Method and apparatus for increasing spectrum use efficiency in a mesh network

• US 8,792,441 B2
• Filed: 10/27/2011
• Issued: 07/29/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Walton, Jay Rodney, Nanda, Sanjiv
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Brian D
• Application Number:
  US13/283,510
• Publication Number:
  US 20120039296A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,006 Days
• Field of Search: 370/329, 370/331, 370/332, 370/338
• US Class Current: 370/329
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/542 using measured or perceived quality
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/0808 using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

Mesh Network Access Points (APs) points, including gateways and routers, are deployed over a geographic area. The APs monitor the communication channel for other carriers and transmit accordingly. The APs selectively co-transmit when other carriers are sensed, if the efficiency of the mesh network will improve. APs select a transmission rate based on observed carrier-to-interference ratios. APs use directional antennas to increase carrier-to-interference ratios and spectral efficiency. AP transmit schedules are adaptable and adjusted according to observed carrier-to-interference measurements.

Claims

1. A method of dynamically scheduling access point communication between wireless access points comprising:

determining an interference condition on an available channel at a first access point;

comparing at the first access point the interference condition between at least two of a plurality of antenna elements;

canceling interference associated with the interference condition at the first access point based upon the comparison;

selecting at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements at the first access point; and

scheduling the first access point to transmit to a second access point using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and the second access points introduce a phase delay for incoming signals.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and the second access points introduce a phase delay for incoming signals on at least two of the plurality of antenna elements.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and the second access points are elements of a cluster of access points.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and the second access points utilize Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:

a 4×

4, a 4×

2, and a 2×

2 grid of antenna elements.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing beam forming using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

7. A non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution cause a machine to:

determine an interference condition on an available channel at a first access point;

compare at the first access point the interference condition between at least two of a plurality of antenna elements;

cancel interference associated with the interference condition at the first access point based upon the comparison;

select at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements at the first access point; and

schedule the first access point to transmit to a second access point using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

8. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the first and the second access points introduce a phase delay for incoming signals.

9. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first and the second access points introduce a phase delay for incoming signals on at least two of the plurality of antenna elements.

10. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the first and the second access points are elements of a cluster of access points.

11. The non-transitory non transitional machine-readable medium of claim 7, wherein the first and the second access points utilize Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:

a 4×

4, a 4×

2, and a 2×

2 grid of antenna elements.

12. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 7, further comprising instructions that upon execution cause the machine to perform beam forming using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

13. An apparatus for managing a communications resource in a mesh network, comprising:

a gateway configured to determine an interference condition on an available channel, configured to compare the interference condition between at least two of a plurality of antenna elements, configured to cancel interference associated with the interference condition based upon the comparison, configured to select at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements, and configured to schedule transmissions to a router using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the gateway or the router introduce a phase delay for incoming signals.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the gateway or the router introduce a phase delay for incoming signals on at least two of the plurality of antenna elements.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the gateway is further configured to perform beam forming using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the gateway and the router are elements of a cluster of access points in a mesh network.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the gateway and the router utilize Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:

a 4×

4, a 4×

2, and a 2×

2 grid of antenna elements.

19. An apparatus for managing a communications resource in a mesh network, comprising:

means for determining an interference condition on an available channel at a first access point;

means for comparing at the first access point the interference condition between at least two antenna elements of a plurality of antenna elements;

means for canceling interference associated with the interference condition at the first access point based upon the comparison;

means for selecting at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements at the first access point; and

means for scheduling the first access point to transmit to a second access point using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:

means for introducing a phase delay for incoming signals for the first and the second access points.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the introduced phase delay for incoming signals is utilized on at least two of the plurality of antenna elements.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first and the second access points are elements of a cluster of access points.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first and the second access points utilize Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:

a 4×

4, a 4×

2, and a 2×

2 grid of antenna elements.

24. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising means for performing beam forming using the selected at least one antenna element from the plurality of antenna elements.