Carbon dioxide separation method and apparatus

• US 8,840,704 B2
• Filed: 07/22/2010
• Issued: 09/23/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/27/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Original Assignee: Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
• Inventors: Shoji, Takatoshi, Kimura, Akira, Kishimoto, Teruo
• Primary Examiner(s): LAWRENCE JR, FRANK M
• Application Number:
  US13/386,219
• Publication Number:
  US 20120160099A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,524 Days
• Field of Search: 951/14, 951/15, 951/39, 951/48, 961/21, 961/44, 961/45, 961/53, 423228-230
• US Class Current: 95/115
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20405 Monoamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/2041 Diamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/102 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/25 Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/402 using two beds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4508 for cleaning air in buildings
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4575 in aeroplanes or space ships
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/025 with wetted adsorbents; Chromatography analytical chromatography G01N30/00 - G01N30/96; for liquids B01D15/08
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3248 the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3287 Layers in the form of a liquid
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3458 in the gas phase
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3466 with steam
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3483 by thermal treatment not covered by groups B01J20/3441 - B01J20/3475, e.g. by heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B63G 8/36 Adaptations of ventilation, e.g. schnorkels, cooling, heating, or air-conditioning reconditioning air in sealed chambers A62B11/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2

Abstract

A carbon dioxide separation method and a carbon dioxide separation apparatus capable of maintaining a carbon dioxide adsorption capacity for a long term by collecting an amine compound that evaporates during an operation of the apparatus and reloading the amine compound onto a carbon dioxide adsorbent. An amine collector and an amine aqueous solution preparation device are connected to an adsorbent-packed tank packed with a carbon dioxide adsorbent. An amine compound that evaporates from the carbon dioxide adsorbent during an operation of the apparatus is collected by the amine collector into the amine aqueous solution preparation device. The collected amine compound is reloaded onto the carbon dioxide adsorbent via a supply line.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide separation method using a first and a second carbon dioxide adsorbent which are porous materials loaded with an amine compound, the method comprising:

adsorbing carbon dioxide by causing a gas, which is to be treated, to come into contact with the first carbon dioxide adsorbent;

desorbing, from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent by using a heated gas stream, carbon dioxide that has been adsorbed to the first carbon dioxide adsorbent; and

reloading the amine compound onto the porous material of the first carbon dioxide adsorbent;

cooling, by using a gas stream, the first carbon dioxide adsorbent that has been heated by the heated gas stream in the desorbing step; and

introducing the gas stream that has cooled the first carbon dioxide adsorbent to the second carbon dioxide adsorbent, and capturing, with the second carbon dioxide adsorbent, the amine compound contained in the gas stream.

2. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 1, further comprising collecting the amine compound that has been desorbed from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein

the amine compound used in the amine reloading step includes the amine compound that has been collected in the amine collecting step.

3. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 2, wherein the amine collecting step comprises collecting the amine compound from the gas stream that has desorbed carbon dioxide from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent in the desorbing step.

4. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 1, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

5. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 1, wherein the heated gas stream is a mixture gas of air and steam.

11. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 2, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

12. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 3, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

13. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 2, wherein the heated gas stream is a mixture gas of air and steam.

14. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 3, wherein the heated gas stream is a mixture gas of air and steam.

15. The carbon dioxide separation method according to claim 4, wherein the heated gas stream is a mixture gas of air and steam.

6. A carbon dioxide separation apparatus using a first and a second carbon dioxide adsorbent which are porous materials loaded with an amine compound, the apparatus comprising:

a first adsorbent-packed tank packed with the first carbon dioxide adsorbent;

an air supplier configured to supply a gas to be treated, the gas containing carbon dioxide, to the first adsorbent-packed tank;

a heated gas stream supplier configured to supply a heated gas stream for use in desorbing, from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent, carbon dioxide that has been adsorbed to the first carbon dioxide adsorbent; and

an amine re-loading device configured to supply the amine compound to the porous material of the first carbon dioxide adsorbent;

a second adsorbent-packed tank packed with the second carbon dioxide adsorbent;

a cooling gas stream supplier configured to supply a cooling gas stream to the first carbon dioxide adsorbent from which carbon dioxide has been desorbed; and

an amine collector configured to introduce the gas stream that has cooled the first carbon dioxide adsorbent to the second adsorbent-packed tank, and to capture, with the second carbon dioxide adsorbent in the second adsorbent-packed tank, the amine compound that is contained in the gas stream.

7. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising:

an amine collector configured to collect the amine compound that has been desorbed from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent, wherein

the amine compound used in the reloading by the amine re-loading device includes the amine compound that has been collected by the amine collector.

8. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the amine collector collects the amine compound from the gas stream that has desorbed carbon dioxide from the first carbon dioxide adsorbent.

9. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

10. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the heated gas stream supplied from the heated gas stream supplier is a mixture gas of air and steam.

16. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

17. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the amine compound is monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or a mixture of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine.

18. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the heated gas stream supplied from the heated gas stream supplier is a mixture gas of air and steam.

19. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the heated gas stream supplied from the heated gas stream supplier is a mixture gas of air and steam.

20. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the heated gas stream supplied from the heated gas stream supplier is a mixture gas of air and steam.