Signal detecting device for detecting a difference signal for an electrical measurement of a vital parameter of a living being

• US 8,847,769 B2
• Filed: 10/27/2010
• Issued: 09/30/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forsching E.V.
• Original Assignee: Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forsching E.V.
• Inventors: Ershov, Sergey, Moersdorf, Hans-Joachim, Couronne, Robert, Rybalko, Ruslan
• Primary Examiner(s): Dvorak, Linda
• Assistant Examiner(s): ANTISKAY, BRIAN MICHAEL
• Application Number:
  US12/913,566
• Publication Number:
  US 20110125002A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,434 Days
• Field of Search: 744/84.R, 745/52, 745/58, 745/585, 180/272, 340/426.31, 340/439, 340/573.1, 340575-576, 600300-301, 600/372, 600/382, 600/384, 600/393, 600508-509, 600544-547
• US Class Current: 340/575
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0245 by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/18 for vehicle drivers or machine operators
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/30 Input circuits therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/305 Common mode rejection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/308 for electrocardiography [ECG]

Abstract

What is described are a signal detecting device for detecting a vital parameter of a living being, having a plurality of electrodes and an electrode selecting device for selecting a pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes such that a difference signal suitable for measuring the vital parameter is derivable, an electrode arrangement and a method.

Claims

1. A signal detecting device for determining a difference signal for an electrical measurement of a vital parameter of a living being, comprising:

a plurality of electrodes configured to contact the living being and provide electrode signals; and

an electrode selecting device configured to select a pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal from the plurality of electrodes based on the electrode signals so that a difference signal suitable for measuring the vital parameter is derivable from the electrode signals of the selected electrodes;

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to;

apply a reference signal to a first electrode from the plurality of electrodes,

to detect an electrode signal at a second electrode from the plurality of electrodes,

to decide, based on a signal strength of the electrode signal at the second electrode, whether the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently, and

to select, responsive to a decision that the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently well, the first electrode and the second electrode as the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal, or to mark the first electrode and the second electrode as candidate electrodes for the selection of the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal.

2. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to detect signals provided by individual electrodes from the plurality of electrodes and compare these signals to a reference signal or several reference signals so as to establish electrodes which are in electrically or capacitively coupled contact to the living being and enable same for a measurement of the difference signal.

3. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to compare, when selecting a pair of electrodes for measuring the vital parameter, a first difference signal of a first pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes to a second difference signal of a second pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes, and

to select that pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal for the electrical measurement of the vital parameter, comprising, when selecting, the greatest difference signal.

4. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to apply a reference signal to a first electrode from the plurality of electrodes so as to detect an electrode signal at a second electrode from the plurality of electrodes, and

to decide, based on a signal strength of the electrode signal at the second electrode, whether the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently, and

to, responsive to a decision that the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently well, mark the first electrode and the second electrode as a candidate pair for the selection of the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal for the electrical measurement of the vital parameters, and

to compare the difference signals of a plurality of candidate pairs to select that candidate pair from the plurality of candidate pairs as pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal for the electrical measurement of the vital parameter, which exhibit a greatest difference signal based on the comparison.

5. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 4,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to perform establishing the candidate pairs which contact the living being based on a search algorithm,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to iteratively apply a reference signal to mutually different reference electrodes from the plurality of electrodes and to detect an electrode signal from at least one non-reference electrode from the plurality of electrodes.

6. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

further comprising a reference electrode,

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to apply a reference potential and/or a reference signal to the reference electrode and to leave the reference electrode unconsidered when selecting the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal.

7. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

further comprising a storage device configured to detect a duration of contacting of the electrodes from the plurality of electrodes to the living being, and

to derive a contacting probability of the electrodes based on the duration of the contacting of the electrodes to the living being.

8. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 1,

wherein the plurality of electrodes are arranged in a motorcar (MC) so as to contact an MC user;

wherein at least a first electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged at or in an operating element of the MC; and

wherein at least a second electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged at or in a rest element of the MC.

