Acoustic based cough detection

• US 8,777,874 B2
• Filed: 05/24/2011
• Issued: 07/15/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/24/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Zhang, Xusheng, Sharma, Vinod, Warman, Eduardo N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Assistant Examiner(s): BERHANU, ETSUB D
• Application Number:
  US13/114,838
• Publication Number:
  US 20120302898A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,148 Days
• Field of Search: 600/484, 600/586
• US Class Current: 600/586
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0204 Acoustic sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0823 Detecting or evaluating cough events
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/11 Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb for measuring pulse A61B5/02 ;A61B5/1038 takes precedence; motion detection to correct for motion artifacts in physiological signals A61B5/721
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3621 for treating or preventing abnormally high heart rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3627 for treating a mechanical deficiency of the heart, e.g. congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to the detection of coughs and coughing episodes using acoustic signals. In various examples, an implantable medical device processes an acoustic signal obtained from an acoustic sensor to determine whether a patient has coughed. In some examples, the implantable medical device also performs a cough severity assessment. In some examples, the cough severity assessment may include a determination of the depth of the cough, the duration of the coughing episode, or whether the cough was wet or dry.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving an acoustic signal from an acoustic sensor implanted in a patient;

receiving a patient activity signal from an activity sensor implanted in the patient;

analyzing the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal;

determining whether a cough has occurred based on the analysis of the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal;

determining a severity of the cough based on the analysis of the acoustic signal and the patient activity signal; and

incrementing a cough index by an amount that is determined based on the severity of the cough.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a severity of the cough comprises determining a duration and frequency of a cough episode.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a severity of the cough comprises determining an amplitude of the cough.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining a depth of the cough based on one or more of the acoustic signal and the patient activity signal.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining if the cough is a wet cough based on the acoustic signal.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising sending a notification when the cough index passes a predetermined threshold.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing therapy in response to the cough index passing a predetermined threshold.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the acoustic signal is detected using a first accelerometer and the patient activity signal is detected using a second accelerometer.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, based on the incremented cough index, whether heart failure has worsened in the patient.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, based on the incremented cough index, a ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation risk.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the acoustic signal is detected using a piezoelectric sensor.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the determination of whether a cough has occurred comprises filtering the acoustic signal and determining a patient activity level based on the patient activity signal.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the acoustic signal includes one or more heart sounds.

14. A system comprising:

a cough analyzer configured to;

receive an acoustic signal from an acoustic sensor,

receive a patient activity signal from an activity sensor, and

analyze the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal; and

a processor configured to;

determine whether a cough has occurred based on the analysis of the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal;

provide a cough severity assessment based on the analysis of the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal; and

increment a cough index by an amount that is determined based on the severity of the cough.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the cough analyzer is further configured to determine a duration and frequency of cough sound episodes based on the acoustic signal.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the cough analyzer is further configured to determine an amplitude of a cough based on the acoustic signal.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the cough analyzer is further configured to determine a depth of the cough based on one or more of the acoustic signal and the patient activity signal.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein the cough analyzer is further configured to determine if the cough is a wet cough or a dry cough based on the acoustic signal.

19. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to send a notification when the cough index passes a predetermined threshold.

20. The system of claim 19, further including a telemetry module configured to send the notification to a remote device.

21. The system of claim 19, further including a signal generator configured to provide therapy in response to the cough index passing a predetermined threshold.

22. The system of claim 14, wherein the acoustic sensor is a first accelerometer and the activity sensor is a second accelerometer.

23. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to determine, based on the incremented cough index, whether heart failure has worsened in a patient.

24. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to determine, based on the incremented cough index, a ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation risk.

25. The system of claim 14, further comprising an implantable medical device comprising a housing that houses the acoustic sensor, the activity sensor and the processor.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein the implantable medical device is configured to perform at least one of

monitoring a cardiac electrical signal;

and

delivering therapeutic electrical signals to a heart.

27. The system of claim 14, wherein the acoustic sensor comprises a piezoelectric sensor.

28. The system of claim 14, wherein the acoustic sensor is a heart sounds sensor.

29. A system comprising:

means for receiving an acoustic signal from an acoustic sensor;

means for receiving a patient activity signal from an activity sensor;

means for analyzing the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal;

means for determining whether a cough has occurred based on the analysis of the acoustic signal in combination with the patient activity signal;

means for analyzing the acoustic signal and the patient activity signal to provide a cough severity assessment; and

means for incrementing a cough index by an amount that is determined based on the severity of the cough.