Null interface feature in wireless mesh networking device

• US 8,824,445 B1
• Filed: 01/17/2014
• Issued: 09/02/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cubic Corporation, RSAE Labs Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cubic Corporation
• Inventors: Berenberg, Paul, Baumgartner, Mike, Ryshakov, Igor, Gostev, Anatoli
• Primary Examiner(s): HO, DUC CHI
• Application Number:
  US14/158,015
• Time in Patent Office: 228 Days
• Field of Search: 370/401, 370/338, 370/252, 370/254
• US Class Current: 370/338
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/244 using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/246 Connectivity information discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/248 Connectivity information update
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/16 Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 8/005 Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

This disclosure describes processes and methods for enhancing reporting of status information in a wireless sensor network. This disclosure also provides designs of wireless sensor devices configured to connect to a wireless network, and to execute the processes disclosed herein. As described herein, a first sensor device transmits a beacon signal to a second wireless device, and the beacon signal is transmitted while the first and second wireless devices are disconnected from the sensor network. The first wireless device facilitates supplemental network formation by transmitting information to the second wireless device, wherein the information causes the second wireless device to form the supplemental network by performing network joining procedures with the first wireless sensor device, and wherein, after performing network joining procedures, the second wireless device transmits status information to the first wireless sensor device. The first wireless device then connects to the wireless network and transmits the status information through the network.

Claims

1. A method for accelerating expansion of a mesh network formed around a gateway, the method executed at a first wireless device configured to attach to the mesh network, and the method comprising:

while disconnected from the mesh network, detecting multiple second wireless devices that are configured to attach to the mesh network, wherein detection of the second wireless devices occurs while the second wireless devices are also disconnected from the mesh network;

while disconnected from the mesh network, forming a preliminary network that includes connections with the second wireless devices and facilitates data sharing with the second wireless devices;

while disconnected from the mesh network and connected to the preliminary network, detecting a third wireless device that is connected to the mesh network;

expanding the mesh network by attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network, wherein attaching includes;

maintaining the connections between the second wireless devices and the first wireless device;

forming a mesh network connection with the third wireless device, wherein forming the mesh network connection includes obtaining a mesh network cost function that describes routing capabilities of the third wireless device within the mesh network;

subsequent to attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network, receiving status information from the second wireless devices, wherein the status information is communicated using the connections; and

forwarding the status information to the gateway via the third wireless device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

forming the preliminary network includes transmitting information representing a first valued cost function to the second wireless devices; and

the mesh network is configured to use the first valued cost function to represent routing capabilities of wireless devices connected to the mesh network.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first valued cost function is a cost function that is in accordance with a protocol under which the mesh network is operated, and wherein the first valued cost function is a highest valued cost function of all cost functions that are in accordance with the protocol.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, while connected to the preliminary network before the preliminary network is attached to the mesh network, each of the second wireless devices determines and transmits a respective cost function based on the first valued cost function.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

upon obtaining the mesh network cost function, generating an updated cost function based on the mesh network cost function, wherein the updated cost function represents routing capabilities of the first wireless device in the mesh network; and

providing the updated cost function to each of the second wireless devices.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of the second wireless devices modifies the respective cost function based on the updated cost function.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein forming the preliminary network and attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network triggers routing of status information to the gateway, the status information transmitted by one of the second wireless devices.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining that the mesh network connection with the third wireless device is severed;

broadcasting a beacon, wherein the beacon is detected by wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network;

transmitting the first valued cost function to the wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network; and

while disconnected from the mesh network, forming another preliminary network including connections with at least two of the wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network;

while disconnected from the mesh network and connected to the another preliminary network, detecting a fourth wireless device that is connected to the mesh network; and

expanding the mesh network by attaching the another preliminary network to the mesh network, wherein attaching includes;

maintaining the connections included in the another preliminary network; and

forming a mesh network connection with the fourth wireless device.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining an updated cost function upon receiving the mesh network cost function, the updated cost function representing routing capabilities of the first wireless device in the mesh network;

