Transmissive imaging and related apparatus and methods
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An apparatus, comprising:
- a plurality of radiation sources comprising a first radiation source, a second radiation source, and a third radiation source;
a plurality of radiation sensors configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the first, second, or third radiation sources, the plurality of radiation sensors including a first radiation sensor and a second radiation sensor, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; and
processing circuitry coupled to the first radiation sensor and the second radiation sensor and configured to receive and discriminate between, for each of the first and second radiation sensors, respective source signals emitted by the first, second, and third radiation sources,wherein the first radiation source, the second radiation source, and the first radiation sensor lie in a first plane, andwherein the second radiation source, the third radiation source, and the second radiation sensor lie in a second plane different than the first plane.
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Abstract
Apparatus and methods are described that include ultrasound imaging devices, which may operate in a transmissive ultrasound imaging modality, and which may be used to detect properties of interest of a subject such as index of refraction, density and/or speed of sound. Devices suitable for performing high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), as well as HIFU and ultrasound imaging, are also described.
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Citations
186 Claims
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1. An apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of radiation sources comprising a first radiation source, a second radiation source, and a third radiation source; a plurality of radiation sensors configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the first, second, or third radiation sources, the plurality of radiation sensors including a first radiation sensor and a second radiation sensor, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the first radiation sensor and the second radiation sensor and configured to receive and discriminate between, for each of the first and second radiation sensors, respective source signals emitted by the first, second, and third radiation sources, wherein the first radiation source, the second radiation source, and the first radiation sensor lie in a first plane, and wherein the second radiation source, the third radiation source, and the second radiation sensor lie in a second plane different than the first plane. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64)
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65. An apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of radiation sources configured to emit respective source radiation signals incident upon a volume to be characterized, the volume spanning orthogonal X, Y, and Z axes, the plurality of radiation sources occupying multiple locations in the X direction and multiple locations in the Y direction; a plurality of radiation sensors, including a first radiation sensor, separated from the plurality of radiation sources along the Z direction and configured to sense the respective source radiation signals emitted by the plurality of radiation sources, the plurality of radiation sensors occupying multiple locations in the X direction and multiple locations in the Y direction, the plurality of radiation sensors configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the plurality of radiation sources, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the plurality of radiation sensors and configured to receive and discriminate between, for each of the plurality of radiation sensors, the respective source signals of the plurality of radiation sources. - View Dependent Claims (66)
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67. An apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of radiation sources configured to emit respective source radiation signals directed to be incident across a surface area of a subject; a plurality of radiation sensors configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the plurality of radiation sources, the plurality of radiation sensors including first and second radiation sensors each configured to sense the respective source radiation signals, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the first and second radiation sensors and configured to receive and discriminate between, for each of the first and second radiation sensors, the respective source radiation signals emitted by the plurality of radiation sources. - View Dependent Claims (68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106)
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107. An apparatus, comprising:
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three radiation sources arranged in a multi-dimensional, non-linear arrangement and configured to produce respective source signals; a plurality of radiation sensors, including a first radiation sensor, configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the three radiation sources, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the plurality of radiation sensors and configured to receive and discriminate between, for at least one radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors, the respective source signals produced by the three radiation sources. - View Dependent Claims (108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152)
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153. An apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of radiation sources arranged nonlinearly in a first plane or three-dimensional space and configured to emit respective source signals through a volume to be characterized; a plurality of radiation sensors, including a first radiation sensor, arranged nonlinearly in a second plane or three-dimensional space and configured to oppose the first plane or three-dimensional space, and the volume, wherein each of the plurality of radiation sensors is configured to sense the source signals emitted by each of the plurality of radiation sources after the source signals pass through the volume, wherein each of the plurality of radiation sensors is configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the plurality of radiation sources, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the plurality of radiation sensors and configured to receive and discriminate between the source signals sensed by the plurality of radiation sensors, the received signals being indicative of at least one characteristic of the volume. - View Dependent Claims (154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168)
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169. An apparatus comprising:
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multiple arrays of ultrasound sources configured to emit respective source signals; an array of ultrasound sensors, including a first ultrasound sensor, configured to sense the respective source signals and receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more ultrasound sources in the multiple arrays of ultrasound sources, wherein the array of ultrasound sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first ultrasound sensor and its nearest neighboring ultrasound sensor in the array of ultrasound sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the array of ultrasound sensors and configured to receive and discriminate between, for at least one ultrasound sensor of the array of ultrasound sensors, the respective source signals of at least one ultrasound source from each of at least two arrays of the multiple arrays of ultrasound sources. - View Dependent Claims (170, 171, 172, 173, 174)
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175. An apparatus, comprising:
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a plurality of N×
M radiation sources forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional radiation source arrangement and configured to produce a first plurality of N×
M respective source signals, wherein N is greater than or equal to M;a plurality of X×
Y radiation sensors, including a first radiation sensor, forming a two-dimensional or three-dimensional radiation sensor arrangement, the plurality of radiation sensors configured to receive radiation of wavelength λ
emitted by one or more of the plurality of radiation sources, wherein the plurality of radiation sensors is sparsely arranged such that a spacing between the first radiation sensor and its nearest neighboring radiation sensor of the plurality of radiation sensors is greater than λ
/2; andprocessing circuitry coupled to the plurality of radiation sensors and configured to discriminate between greater than (X×
Y×
N) received signals from the N×
M respective source signals. - View Dependent Claims (176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186)
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Specification