Increasing efficiency of wireless power transfer

• US 8,803,476 B2
• Filed: 04/03/2013
• Issued: 08/12/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/06/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Broadcom Corporation (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Vorenkamp, Pieter, Van Der Lee, Reinier, Loo, InSun Van
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOATENG, ALEXIS ASIEDUA
• Application Number:
  US13/856,298
• Publication Number:
  US 20130214742A1
• Time in Patent Office: 496 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108, 320/104, 320/155, 320/156, 320/157, 320/158, 320/159, 320/160, 320/162, 320/163, 320/164, 320/165
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/46 Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

Techniques are described herein that are capable of increasing efficiency of wireless power transfer. A wireless power transfer system includes features that allow the system to be deployed in public spaces such as airports or in commercial establishments such as restaurants or hotels to allow a user to recharge one or more portable electronic devices while away from home. To accommodate wireless recharging of a variety of device types and states, the system may receive parameters and/or state information associated with a portable electronic device to be recharged and may control the wireless power transfer in accordance with such parameters and/or state information. For instance, the system may increase efficiency of the wireless power transfer based on such parameters and/or state information. The system may also provide a secure and efficient means for obtaining required payment information from the user prior to the wireless power transfer, thereby facilitating fee-based recharging.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

initiating a wireless power transfer from a charging station to a portable electronic device via a wireless power link;

receiving at least one parameter regarding the portable electronic device at the charging station via a wireless communication link in response to initiation of the wireless power transfer, the at least one parameter including a power parameter that specifies a magnitude of power requested by the portable electronic device; and

increasing efficiency of the wireless power transfer based on the at least one parameter, wherein increasing the efficiency of the wireless power transfer includes reducing a magnitude of power that is provided by the charging station with respect to the wireless power transfer to be substantially equal to the magnitude of power requested by the portable electronic device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further includes a frequency parameter that specifies a resonant frequency of the portable electronic device;

and

wherein increasing the efficiency of the wireless power transfer further includes changing a frequency at which a non-radiative magnetic field, which mediates the wireless power transfer, oscillates to be substantially equal to the resonant frequency of the portable electronic device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further includes a power parameter that specifies a magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless power transfer;

and

wherein increasing the efficiency of the wireless power transfer further includes reducing a magnitude of power that is provided by the charging station with respect to the wireless power transfer to be substantially equal to the magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless power transfer.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further includes a power parameter that specifies a maximum safe power that the portable electronic device is capable of consuming without substantial risk of damaging the portable electronic device;

and

wherein increasing the efficiency of the wireless power transfer further includes controlling a magnitude of power that is provided by the charging station with respect to the wireless power transfer to be no greater than the maximum safe power.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further includes a position parameter that specifies a position of the portable electronic device;

and

wherein increasing the efficiency of the wireless power transfer further includes changing an orientation of a transfer element of the charging station that generates a magnetic field for performing the wireless power transfer based on the position parameter to increase inductive coupling between the transfer element of the charging station and a receiving element of the portable electronic device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the at least one parameter comprises:

receiving the at least one parameter at the charging station via the wireless communication link in accordance with a Near Field Communication (NFC) protocol, a Bluetooth™

protocol, a ZigBee®

protocol, or an IEEE 802.11 protocol.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein wirelessly transferring power from the charging station to the portable electronic device via the wireless power link is performed in accordance with an inductive coupling technique.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein wirelessly transferring power from the charging station to the portable electronic device via the wireless power link is performed in accordance with a resonant inductive coupling technique.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

establishing the wireless power link and the wireless communication link via a common inductive link.

10. A system comprising:

a wireless power transfer component configured to wirelessly transfer power to a portable electronic device via a wireless power link;

a parameter analysis component configured to analyze at least one parameter received via a wireless communication link regarding the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer of the power, the at least one parameter including a first parameter that specifies a magnitude of power requested by the portable electronic device; and

an efficiency improvement component configured to increase efficiency with respect to the wireless transfer of the power based on analysis of the at least one parameter, wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to reduce a magnitude of the power that is provided with respect to the wireless transfer to be substantially equal to the magnitude of power requested by the portable electronic device.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer component comprises:

a field generation component configured to generate a magnetic field that is used to wirelessly transfer the power to the portable electronic device; and

wherein the efficiency improvement component comprises;

a field manipulation component configured to change a characteristic of the magnetic field to increase the efficiency with respect to the wireless transfer of the power based on the analysis of the at least one parameter.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one parameter specifies a resonant frequency of the portable electronic device;

wherein the magnetic field is a non-radiative magnetic field; and

wherein the field manipulation component is configured to change a frequency at which the non-radiative magnetic field oscillates to be substantially equal to the resonant frequency of the portable electronic device.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one parameter includes a second parameter that specifies a magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer of the power;

and

wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to reduce a magnitude of the power that is provided with respect to the wireless transfer to be substantially equal to the magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein the at least one parameter includes a second parameter that specifies a maximum safe power that the portable electronic device is capable of consuming without substantial risk of damaging the portable electronic device;

and

wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to control a magnitude of the power that is provided with respect to the wireless transfer to be no greater than the maximum safe power.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer component includes a transfer element that generates a magnetic field for performing the wireless transfer of the power;

wherein the at least one parameter includes a second parameter that specifies a position of the portable electronic device; and

wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to change an orientation of the transfer element based on the second parameter to increase inductive coupling between the transfer element and a receiving element of the portable electronic device.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer component is configured to wirelessly transfer the power from the charging station to the portable electronic device via the wireless power link in accordance with an inductive coupling technique.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer component is configured to wirelessly transfer the power from the charging station to the portable electronic device via the wireless power link in accordance with a resonant inductive coupling technique.

18. The system of claim 10, wherein the wireless power link and the wireless communication link are included in a common inductive link.

19. A system comprising:

a wireless power transfer component configured to wirelessly transfer power to a portable electronic device via a wireless power link;

a parameter analysis component configured to analyze at least one parameter received via a wireless communication link regarding the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer of the power, the at least one parameter including a first parameter that specifies a maximum safe power that the portable electronic device is capable of consuming without substantial risk of damaging the portable electronic device; and

an efficiency improvement component configured to increase efficiency with respect to the wireless transfer of the power based on analysis of the at least one parameter, wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to control a magnitude of the power that is provided with respect to the wireless transfer to be no greater than the maximum safe power.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the at least one parameter includes a second parameter that specifies a magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer of the power;

and

wherein the efficiency improvement component is configured to reduce a magnitude of the power that is provided with respect to the wireless transfer to be substantially equal to the magnitude of power consumed by the portable electronic device with respect to the wireless transfer.