transmitting the updated cost function to the second wireless devices, wherein the updated cost function is received at the second wireless devices and, upon being received, causes the second wireless devices to route the status information to the first wireless device.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

while disconnected from the mesh network but connected to the preliminary network, expanding the preliminary network by attaching another preliminary network to the preliminary network, wherein attaching the another preliminary network includes;

detecting a fourth wireless device that is connected to the another preliminary network while the another preliminary network is disconnected from the mesh network; and

forming a connection with the fourth wireless device such that each second wireless device is connected with wireless devices of the another preliminary network by a multi-hop path.

11. An apparatus for accelerating expansion of a mesh network formed around a gateway, the apparatus comprising:

a processor configured to perform the following operations while the apparatus is disconnected from the mesh network;

detect multiple second wireless devices configured to attach to the mesh network, wherein detection of the second wireless devices occurs while the second wireless devices are also disconnected from the mesh network;

form a preliminary network that includes connections with the second wireless devices and facilitates data sharing with the second wireless devices; and

detect a third wireless device that is connected to the mesh network;

wherein the processor is further configured to;

expand the mesh network by attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network, wherein attaching includes;

maintaining the connections between the second wireless devices; and

forming a mesh network connection with the third wireless device, wherein forming the mesh network connection includes obtaining a mesh network cost function that describes routing capabilities of the third wireless device within the mesh network;

subsequent to attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network, receiving status information from the second wireless devices, wherein the status information is communicated using the connections; and

forwarding the status information to the gateway via the third wireless device; and

a memory coupled to the processor.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein:

forming the preliminary network includes transmitting information representing a first valued cost function to the second wireless devices; and

the mesh network is configured to use the first valued cost function to represent routing capabilities of wireless devices connected to the mesh network.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first valued cost function is a cost function that is in accordance with a protocol under which the mesh network is operated, and wherein the first valued cost function is a highest valued cost function off all cost functions that are in accordance with the protocol.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein, while connected to the preliminary network before the preliminary network is attached to the mesh network, each of the second wireless devices determines and transmits a respective cost function based on the first valued cost function.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the processor is further configured to:

generate an updated cost function based on the obtained mesh network cost function, wherein the updated cost function represents routing capabilities of the apparatus in the mesh network; and

provide the updated cost function to each of the second wireless devices.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein each of the second wireless devices modifies the respective cost function based on the updated cost function.

17. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein forming the preliminary network and attaching the preliminary network to the mesh network triggers routing of status information to the gateway, the status information transmitted by one of the second wireless devices.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine that the mesh network connection with the third wireless device is severed;

broadcast a beacon, wherein the beacon is detected by wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network;

transmitting the first valued cost function to the wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network;

while the apparatus is disconnected from the mesh network, forming another preliminary network including connections with at least two of the wireless devices that are not connected to the mesh network;

while the apparatus is disconnected from the mesh network and connected to the another preliminary network, detect a fourth wireless device that is connected to the mesh network;

expand the mesh network by attaching the another preliminary network to the mesh network, wherein attaching includes;

maintaining the connections included in the another preliminary network; and

forming a mesh network connection with the fourth wireless device.

19. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to:

determine an updated cost function upon receiving the mesh network cost function, the updated cost function representing routing capabilities of the apparatus in the mesh network; and

transmit the updated cost function to the second wireless devices, wherein the updated cost function is received at the second wireless devices and, upon being received, causes the second wireless devices to route the status information to the first wireless device.

20. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processor is further configured to perform the following operations while the apparatus is disconnected from the mesh network but connected to the preliminary network:

expand the preliminary network by attaching another preliminary network to the preliminary network, wherein attaching the another preliminary network includes;

detecting a fourth wireless device that is connected to the another preliminary network while the another preliminary network is disconnected from the mesh network; and

forming a connection with the fourth wireless device such that each second wireless device is connected with wireless devices of the another preliminary network by a multi-hop path.