Frequency based electric vehicle charge controller system and method for implementing demand response and regulation services to power grid using frequency detection

• US 8,786,249 B2
• Filed: 08/05/2011
• Issued: 07/22/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 08/05/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: UChicago Argonne LLC (University of Chicago)
• Original Assignee: UChicago Argonne LLC (University of Chicago)
• Inventors: Koritarov, Vladimir
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOATENG, ALEXIS ASIEDUA
• Application Number:
  US13/204,092
• Publication Number:
  US 20130033234A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,082 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104, 320/109, 320/107, 320/160, 320/128, 320/136, 700/291, 700/296, 700/36, 903/907, 307/102, 307/64, 307/44, 307/45, 307/46, 307/47, 307/48, 307/65, 307/68, 307/87, 307/84, 307/85, 307/75, 307/72, 307/10.1, 180/65.1, 180/65.21, 180/65.29, 701/22, 702/63
• US Class Current: 320/104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/62 in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/241 The oscillation concerning frequency
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007 Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 Regulation of charging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/34 Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering H02J7/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Frequency responsive charging for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV), a frequency sensing charging system and a method are provided for implementing demand response and regulation services to power grid using frequency detection for a frequency-based charge controller for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV). A frequency of the power grid is continuously monitored and compared to a predefined tolerance band by a frequency sensor. Responsive to the frequency being outside the predefined tolerance band, the frequency is applied to a programmable logic controller. The programmable logic controller uses the applied frequency to identify a control action. A charge controller and a switch coupled to a battery charger receive respective identified control actions for controlling the battery charger.

Claims

1. A method for implementing demand response and regulation services to an associated power grid used with a battery charger for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV) comprising:

providing a frequency sensor for continuously monitoring frequency of the power grid and comparing the monitored frequency to a predefined tolerance band;

providing a programmable logic controller coupled to said frequency sensor;

providing a charge controller and a switch coupled to said programmable logic controller and the battery charger;

said frequency sensor, responsive to the frequency being outside the predefined tolerance band, applying the frequency to said programmable logic controller;

said programmable logic controller using the applied frequency and identifying a control action; and

said charge controller and switch receiving respective identified control actions from said programmable logic controller for controlling the battery charger.

2. The method as recited in claim 1 includes said programmable logic controller using the applied frequency and setting an action flag;

said action flag being used together with the applied frequency to identify a change in the control action.

3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a first frequency range, provides normal operation of the battery charger.

4. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a second frequency range, reduces a level of charge current, and sets an action flag to one.

5. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being less than a first set threshold value, opens said switch and sets an action flag to two, stopping operation of the battery charger.

6. The method as recited in claim 5 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being less than a second set threshold value and an action flag is two, the switch remains opened, with operation of the battery charger stopped.

7. The method as recited in claim 5 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a third frequency range, resumes reduced level of charge current of the battery charger and set an action flag to one.

8. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a fourth frequency range and the action flag is one or two, provides normal operation of the battery charger and sets an action flag to zero.

9. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being above the fourth frequency range and the action flag is zero, provides normal operation of the battery charger.

10. The method as recited in claim 1 includes a nominal frequency of the power grid is 60 Hz, and said programmable logic controller sets the reduced level of charge current of the battery charger to a 50% level of normal current charge responsive to the applied frequency within a predefined range between 59.5 Hz<

f<

59.9 Hz.

11. The method as recited in claim 10 wherein said programmable logic controller opens said switch, stopping operation of the battery charger responsive to the applied frequency being less than 59.5 Hz.

12. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein said programmable logic controller sets charging to the 50% level of normal responsive to the applied frequency increases above 59.7 Hz.

13. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein said programmable logic controller resumes charging to normal operations responsive to the applied frequency increases to the nominal 60 Hz.

14. A system for implementing demand response and regulation services to an associated power grid with charging a battery of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV) comprising:

a frequency sensor continuously monitoring frequency of the power grid and comparing to a predefined tolerance band;

a programmable logic controller coupled to said frequency sensor;

a charge controller and a switch coupled to said programmable logic controller;

a battery charger coupled to said charge controller and said switch and the battery;

said frequency sensor responsive to the frequency being outside the predefined tolerance band, applying the frequency to said programmable logic controller;

said programmable logic controller using the applied frequency and identifying a control action; and

said charge controller and switch receiving respective identified control actions by said programmable logic controller for controlling the battery charger.

15. The system as recited in claim 14 further includes said programmable logic controller setting an action flag responsive to the applied frequency;

said action flag being used together with the applied frequency to identify a change in the control action.

16. The system as recited in claim 14 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a first frequency range, provides normal operation of the battery charger.

17. The system as recited in claim 14 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a second frequency range, reduces a level of charge current.

18. The system as recited in claim 14 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being less than a first set threshold value, opens said switch, stopping operation of the battery charger.

19. The system as recited in claim 18 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a third frequency range, resumes the reduced level of charge current of the battery charger.

20. The system as recited in claim 19 wherein said programmable logic controller, responsive to the applied frequency being within a fourth frequency range, resumes normal operation of the battery charger.