

6. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control unit is configured to identify night sleep by an evaluation of a respiratory rate from said respiratory rate detection unit.

7. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control unit is configured to identify night sleep by an evaluation of patient activity.

8. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control unit is configured to identify night sleep by an evaluation at least one EEG parameter.

9. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein detection of magnetic resonance imaging interference fields initiates a predeterminable reaction of the implantable medical device only within a predeterminable time window.

10. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the unit configured to detect magnetic resonance imaging interference fields includes at least one of the following sensors and/or indicators:

a GMR sensor,

a MagFET sensor,

a Hall sensor,

an electro-optical converter,

a battery voltage sensor configured to monitor voltage during capacitor charging,

an RF field detector,

a magnetic gradient field detector,

a current detector configured to detect currents induced by electromagnetic fields.

11. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein upon identification of electromagnetic interference fields by the unit configured to detect magnetic resonance imaging interference fields, the at least one control unit is configured to:

change to magnetic resonance imaging-safe state,

remain for a prolonged period of time in the magnetic resonance imaging-safe state or a state that is insensitive to electromagnetic interference fields,

emit electromagnetic pulses in order to signal that the implantable medical device is present in an electromagnetic field,

transmit information including an interference,

display said interference on a screen of a magnetic resonance imaging device, and

allow administration of treatment and/or detection of electrical states of tissue only in time windows in which no electromagnetic interference fields are detected and/or carry out a reconstruction of a measurement in regions in which the detection is not allowed on account of detected electromagnetic interference fields.

12. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein said calibration unit is further configured to continuously compare said one or more detected parameter values to said detected prone posture.

13. The implantable medical device according to claim 12, wherein said calibration unit is further configured to send a prone position signal to said at least one control unit when said one or more detected parameter values match said detected prone posture.

14. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, further comprising a timer unit, wherein when said magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit detects interference from magnetic resonance imaging interference fields and when said position sensor indicates a prone posture, said at least one control unit is further configured to switch said timer unit to a preprogrammed MRT-safe operating mode.

15. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit is located within said implantable medical device.

16. The implantable medical device according to claim 1, wherein the position sensor is located within said implantable medical device.

17. A method comprising:

increasing the specificity in the detection of magnetic resonance imaging interference fields using an implantable medical device comprising;

a magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit, comprising

at least one sensor, or at least one indicator, or both configured to detect electromagnetic interference fields typcial of magnetic resonance imaging or magnetic fields typcial of magnetic resonance imaging;

at least one control unit coupled to the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit, comprising

at least one diagnostic unit or

at least one treatment unit,

or both said at least one diagnostic unit and said at least one treatment unit;

a position sensor coupled to the at least one control unit;

wherein the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit is configured to detect magnetic resonance imaging interference fields only when, in addition to the at least one sensor or the at least one indicator or both the at least one sensor and the at least one indicator that are configured to detect electromagnetic interference fields typcial of magnetic resonance imaging, the position sensor indicates a prone posture of a patient associated with said implantable medical device;

a calibration unit coupled to said position sensor and configured to automatically detect the prone posture from said position sensor;

wherein the calibration unit is connected to said position sensor and to one or more of

a heart analysis detection unit,

a respiratory rate detection unit, and

an implant clock;

wherein the calibration unit is further configured to

detect one or more parameter values from one or more of said heart analysis detection unit, said respiratory rate detection unit and said implant clock;

wherein the calibration unit is further configured to store and update data from said position sensor when said one or more detected parameter values suggest night sleep.

18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising placing the magnetic resonance imaging interference fields detection unit within said implantable medical device.

19. The method according to claim 17, further comprising placing the position sensor within said implantable medical device.