9. The signal detecting device in accordance with claim 8, wherein the plurality of electrodes comprise a first group of electrodes and a second group of electrodes;

wherein the first group of electrodes is associated to a first body half of the MC user;

wherein the second group of electrodes is associated to a second body half of the MC user;

wherein the first group of electrodes is arranged to contact the first body half of the MC user; and

wherein the second group of electrodes is arranged to contact the second body half of the MC user; and

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to select the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal for the electrical measurement of a vital parameter such that a first electrode of the pair is from the first group of electrodes and a second electrode of the pair is from the second group of electrodes.

10. An electrode arrangement comprising:

a plurality of electrodes; and

an electrode selecting device configured to select a pair of electrodes for determining a difference signal from the plurality of electrodes based on the electrode signals so that a difference signal suitable for measuring a vital parameter of a living being is derivable from the electrode signals of the selected electrodes;

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to;

apply a reference signal to a first electrode from the plurality of electrodes, to detect an electrode signal at a second electrode from the plurality of electrodes, to decide, based on a signal strength of the electrode signal at the second electrode, whether the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently, to select, responsive to a decision that the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently well, the first electrode and the second electrode as the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal, or to mark the first electrode and the second electrode as candidate electrodes for the selection of the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal;

wherein the plurality of electrodes are arranged in a motorcar (MC) so as to contact an MC user;

wherein at least the first electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged at or in an operating element of the MC;

wherein at least the second electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged at or in a rest element of the MC; and

wherein the rest element is an armrest area, a door panel or a central arm panel.

11. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein the first electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged so as to contact a first hand or a first arm of the MC user;

and

wherein the second electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged so as to contact a second hand or a second arm of the MC user.

12. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

further comprising a reference electrode, the reference electrode being arranged in a driver'"'"'s seat of the MC so as to couple the MC user capacitively.

13. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein at least a third electrode from the plurality of electrodes is arranged at or in a security element of the MC.

14. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein at least one electrode from the plurality of electrodes comprises a metallized plastic layer.

15. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein at least one electrode from the plurality of electrodes comprises a layer made of conductive plastic.

16. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein at least one electrode from the plurality of electrodes is implemented to be a textile electrode.

17. The electrode arrangement in accordance with claim 10,

wherein at least one of the electrodes from the plurality of electrodes is implemented to be a capacitive electrode so as to couple the MC user capacitively.

18. A method for determining a difference signal for an electrical measurement of a vital parameter of a living being using a plurality of electrode signals from a plurality of electrodes, comprising:

a) detecting a plurality of electrode signals from the electrodes configured to contact the living being and provide electrode signals;

b) selecting a pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes based on the electrode signals such that a difference signal suitable for measuring the vital parameter is derivable from the electrode signals of the selected electrodes;

c) deriving a difference signal suitable for measuring the vital parameter from the electrode signals of the selected pair of electrodes;

d) applying a reference signal to a first electrode from the plurality of electrodes;

e) detecting an electrode signal at a second electrode from the plurality of electrodes;

f) deciding, based on a signal strength of the electrode signal at the second electrode, whether the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently; and

g) selecting, responsive to a decision that the first electrode and the second electrode contact the living being sufficiently well, the first electrode and the second electrode as the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal, or to mark the first electrode and the second electrode as candidate electrodes for the selection of the pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal.

19. A signal detecting device for determining a difference signal for an electrical measurement of a vital parameter of a living being, comprising:

a plurality of electrodes configured to contact the living being and provide electrode signals; and

an electrode selecting device configured to select a pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal from the plurality of electrodes based on the electrode signals so that a difference signal suitable for measuring the vital parameter is derivable from the electrode signals of the selected electrodes;

wherein the electrode selecting device is configured to compare, when selecting a pair of electrodes for measuring the vital parameter, a first difference signal of a first pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes to a second difference signal of a second pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes, and

to select that pair of electrodes for determining the difference signal for the electrical measurement of the vital parameter, comprising, when selecting, the greatest difference signal.