Electrically conductive nanotube composite sensor for medical application

• US 8,850,897 B2
• Filed: 02/16/2012
• Issued: 10/07/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/16/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 7-Sigma Inc.
• Original Assignee: 7-Sigma Inc.
• Inventors: Eichhorn, Wade R., Wyrobek, Kristian G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Noori, Max
• Application Number:
  US13/397,737
• Publication Number:
  US 20130218050A1
• Time in Patent Office: 964 Days
• Field of Search: 73774-777, 737/60, 727/77
• US Class Current: 73/774
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0261 Strain gauges
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0285 Nanoscale sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1036 Measuring load distribution, e.g. podologic studies
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6892 Mats
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/18 using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/20 by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids of piezo-resistive materials G01L1/18; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress

Abstract

A sensor and method of sensing dimensional changes, stress changes or pressure changes on a substrate uses a sensor in the following manner. Temporarily and non-destructively attach a piezoresistant sensor to a surface. The piezoresistant sensor has an electrically conductive elastic body having at least one pair of opposed ends, and the elastic body contains conductive nanotubes homogeneously distributed therein. The elastic body has at least one surface with two opposed ends and electrodes at each of the opposed ends. A current is passed through the elastic body between the two electrodes. The current passing through the elastic body is sensed (e.g., a voltmeter). A mechanical step is performed with or on the substrate, and the sensor measures changes in the current between the electrodes, indicating strain or pressure on the sensor.

Claims

1. A method of sensing dimensional changes, stress changes or pressure changes on a substrate attached to body parts within a patient'"'"'s body comprising:

temporarily and non-destructively attaching a piezoresistant sensor to a surface attached to a patient'"'"'s body, the piezoresistant sensor comprising an electrically conductive elastic body having at least one pair of opposed ends, and the elastic body consisting essentially of a single layer conductive nanotubes homogeneously distributed therein, the elastic body having at least one surface with two opposed ends and electrodes at each of the opposed ends of the single layer, passing a current through the elastic body between the two electrodes while within the patient'"'"'s body, sensing the current passing through the elastic body only through the single layer, performing a mechanical step on the substrate that causes stress, strain or elongation on the conductive elastic body while within the patient'"'"'s body, and measuring changes in the current between the electrodes on only the single layer.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the conductive elastic body comprises from 0.02% to 8% by total weight of homogeneously dispersed conductive nanotubes.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastic body comprises an elastomeric polymer which is comprised of a platinum-cured liquid silicone rubber composite having a hardness of between 10 and 60 Asker C and elastic elongation capability of at least 200% and the elastic body is elongated at least 200%.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the elastic body comprises an elastomeric polymer which is comprised of a platinum-cured liquid silicone rubber composite having a hardness of between 10 and 60 Asker C and elastic elongation capability of at least 200% and the elastic body is elongated at least 100%.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein the elastic body is elongated at least 100% and the electrical response of the composite is not compromised by more than 15%.

6. The method of claim 2 wherein measured changes in current between the electrodes is related by execution of code in a processor to a pressure, stress level or change in dimension of the conductive elastic body during performing of the mechanical step.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein after measured changes in current have been identified, removing the sensor from the substrate.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the sensor is detached from the substrate from attachment by hooks, pins or post grasping a mesh surface of the substrate.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the substrate comprises a mesh to support tissue, and the mechanical step performed is planting the mesh into a patient to support tissue.