Charging circuit

• US 8,786,247 B2
• Filed: 09/14/2011
• Issued: 07/22/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ROHM Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: ROHM Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Ishino, Tsutomu, Sakamoto, Tadayuki
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US13/232,159
• Publication Number:
  US 20120235623A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,042 Days
• Field of Search: 320/101, 307/82, 307/66, 307/125, 307/151, 323/282, 323/284, 323/901
• US Class Current: 320/101
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/465 with solar battery as charging system
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 Regulation of charging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/35 with light sensitive cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A charging circuit receives electric power from a solar battery, and charges a secondary battery. A charging current detection unit generates a detection signal that corresponds to a charging current supplied from a DC/DC converter to the secondary battery. A control circuit generates a reference voltage that corresponds to the detection signal. A driving unit generates a pulse signal having a duty ratio that is adjusted such that the voltage output from the solar battery matches the reference voltage, and performs switching of a switching transistor according to the pulse signal. A control circuit adjusts the reference voltage such that the reference voltage becomes greater.

Claims

1. A charging circuit configured to receive electric power from a solar battery, and to charge a secondary battery, the charging circuit comprising:

a DC/DC converter comprising a switching transistor, an inductor element, a rectifier element, and an output capacitor;

a charging current detection unit configured to generate a detection signal that corresponds to a charging current supplied from the DC/DC converter to the secondary battery;

a control circuit configured to generate a reference voltage that corresponds to the detection signal; and

a driving unit configured to generate a pulse signal having a duty ratio that is adjusted such that the voltage output from the solar battery matches the reference voltage, and to perform switching of the switching transistor according to the pulse signal,

wherein the control circuit is configured to alternately repeat a search period in which the reference voltage is swept, and a fixed period in which the reference voltage that was detected in the search period as the voltage at which the charging current reaches its maximum value is fixedly output.

2. A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to adjust the reference voltage such that the charging current becomes greater.

3. A charging circuit according to claim 2, wherein the charging circuit is configured to sweep the reference voltage, and to detect the reference voltage at which the charging current reaches its maximum value.

4. A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the charging current detection unit comprises a detection resistor arranged between the output capacitor and the secondary battery, and is configured to output, as the detection signal, a voltage drop that occurs across the detection resistor.

5. A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit is configured to adjust the reference voltage and the frequency of the pulse signal such that the charging current becomes greater.

6. A charging circuit according to claim 5, wherein the control circuit is configured to sweep the reference voltage and the frequency of the pulse signal, and to detect the reference voltage and the frequency of the pulse signal at which the charging current reaches its maximum value.

7. A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switching transistor is configured to have a variable size,

and wherein the control circuit is configured to adjust at least the reference voltage and the size of the switching transistor such that the charging current becomes greater.

8. A charging circuit according to claim 7, wherein the control circuit is configured to sweep at least the reference voltage and the size of the switching transistor, and to detect the reference voltage and the size of the switching transistor at which the charging current reaches its maximum value.

9. A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the inductor element is configured to have a variable inductance value,

and wherein the control circuit is configured to adjust at least the reference voltage and the inductance value such that the charging current becomes greater.

10. A charging circuit configured to receive electric power from a solar battery, and to charge a secondary battery, the charging circuit comprising:

a DC/DC converter comprising a switching transistor, an inductor element, a rectifier element, and an output capacitor;

a charging current detection unit configured to generate a detection signal that corresponds to a charging current supplied from the DC/DC converter to the secondary battery;

a control circuit configured to generate a reference voltage that corresponds to the detection signal; and

a driving unit configured to generate a pulse signal having a duty ratio that is adjusted such that the voltage output from the solar battery matches the reference voltage, and to perform switching of the switching transistor according to the pulse signal

A charging circuit according to claim 1, wherein the control circuit comprises;

an A/D converter configured to perform analog/digital conversion of the detection signal;

a logic unit configured to generate a digital instruction value that corresponds to an output value of the A/D converter; and

a D/A converter configured to perform digital/analog conversion of the instruction value so as to generate the reference voltage, wherein the control circuit is configured to alternately repeat a search period in which the reference voltage is swept, and a fixed period in which the reference voltage that was detected in the search period as a voltage at which the charging current reaches its maximum value is fixedly output,

and wherein, in the fixed period, the control circuit stops the operations of the logic unit and the A/D converter.

