Method and apparatus for increasing spectrum use efficiency in a mesh network

• US 8,855,136 B2
• Filed: 10/27/2011
• Issued: 10/07/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 03/03/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Walton, Jay Rodney, Nanda, Sanjiv
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Brian D
• Application Number:
  US13/283,492
• Publication Number:
  US 20120039340A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,076 Days
• Field of Search: 370/328, 370/329, 370/330, 370/343, 370/344, 370/406, 370/338, 370/462
• US Class Current: 370/462
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/542 using measured or perceived quality
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/0808 using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

Mesh Network Access Points (APs) points, including gateways and routers, are deployed over a geographic area. The APs monitor the communication channel for other carriers and transmit accordingly. The APs selectively co-transmit when other carriers are sensed, if the efficiency of the mesh network will improve. APs select a transmission rate based on observed carrier-to-interference ratios. APs use directional antennas to increase carrier-to-interference ratios and spectral efficiency. AP transmit schedules are adaptable and adjusted according to observed carrier-to-interference measurements.

Claims

1. A method of managing a communications resource in a mesh network, comprising:

monitoring a communication channel for a request-to-send message;

determining a bearing to the request-to-send message;

identifying a sector containing the bearing, wherein the identified sector conforms to a mesh network sectoring scheme;

dividing a frequency band into a plurality of tones, wherein each of the plurality of tones corresponds to a unique frequency within the frequency band;

assigning a unique tone from the plurality of tones in the frequency band to the sector containing the bearing based on the identity of the sector and based on a frequency division multiple access scheme designed to distribute frequencies among sectors in accordance with the mesh network sectoring scheme; and

transmitting data modulated on the assigned frequency tone to the sector.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mesh network utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA).

3. Non-transitory machine-readable medium comprising instructions that upon execution cause a machine to:

monitor a communication channel for a request-to-send message;

determine a bearing to the request-to-send message;

identify a sector containing the bearing, wherein the identified sector conforms to a mesh network sectoring scheme;

divide a frequency band into a plurality of tones, wherein each of the plurality of tones corresponds to a unique frequency within the frequency band;

assign a unique tone from the plurality of tones in the frequency band to the sector containing the bearing based on the identity of the sector and based on a frequency division multiple access scheme designed to distribute frequencies among sectors in accordance with the mesh network sectoring scheme; and

transmit data modulated on the assigned frequency tone to the sector.

4. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 3, wherein the each router in a neighborhood utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA).

5. An apparatus for managing a communications resource in a mesh network, comprising:

a gateway configured to monitor a communication channel for a request-to-send message, configured to determine a bearing to the request-to-send message, configured to identify a sector containing the bearing, wherein the identified sector conforms to a mesh network sectoring scheme, configured to divide a frequency band into a plurality of tones, wherein each of the plurality of tones corresponds to a unique frequency within the frequency band, configured to assign a unique tone from the plurality of tones in the frequency band to the sector containing the bearing based on the identity of the sector and based on a frequency division multiple access scheme designed to distribute frequencies among sectors in accordance with the mesh network sectoring scheme, and configured to transmit data modulated on the assigned frequency tone to the sector.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the mesh network utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA).

7. An apparatus for managing a communications resource in a mesh network, comprising:

means for monitoring a communication channel for a request-to-send message;

means for determining a bearing to the request-to-send message;

means for identifying a sector containing the bearing, wherein the identified sector conforms to a mesh network sectoring scheme;

means for dividing a frequency band into a plurality of tones, wherein each of the plurality of tones corresponds to a unique frequency within the frequency band;

means for assigning a unique tone from the plurality of tones in the frequency band to the sector containing the bearing based on the identity of the sector and based on a frequency division multiple access scheme designed to distribute frequencies among sectors in accordance with the mesh network sectoring scheme; and

means for transmitting data modulated on the assigned frequency tone to the sector.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the mesh network utilizes Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA).