Multi-mode skid steering

• US 8,839,891 B2
• Filed: 09/08/2006
• Issued: 09/23/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Chun, Wendell H., Kaloust, Joseph H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Boehler, Anne Marie
• Assistant Examiner(s): WILLIAMS, MAURICE L
• Application Number:
  US11/530,129
• Publication Number:
  US 20070040341A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,937 Days
• Field of Search: 180/6.2, 180/6.48, 180/8.3, 701/41, 280/5.5, 280/5.501, 280/5.51
• US Class Current: 180/6.48
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 17/0162 mainly during a motion involving steering operation, e.g. cornering, overtaking B60G17/0164 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60G 2300/07 Off-road vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 1/283 for unmanned vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 11/001 control systems B62D11/183 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 11/003 Electric or electronic control systems
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 6/00 Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits means for initiating a change in direction B62D1/00; steering valves B62D5/06; combined with means for inclining the vehicle body or wheels on bends B62D9/00
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 61/10 with more than four wheels tractors of the low ground pressure type B62D49/002
• CPC Class Codes: B62D 61/12 with variable number of ground engaging wheels, e.g. with some wheels arranged higher than others, or with retractable wheels for manoeuvring purposes only B60S

Abstract

A method includes operating a wheeled vehicle including an articulated suspension system; and articulating the suspension system to skid steer the vehicle. A wheeled vehicle having an articulated suspension system includes a skid steering controller capable of articulating the suspension system to skid steer the vehicle. The skid steering controller may be implemented in software and may, but does not necessarily, include three stages for applying a differential torque, varying the traction of at least one wheel, and finely adjusting the wheel'"'"'s suspension to approach a critical damped response of the vehicle turning rate with respect to its commanded rate, respectively.

Claims

1. A method for skid steering, comprising:

applying a differential torque to each of a first side and a second side of a wheeled vehicle including an articulated suspension system, the first side having a plurality of first wheel assemblies and the second side having a plurality of second wheel assemblies;

articulating a subset of the plurality of first wheel assemblies to a height above a ground that is different from a height above the ground of each of the plurality of second wheel assemblies, to vary a cumulative traction of the plurality of first wheel assemblies with respect to a cumulative traction of the plurality of second wheel assemblies, and affect a turning capability of the wheeled vehicle; and

modifying the articulation to approach a critical damped response of a vehicle turning rate with respect to a commanded rate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the differential torque includes at least one of braking one side of the first side and the second side of the wheeled vehicle, accelerating one side of the first side and the second side of the wheeled vehicle, and rotating the plurality of first wheel assemblies on the first side in a first direction and rotating the plurality of second wheel assemblies in a second direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein articulating at least the plurality of first wheel assemblies includes rotationally articulating the plurality of first wheel assemblies.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein articulating at least the plurality of first wheel assemblies includes linearly articulating the plurality of first wheel assemblies.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein:

articulating the subset of the plurality of first wheel assemblies includes articulating the suspension system to vary a height of the subset of the plurality of first wheel assemblies with respect to the ground to skid steer the wheeled vehicle responsive to a turn command, wherein the height is varied based on an aggregate of a coarse height adjustment based on a coarse height command and a fine height adjustment based on a fine height command, wherein the fine height adjustment is no more than approximately ten percent of the coarse height adjustment.

6. A skid steer controller, comprising:

a first stage capable of applying a differential torque to each side of a first side and a second side of a vehicle;

a second stage capable of varying a traction of at least one wheel contacting a ground surface by articulating the at least one wheel, wherein the at least one wheel is on the first side of the vehicle and the traction is varied so that the traction at the least one wheel is different from a traction at all of the wheels on the second side of the vehicle; and

a third stage capable of finely adjusting a suspension of the at least one wheel to approach a critical damped response of a vehicle turning rate with respect to a commanded rate.

7. The skid steer controller of claim 6, wherein applying the differential torque includes at least one of braking one side of the first side and the second side, accelerating one side of the first side and the second side, and rotating the wheels on the first side and the second side in different directions.

8. The skid steer controller of claim 6, wherein articulating the at least one wheel includes rotationally articulating the at least one wheel.

9. The skid steer controller of claim 6, wherein articulating the at least one wheel includes linearly articulating the at least one wheel.

10. The skid steer controller of claim 6, wherein:

articulating the at least one wheel includes articulating the suspension to vary a height of the at least one wheel with respect to the ground surface to skid steer the vehicle responsive to a turn command, wherein the height is varied based on an aggregate of a coarse height adjustment based on a coarse height command and a fine height adjustment based on a fine height command, wherein the fine height adjustment is no more than approximately ten percent of the coarse height adjustment.

11. The skid steer controller of claim 6, wherein articulating the at least one wheel is in response to a turn command.

12. A method, comprising:

operating a wheeled vehicle including an articulated suspension system, wherein the wheeled vehicle has a first side having a plurality of first wheels and a second side having a plurality of second wheels, and the suspension system is configured to individually articulate each wheel of the plurality of first wheels and the plurality of second wheels; and

articulating the suspension system to skid steer the vehicle by articulating a subset of the plurality of first wheels to a height above a ground level that is different from a height above the ground level of each of the plurality of second wheels, to vary a cumulative traction at the plurality of first wheels with respect to a cumulative traction at the plurality of second wheels.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein articulating the suspension system includes varying the traction of one or more of the plurality of first wheels responsive to a turn command.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein articulating the suspension system includes articulating the suspension system to approach a critical damped response of a vehicle turning rate with respect to a commanded rate.

15. A method for skid steering, comprising:

applying a differential torque to each of a first side and a second side of a wheeled vehicle including an articulated suspension system, wherein the first side has at least three first wheel assemblies and the second side has at least three second wheel assemblies; and

articulating one wheel assembly of the at least three first wheel assemblies to a height above a ground that is different from a height above the ground of each of the plurality of second wheel assemblies, to vary a cumulative traction of the plurality of first wheel assemblies with respect to a cumulative traction of the plurality of second wheel assemblies, and affect a turning capability of the wheeled vehicle, wherein the articulated one wheel assembly is a middle wheel assembly.