Chemical compounds for the removal of carbon dioxide from gases

• US 8,795,618 B2
• Filed: 03/22/2011
• Issued: 08/05/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Babcock & Wilcox Company (Babcock International Group PLC)
• Original Assignee: Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group Incorporated (Babcock International Group PLC)
• Inventors: Ji, Lei, Farthing, George A. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Duane
• Assistant Examiner(s): PATEL, PANKTI R
• Application Number:
  US13/069,204
• Publication Number:
  US 20110232490A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,232 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 423/228
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/103 Water
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20405 Monoamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/2041 Diamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20426 Secondary amines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20442 containing a piperidine-ring
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20447 containing a piperazine-ring
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20484 with one hydroxyl group
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/602 Activators, promoting agents, catalytic agents or enzymes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1493 Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation

Abstract

A method and apparatus for utilizing an amine-based absorption compound for flue gas, or combustion gas, CO₂ capture, according to embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, CO₂ is delivered from a wet, or dry, flue gas scrubber to an absorber. The amine-based absorption compound is introduced in an aqueous solution to the absorber, which is located downstream of the wet, or dry, flue gas scrubber. In some embodiments, the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound is then subjected to a regeneration step to regenerate the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound and strip out absorbed CO₂. In some embodiments, energy is supplied to a stripper through a reboiler to accomplish the regeneration step.

Claims

1. A method for post-combustion CO₂ capture comprising:

(i) introducing an aqueous solution containing an amine-based absorption compound to an absorber, the absorber being located downstream of a flue gas scrubber;

(ii) delivering a CO₂-containing gas from the flue gas scrubber to the absorber to form a CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound; and

(iii) subjecting the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound to a regeneration step for regenerating the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound and stripping out CO₂ from the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound, wherein energy is supplied to a stripper to accomplish the regeneration step, and

wherein the amine-based absorption compound is a combination of a primary amine-based compound selected from 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidine and one or more different amine-based promoter compounds selected from monoethanolamine, piperazine, 2-(1-piperazinyl)-ethylamine, 1-methylpiperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, piperidine, or suitable combinations of any two or more thereof.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 10 weight percent to about 95 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 15 weight percent to about 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 20 weight percent to about 85 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 1 weight percent to about 27.5 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 2.5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 5 weight percent to about 22.5 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 5 weight percent to about 22.5 weight percent of the two or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

9. A method for CO₂ capture comprising:

(a) introducing an aqueous solution containing an amine-based absorption compound to an absorber, the absorber being located downstream of, or independently from, a combustion process that generates combustion gases CO₂;

(b) delivering a CO₂-containing gas to the absorber to form a CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound; and

(c) subjecting the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound to a regeneration step for regenerating the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound and stripping out CO₂ from the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound, wherein energy is supplied to a stripper to accomplish the regeneration step, and

wherein the amine-based absorption compound is a combination of a primary amine-based compound selected from 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidine and one or more different amine-based promoter compounds selected from monoethanolamine, piperazine, 2-(1-piperazinyl)-ethylamine, 1-methylpiperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, piperidine, or suitable combinations of any two or more thereof.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 10 weight percent to about 95 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 15 weight percent to about 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 20 weight percent to about 85 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 1 weight percent to about 27.5 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 2.5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

16. The method of claim 9, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 5 weight percent to about 22.5 weight percent of the one or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

17. A method for post-combustion CO₂ capture comprising:

(i) introducing an aqueous solution containing an amine-based absorption compound to an absorber, the absorber being located downstream of a flue gas scrubber;

(ii) delivering a CO₂-containing gas from the flue gas scrubber to the absorber to form a CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound; and

(iii) subjecting the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound to a regeneration step for regenerating the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound and stripping out CO₂ from the CO₂-laden amine-based absorption compound, wherein energy is supplied to a stripper to accomplish the regeneration step, and

wherein the amine-based absorption compound is a combination of a primary amine-based absorption compound and two or more different amine-based promoter compounds, and wherein the primary amine-based absorption compound is 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidine and the two or more amine-based promoter compounds are selected from monoethanolamine, piperazine, 2-(1-piperazinyl)-ethylamine, 1-methylpiperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 3-methylaminopropylamine, morpholine, piperidine, or suitable combinations of any two or more thereof.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 10 weight percent to about 95 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 15 weight percent to about 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is in an aqueous solution having a concentration in the range of about 20 weight percent to about 85 weight percent, based on the total weight of the aqueous solution.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 0.5 weight percent to about 30 weight percent of the two or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

22. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 1 weight percent to about 27.5 weight percent of the two or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.

23. The method of claim 17, wherein the amine-based absorption compound is an aqueous solution that contains from about 2.5 weight percent to about 25 weight percent of the two or more amine-based promoter compounds, based on the total amount of the amine-based compounds that form the overall amine-based absorption compound.