Pseudo-conductor antennas
First Claim
1. A method of configuring an antenna, comprising:
- selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property having a real part greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and
forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna to be directly on an electrically conducting surface without an insulator between the pseudo-conductor material and the electrically conducting surface, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance.
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0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Techniques, devices and systems use pseudo-conductor materials as antennas to receive or radiate electromagnetic energy for communications and other applications. Methods of configuring an antenna can include, in some implementations, selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property, wherein the electromagnetic constitutive property comprises a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property that is greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna shape configured, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance, such that the pseudo-conductor material formed in the antenna shape weakly guides an electromagnetic wave on the pseudo-conductor material using a leaky mode that is below cutoff to establish a field structure to radiate the emissions from the pseudo-conductor material that satisfy the antenna performance.
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Citations
39 Claims
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1. A method of configuring an antenna, comprising:
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selecting a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property having a real part greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property; and forming the pseudo-conductor material into an antenna to be directly on an electrically conducting surface without an insulator between the pseudo-conductor material and the electrically conducting surface, upon being excited, to radiate emissions that satisfy a predefined antenna performance. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. An antenna device, comprising:
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a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property which has a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property, the pseudo-conductor material configured to weakly guide displacement currents on the pseudo-conductor material to radiate or receive electromagnetic energy; and an antenna circuit coupled to the pseudo-conductor material and configured to excite the pseudo-conductor material to radiate the electromagnetic energy or to receive the electromagnetic energy received by the pseudo-conductor material. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. An antenna device, comprising:
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a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property which has a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property, the pseudo-conductor material configured to weakly guide displacement currents on the pseudo-conductor material to radiate or receive electromagnetic energy; an antenna circuit coupled to the pseudo-conductor material and configured to excite the pseudo-conductor material to radiate the electromagnetic energy or to receive the electromagnetic energy received by the pseudo-conductor material; an electrically conductive plane to which the pseudo-conductor material is directly engaged; and an electrically conductive loop having a first end connected to the electrically conductive plane at a location on a first side of the pseudo-conductor material without being in contact with the pseudo-conductor material, a loop section that passes over the pseudo-conductor material without being in contact with the pseudo-conductor material and a second end that is located on a second side of the pseudo-conductor material opposing the first side and is connected to the antenna circuit, wherein the antenna circuit includes a coaxial cable that is connected to the second end of the electrically conductive loop. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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31. An antenna device, comprising:
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a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property which has a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property, the pseudo-conductor material configured to weakly guide displacement currents on the pseudo-conductor material to radiate or receive electromagnetic energy; an antenna circuit coupled to the pseudo-conductor material and configured to excite the pseudo-conductor material to radiate the electromagnetic energy or to receive the electromagnetic energy received by the pseudo-conductor material; an electrically conductive plane to which the pseudo-conductor material is directly engaged; and an electrically conductive microstrip formed over the pseudo-conductor material and configured to have two terminals that are coupled to the antenna circuit, wherein the pseudo-conductor material includes an elongated section that crosses the electrically conductive microstrip and is located between the electrically conductive microstrip and the electrically conductive plane, and wherein the electrically conductive plane, the pseudo-conductor material and the electrically conductive microstrip form the antenna to radiate or receive the electromagnetic energy. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34)
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35. An antenna device, comprising:
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a pseudo-conductor material having an electromagnetic constitutive property which has a real part of the electromagnetic constitutive property greater than a corresponding imaginary part of the electromagnetic constitutive property, the pseudo-conductor material configured to weakly guide displacement currents on the pseudo-conductor material to radiate or receive electromagnetic energy; and an antenna circuit coupled to the pseudo-conductor material and configured to excite the pseudo-conductor material to radiate the electromagnetic energy or to receive the electromagnetic energy received by the pseudo-conductor material, wherein; the pseudo-conductor material is shaped as a pseudo-conductor loop that is configured to enclose a conductive or a dielectric or a lossy dielectric object and is coupled to the antenna circuit; and the pseudo-conductor loop is structured to operate with the conductive or the dielectric or the lossy dielectric object to radiate the electromagnetic energy from the antenna circuit or to receive the electromagnetic energy and to direct the received electromagnetic energy to the antenna circuit. - View Dependent Claims (36)
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37. An antenna device, comprising:
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a pseudo-conductor material that is not electrically conductive and exhibits either (1) a material permeability having a real part greater than a corresponding imaginary part and a relative permeability greater than a relative permittivity, or (2) a material permittivity having a real part greater than a corresponding imaginary part and having the relative permittivity greater than the relative permeability; an electrical conductor positioned relative to the pseudo-conductor material to electromagnetically coupled to the pseudo-conductor material; and an antenna circuit coupled to the pseudo-conductor material and the electrical conductor to supply a signal of electromagnetic energy to (1) excite one or more weakly guided electromagnetic modes in the pseudo-conductor material to cause radiation of the weakly guided electromagnetic energy or (2) receive electromagnetic energy that is received by the antenna circuit. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39)
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Specification