Gas turbine combustor with liner air admission holes associated with interpersed main and pilot swirler assemblies

• US 8,789,374 B2
• Filed: 02/07/2013
• Issued: 07/29/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Rtx Corporation
• Original Assignee: United Technologies Corporation (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Hoke, James B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rodriguez, William H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rivera, Carlos A
• Application Number:
  US13/761,454
• Publication Number:
  US 20130186099A1
• Time in Patent Office: 537 Days
• Field of Search: 607/46, 607/47, 607/48, 607/37, 607/54, 608/04, 607/56
• US Class Current: 60/754
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/06 Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/14 by using swirl vanes
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/343 Pilot flames, i.e. fuel nozzles or injectors using only a very small proportion of the total fuel to insure continuous combustion ignition in gas-turbine plants F02C7/264; pilot flame igniters F23Q9/00
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/50 Combustion chambers comprising an annular flame tube within an annular casing toroidal combustion chambers F23R3/52
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/60 Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

A combustor for a gas turbine engine having an annular combustion chamber includes a plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies and a plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies disposed in a circumferential ring extending about the circumferential expanse of a forward bulkhead. The plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies are interspersed amongst and disposed in the circumferential ring of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies. Fuel being supplied to the combustor is selectively distributed between the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies and the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies in response to the level of power demand on the gas turbine engine.

Claims

1. A combustor for a gas turbine engine having an annular combustion chamber, comprising:

a bulkhead disposed at a forward end of the annular combustion chamber, the bulkhead having a radial expanse and a circumferential expanse;

a plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies opening through the bulkhead for admitting fuel and air into the annular combustion chamber, the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies disposed in a circumferential ring extending about the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead;

a plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies opening through the bulkhead for admitting fuel and air into the annular combustion chamber, the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies interspersed amongst and disposed in the circumferential ring of the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, the air swirlers of the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies adapted to impart a lower level of swirl to air passing therethrough relative the air swirlers of the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, further comprising;

an inboard liner extending longitudinally fore to aft from a radially inboard extent of the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead to a combustor exit;

an outboard liner extending longitudinally fore to aft from a radially outboard extent of the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead to the combustor exit;

a first plurality of relatively larger combustion air admission holes formed in the outboard liner, disposed in multiple subsets of multiple holes and each subset arranged in a first circumferential ring aftward of the bulkhead in association with the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, each subset including two holes; and

a first plurality of relatively smaller combustion air admission holes formed in the outboard liner, disposed in multiple subsets of multiple holes and each subset arranged in a second circumferential ring aftward of the bulkhead in association with the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, each subset including two holes, and the second circumferential ring located forward of the first circumferential ring in the outboard liner.

2. The combustor for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 wherein a second plurality of relatively larger combustion air admission holes are arranged in a third circumferential ring and a second plurality of relatively smaller combustion air admission holes are arranged in a fourth circumferential ring, the fourth circumferential ring being located forward of the third circumferential ring in the inboard liner.

3. The combustor for a gas turbine engine as recited in claim 1 wherein a second plurality of relatively larger combustion air admission holes and a second plurality of relatively smaller combustion air admission holes located in the inboard liner are staggered circumferentially relative to the first plurality of relatively larger combustion air admission holes and the first plurality of relatively smaller combustion air admission holes located in the outboard liner.

4. A method for operating a combustor of a gas turbine engine, comprising:

providing a bulkhead disposed at a forward end of an annular combustion chamber the bulkhead having a radial expanse and a circumferential expanse;

providing a plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies opening through the bulkhead for admitting fuel and air into the annular combustion chamber, the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies disposed in a circumferential ring extending about the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead;

providing a plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies opening through the bulkhead for admitting fuel and air into the annular combustion chamber, the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies interspersed amongst and disposed in the circumferential ring of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, the air swirlers of the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies adapted to impart a lower level of swirl to air passing therethrough relative the air swirlers of the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies;

providing an inboard liner extending longitudinally fore to aft from a radially inboard extent of the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead to a combustor exit;

providing an outboard liner extending longitudinally fore to aft from a radially outboard extent of the circumferential expanse of the bulkhead to the combustor exit;

providing a first plurality of relatively larger combustion air admission holes formed in the outboard liner, disposed in multiple subsets of multiple holes and each subset arranged in a first circumferential ring aftward of the bulkhead in association with the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, each subset including two holes;

providing a first plurality of relatively smaller combustion air admission holes formed in the outboard liner, disposed in multiple subsets of multiple holes and each subset arranged in a second circumferential ring aftward of the bulkhead in association with the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies, each subset including two holes, and the second circumferential ring located forward of the first circumferential ring in the outboard liner; and

distributing fuel being supplied to the combustor between the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies and the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies in response to a level of power demand on the gas turbine engine.

5. The method as recited in claim 4 further comprising the step of at lower power demand distributing fuel being supplied to the combustor relatively evenly between the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies and the plurality of pilot fuel injection and air swirler assemblies.

6. The method as recited in claim 4 further comprising the step of at moderate (mid-range) power demand distributing fuel being supplied to the combustor predominately to the plurality of main fuel injection and air swirler assemblies.