Closed loop respiratory support device with dynamic adaptability

• US 8,789,530 B2
• Filed: 05/26/2011
• Issued: 07/29/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Curators of the University of Missouri (University of Missouri)
• Original Assignee: Curators of the University of Missouri (University of Missouri)
• Inventors: Amjad, Ramak, Fales, Roger, Keim, Timothy
• Primary Examiner(s): DOUGLAS, STEVEN O
• Application Number:
  US13/116,841
• Publication Number:
  US 20110290252A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,160 Days
• Field of Search: 12820418-20423, 128/205.11, 128/920, 128/923
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0051 with alarm devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/026 specially adapted for predicting, e.g. for determining an information representative of a flow limitation during a ventilation cycle by using a root square technique or a regression analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/12 by mixing different gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/202 electrically actuated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/203 Proportional
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/1025 the O2 concentration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0022 by the tactile sense, e.g. vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0208 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/52 with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/005 Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/06 Heartbeat rate only
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/205 partial oxygen pressure (P-O2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/30 Blood pressure A61M2230/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/42 Rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2240/00 Specially adapted for neonatal use

Abstract

The disclosure provides an automatic system based on the dynamic adaptability strategy for controlling oxygen concentration in blood of patients with fluctuating oxygen needs. The system monitors patient'"'"'s clinical measurement data and updates the system continuously, which provides changes in FiO₂ and gas flow that are more patient specific and reduce the patient'"'"'s unnecessary oxygen exposure.

Claims

1. An automatic system for controlling SpO₂ in the blood of a patient, the system comprising:

a. an adaptive microcontroller;

b. a device that controls the variable adjustment of FiO₂ delivered to the patient through a blend valve; and

c. a monitoring device,

wherein the adaptive microcontroller receives signals from the monitoring device pertaining to clinical measurements of the patient, processes the signals with dynamic adaptability through an algorithm and sends corresponding signals to the device that controls the variable adjustment of FiO₂ delivered to the patient depending on the signals received by the microcontroller from the monitoring device, wherein the microcontroller is in direct communication with the monitoring device through an inbound/outbound electronic communication means selected from the group consisting of a serial port adapter, USB adapter, firewire, Ethernet cable, wireless communication, and combinations thereof, and wherein the algorithm comprises an estimation system consisting of a discrete parameter-estimating extended Kalman filter and extended state observer.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the device that controls the variable adjustment of FiO₂ is comprised of a servo motor.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the servo motor is in direct communication with the microcontroller through an inbound/outbound electronic communication means selected from the group consisting of a serial port adapter, USB adapter, firewire, Ethernet cable, wireless communication, and combinations thereof.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the servo motor automatically adjusts the blend valve in response to a signal sent to the motor by the microcontroller.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring device is selected from the group consisting of a bedside monitor interface, pulse oximeter, oxygen analyzer, and combinations thereof.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a device to control variable adjustment of flow of gas to the patient through a flow valve.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the device to control variable adjustment of oxygen is comprised of a servo motor.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the servo motor automatically adjusts the oxygen flow valve in response to a signal sent to the servo motor by the microcontroller.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the device further comprises a device to stimulate the patient.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the device to stimulate the patient comprises a motor, wherein the motor is a vibration motor.

11. The system of claim 9 wherein the device to stimulate the patient is attached to an extremity of the patient.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the device to stimulate the patient is in direct communication with the microcontroller through an inbound/outbound electronic communication means selected from the group consisting of a serial port adapter, ribbon cable module, USB adapter, firewire, Ethernet cable, wireless communication, and combinations thereof.

14. A method of using the automatic system of claim 1, the method comprising the steps of:

a. monitoring the patient through the monitoring device;

b. sensing the FiO₂ of the patient at any given time through angular position of the blend valve;

c. determining through algorithm the necessary adjustment to the blend valve in order to provide optimum FiO₂ output as required by the patient; and

d. automatically adjusting the blend valve.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the method further comprises sensing the flow of gas to the patient at any given time through position of a flow valve.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises determining through algorithm the necessary adjustment to the flow valve as required by the patient.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises automatically adjusting the flow valve.

13. An automatic system for controlling SpO₂ in the blood of a patient, the system comprising:

a. an adaptive microcontroller;

b. a device to control variable adjustment of FiO₂ delivered to the patient;

c. a device to control variable adjustment of flow of gas delivered to the patient;

d. a device to stimulate the patient; and

e. a monitoring device,

wherein the adaptive microcontroller receives signals from the monitoring device pertaining to clinical measurements of the patient, processes the signals with dynamic adaptability through an algorithm and sends corresponding signals to the devices controlling the variable adjustment of FiO₂ and flow of gas to the patient depending on the signal received by the microcontroller from the monitoring device, wherein the microcontroller is in direct communication with the monitoring device through an inbound/outbound electronic communication means selected from the group consisting of a serial port adapter, USB adapter, firewire, Ethernet cable, wireless communication, and combinations thereof, and wherein the algorithm comprises an estimation system consisting of a discrete parameter-estimating extended Kalman filter and extended state observer.