Method and apparatus for single-path control and monitoring of an H-bridge

• US 8,837,178 B2
• Filed: 07/08/2010
• Issued: 09/16/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Enphase Energy Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Enphase Energy Incorporated
• Inventors: Fornage, Martin
• Primary Examiner(s): Laxton, Gary L
• Application Number:
  US12/803,890
• Publication Number:
  US 20110007537A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,531 Days
• Field of Search: 363131-134, 363 15- 17, 363 24- 28, 363/37, 363 40- 41, 363/55, 363 5601- 5608, 363 97- 98
• US Class Current: 363/56.02
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/08 Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection

Abstract

A method and apparatus for controlling and monitoring an H-bridge via a single communication path. The apparatus comprises a first control and monitor module coupled to a first switch within the H-bridge; and a first pulse transformer coupled to a first control signal to the first control and monitor module, wherein the first control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the first control signal, a first driver signal for operating a first switch of the H-bridge during DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a portion of the H-bridge for at least one fault, and (iii) communicates, upon detecting the at least one fault, a first fault indication to a main controller of the H-bridge via the first pulse transformer.

Claims

1. An apparatus for controlling and monitoring an H-bridge via a single communication path, comprising:

a first control and monitor module coupled to a first switch within the H-bridge; and

a first pulse transformer coupled to (a) the first control and monitor module and (b) a first control signal to the first control and monitor module, wherein the first control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the first control signal, a first driver signal for operating the first switch of the H-bridge during DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a portion of the H-bridge for at least one fault, and (iii) communicates, upon detecting the at least one fault, a first fault indication to a main controller of the H-bridge via the first pulse transformer.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first driver signal is based on a duty cycle of the first control signal.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, upon detecting the at least one fault, the first control and monitor module deactivates the first switch.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first control signal provides power for operating the first control and monitor module.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, upon detecting the at least one fault, the first control and monitor module communicates a second fault indication to a second control and monitor module for deactivating a second switch within the H-bridge.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first control and monitor module clamps the first control signal at a shorter duty cycle to generate the first fault indication.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the main controller deactivates the H-bridge subsequent to receiving the first fault indication.

8. A method for controlling and monitoring an H-bridge via a single communication path, comprising:

transmitting, via a first pulse transformer, a first control signal;

generating, based on the first control signal, a first driver signal for operating a first switch within an H-bridge during DC/AC power conversion;

monitoring at least a portion of the H-bridge for at least one fault during the DC/AC power conversion; and

communicating, upon detecting the at least one fault, a first fault indication to a main controller of the H-bridge via the first pulse transformer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first driver signal is based on a duty cycle of the first control signal.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising deactivating, upon detecting the at least one fault, the first switch.

11. The method of claim 8, further comprising powering a control and monitor module by the first control signal, wherein the control and monitor module generates the first driver signal, monitors the at least a portion of the H-bridge, and communicates the first fault indication.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising communicating, upon detecting the at least one fault, a second fault indication to a second control and monitor module for deactivating a second switch within the H-bridge.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein communicating the first fault indication comprises clamping the first control signal at a reduced duty cycle to generate the first fault indication.

14. The method of claim 8, further comprising deactivating the H-bridge subsequent to the main controller receiving the first fault indication.

15. A system for converting DC power to AC power, comprising:

an H-bridge, comprising a first, a second, a third, and a fourth switch, wherein the first switch is coupled to a first control and monitor module, the second switch is coupled to a second control and monitor module, the third switch is coupled to a third control and monitor module, and the fourth switch is coupled to a fourth control and monitor module;

a first pulse transformer coupled to (a) the first and the third control and monitor modules and (b) a first control signal to the first and the third control and monitor modules; and

a second pulse transformer coupled to (c) the second and the fourth control and monitor modules and (d) to a second control signal to the second and the fourth control and monitor modules;

wherein

(A) the first control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the first control signal, a first driver signal for operating the first switch during DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a first portion of the H-bridge for a first fault, and (iii) upon detecting the first fault, communicates a first fault indication to a main controller via the first pulse transformer;

(B) the second control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the second control signal, a second driver signal for operating the second switch during the DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a second portion of the H-bridge for a second fault, and (iii) upon detecting the second fault, communicates a second fault indication to the main controller via the second pulse transformer;

(C) the third control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the first control signal, a third driver signal for operating the third switch during the DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a third portion of the H-bridge for a third fault, and (iii) upon detecting the third fault, communicates a third fault indication to the main controller via the first pulse transformer; and

(D) the fourth control and monitor module (i) generates, based on the second control signal, a fourth driver signal for operating the fourth switch during the DC/AC power conversion, (ii) monitors at least a fourth portion of the H-bridge for a fourth fault, and (iii) upon detecting the fourth fault, communicates a fourth fault indication to the main controller via the second pulse transformer.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first and the third driver signals are based on a first control signal duty cycle, and the second and the fourth driver signals are based on a second control signal duty cycle.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the first control signal provides power for operating the first and the third control and monitor modules, and the second control signal provides power for operating the second and the fourth control and monitor modules.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the third control and monitor module is coupled to the fourth control and monitor module, and wherein (i) the third control and monitor module is further adapted for communicating, upon detecting the third fault, a fifth fault indication to the fourth control and monitor module;

and (ii) the fourth control and monitor module is further adapted for communicating, upon detecting the fourth fault, a fifth fault indication to the third control and monitor module.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the first control and monitor module clamps the first control signal at a first reduced duty cycle to generate the first fault indication, the second control and monitor module clamps the second control signal at a second reduced duty cycle to generate the second fault indication, the third control and monitor module clamps the first control signal at a third reduced duty cycle to generate the third fault indication, and the fourth control and monitor module clamps the second control signal at a fourth reduced duty cycle to generate the fourth fault indication.

20. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the main controller deactivates the H-bridge subsequent to receiving at least one of the first, the second, the third, or the fourth fault indication.