11. A charging circuit configured to receive electric power from a solar battery, and to charge a secondary battery, the charging circuit comprising:

a DC/DC converter comprising a switching transistor, an inductor element, a rectifier element, and an output capacitor;

a charging current detection unit configured to generate a detection signal that corresponds to a charging current supplied from the DC/DC converter to the secondary battery;

a control circuit configured to generate a reference voltage that corresponds to the detection signal;

a driving unit configured to generate a pulse signal having a duty ratio that is adjusted such that the voltage output from the solar battery matches the reference voltage, and to perform switching of the switching transistor according to the pulse signal;

a first transistor arranged in parallel with the switching transistor;

an oscillator configured to output a clock signal having a predetermined frequency;

a driver configured to drive the first transistor according to the clock signal;

a diode arranged such that its anode is connected to the first transistor; and

a second output capacitor connected to a cathode of the diode,

wherein a voltage that develops at the second output capacitor is used as a power supply voltage of the charging circuit.

12. A charging circuit according to claim 11, wherein the driver comprises:

a P-channel second transistor, a P-channel third transistor arranged such that the clock signal is input to its gate, and an N-channel fourth transistor arranged such that the clock signal is input to its gate, which are sequentially arranged in series between a voltage terminal of the solar battery and a ground voltage terminal;

a first inverter configured to invert the clock signal, and to output the inverted clock signal to a gate of the second transistor;

a first capacitor arranged such that its first terminal is connected to a connection node that connects the second transistor and the third transistor; and

a second inverter configured to invert the clock signal, and to output the inverted clock signal to a second terminal of the first capacitor.

13. A charging circuit according to claim 11, further comprising:

a fifth transistor arranged in parallel with the first transistor; and

a third inverter configured to receive, via its power supply terminal as an input voltage, a voltage that develops at the second output capacitor, and to perform switching of the fifth transistor according to the clock signal.

14. A charging circuit according to claim 11, further comprising a voltage detection unit configured to compare the voltage output from the solar battery with a predetermined threshold voltage,

wherein, when the voltage output from the solar battery is higher than the threshold voltage, the oscillator is operated, and when the voltage output from the solar battery is lower than the threshold voltage, the operation of the oscillator is stopped.

15. A charging circuit according to claim 14, wherein the voltage detection unit comprises:

a soft enhancement mode P-channel sixth transistor arranged such that its gate is grounded, and a depletion mode P-channel seventh transistor arranged such that its gate is connected to its source, which are sequentially arranged in series between an output voltage terminal of the solar battery and a ground terminal;

a depletion mode P-channel eighth transistor arranged such that its gate is connected to its source, and a soft enhancement mode ninth transistor arranged such that its gate is grounded, which are sequentially arranged in series between the output voltage terminal of the solar battery and the ground terminal; and

a comparator configured to compare a voltage that develops at a connection node that connects the sixth transistor and the seventh transistor with a voltage that develops at a connection node that connects the eighth transistor and the ninth transistor.

16. A charging circuit according to claim 11, further comprising:

a first voltage detection unit configured to compare the voltage output from the solar battery with a predetermined first threshold voltage, and to output a set signal that is asserted when the voltage output from the solar battery is higher than the predetermined first threshold voltage;

a second voltage detection unit configured to compare the voltage output from the solar battery with a second threshold voltage, and to output a reset signal that is asserted when the voltage output from the solar battery is lower than the second threshold voltage; and

an SR latch configured to output an output signal that is changed according to the set signal and the reset signal,

wherein the oscillator is switched between an operating state and a non-operating state according to the output signal of the SR latch.

17. A charging circuit according to claim 11, wherein the oscillator comprises:

a resistor and a tenth transistor sequentially arranged in series between an output voltage terminal of the solar battery and a ground terminal;

a second capacitor arranged in parallel with the tenth transistor; and

multiple inverters arranged in series between a connection node that connects the resistor and the second capacitor and a control terminal of the tenth transistor.

18. An electronic device comprising:

a solar battery;

a secondary battery; and

a charging circuit configured to receive a voltage output from the solar battery, and to charge the secondary battery,

wherein the charging circuit comprises;

a DC/DC converter comprising a switching transistor, an inductor element, a rectifier element, and an output capacitor;

a charging current detection unit configured to generate a detection signal that corresponds to a charging current supplied from the DC/DC converter to the secondary battery;

a control circuit configured to generate a reference voltage that corresponds to the detection signal; and

a driving unit configured to generate a pulse signal having a duty ratio that is adjusted such that the voltage output from the solar battery matches the reference voltage, and to perform switching of the switching transistor according to the pulse signal, wherein the control circuit is configured to alternately repeat a search period in which the reference voltage is swept, and a fixed period in which the reference voltage that was detected in the search period as the voltage at which the

charging current reaches its maximum value is fixedly output.