Power generation

• US 8,785,059 B2
• Filed: 09/14/2009
• Issued: 07/22/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Smith & Nephew PLC
• Original Assignee: Smith & Nephew PLC
• Inventors: Hartwell, Edward Yerbury
• Primary Examiner(s): Ruddock, Ula C
• Assistant Examiner(s): MARKS, JACOB B
• Application Number:
  US13/119,164
• Publication Number:
  US 20110171543A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,772 Days
• Field of Search: 429/401
• US Class Current: 429/401
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/984 portable on the body
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/16 Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A method and apparatus are disclosed for generating electrical power during negative pressure therapy. The apparatus includes a fuel cell, comprising an anode element and a cathode element, arranged to collect biological fluid from a wound site to which a negative pressure is applied and electro-oxidize a component of the biological fluid at the anode element and/or electro-reduce a component of the biological fluid at the cathode element.

Claims

1. Apparatus for generating electrical power during negative pressure therapy, comprising:

a dressing configured to seal a wound site;

a fuel cell, comprising;

an anode element and a cathode element, arranged to collect biological fluid from the wound site to which a negative pressure is applied and electro-oxidize a component of the biological fluid at the anode element and/or electro-reduce a component of the biological fluid at the cathode element;

at least one conduit configured to connect the wound site to a flow entry orifice of the fuel cell;

a negative pressure source configured to be connected to the fuel cell and configured to generate negative pressure at the wound site; and

a waste canister, wherein the waste canister comprises the fuel cell.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological fluid comprises wound exudate and/or oxygen.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a plurality of baffle plates each comprising a respective portion of the anode element and/or cathode element.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, further comprising at least one through passageway provided in each baffle plate.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a pathogen filter at a flow exit orifice of the fuel cell.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a filter at a flow entry orifice of the fuel cell.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises first and second electrical connectors, each connected to at least a respective one of the anode element or cathode element.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a fluid inlet orifice for receiving a glucose solution prior to application of a negative pressure at the wound site.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell further comprises a fluid outlet valve for emptying the fuel cell subsequent to a concentration of said components in the biological fluid dropping below a predetermined level.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is battery-less.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus is portable.

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is disposable.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an anode enzyme and/or an anode redox polymer disposed on the anode and/or a cathode enzyme and/or a cathode redox polymer disposed on the cathode.

14. A method of generating electrical power during negative pressure therapy, comprising:

applying a negative pressure from a negative pressure source to a dressing sealing a wound site;

collecting biological fluid from the wound site in a waste canister, the waste canister comprising a fuel cell comprising an anode element and a cathode element; and

electro-oxidizing a component of the biological fluid at the anode element and/or electro-reducing a component of the biological fluid at the cathode element,

wherein the negative pressure source is connected to the fuel cell, and

wherein the wound site is connected via at least one conduit to a flow entry orifice of the fuel cell.

15. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising:

electro-oxidizing an anode reductant component of the biological fluid on the anode element in the presence of an anode enzyme and/or electro-reducing a cathode oxidant component of the biological fluid on the cathode in the presence of a cathode enzyme.

16. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising:

collecting the biological fluid comprising wound exudate in the waste canister.

17. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising:

preventing undesired flow of fluid collected in the fuel cell via a plurality of baffle plates each comprising respective portions of the anode element and/or cathode element, located within a chamber region of the fuel cell.

18. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising:

replenishing biological fluid in the fuel cell by pumping wound exudate from the wound site to the fuel cell via a pump powered by electrical power generated by the fuel cell.

19. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising:

prior to collecting biological fluid from the wound site, providing a quantity of glucose solution to the fuel cell; and

generating electrical power by electro-oxidizing and/or electro-reducing a component of the glucose solution.

20. The method as claimed in claim 14, further comprising powering at least one electrical device.

21. A method for providing negative pressure at a wound site, comprising:

pumping fluid from the cavity a wound site sealed by a dressing via a pump member in fluid communication with the dressing;

collecting biological fluid pumped from the wound site in a waste canister, the waste canister comprising a fuel cell comprising an anode element and a cathode element; and

generating electrical power for the pump member by electro-oxidizing a component of the biological fluid at the anode element and/or electro-reducing a component of the biological fluid at the cathode element,

wherein the pump member is connected to the fuel cell, and

wherein the wound site is connected via at least one conduit to a flow entry orifice of the fuel cell.

22. The method as claimed in claim 21, further comprising:

electro-oxidizing an anode reductant component of the biological fluid on the anode element in the presence of an anode enzyme and/or electro-reducing a cathode oxidant component of the biological fluid on the cathode in the presence of a cathode enzyme.

23. The method as claimed in claim 21, further comprising:

collecting the biological fluid comprising wound exudate in the waste canister.

24. The method as claimed in claim 21, further comprising:

preventing undesired flow of fluid collected in the fuel cell via a plurality of baffle plates each comprising respective portions of the anode element and/or cathode element, located within a chamber region of the fuel cell.

25. The method as claimed in claim 21, further comprising:

prior to collecting biological fluid from the wound site, providing a quantity of glucose solution to the fuel cell and generating electrical power by electro-oxidizing and/or electro-reducing a component of the glucose solution.