NEMS sensors for cell force application and measurement
First Claim
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1. An apparatus for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
- a first platform suspended across a first opening between two walls or anchor points, using first support legs, wherein the first platform is able to move horizontally in a first plane of the first opening; and
a first piezoresistive strain sensor integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs, wherein the first piezoresistive strain sensor is configured to measure strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platforma second platform suspended across the first opening using second support legs, wherein the second platform is able to move horizontally in the first plane of the first opening; and
a second piezoresistive strain sensor integrated into the second platform, wherein the second piezresistive strain sensor is configured to measure strain induced in the second support legs when the second platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the second platform;
wherein;
the first platform and the second platform are positioned within a threshold distance of each other;
a cell is placed on each platform and an adherens junction is formed in a gap between the first platform and the second platform; and
a change in force exerted between the first cell and the second cell is measured as a displacement by the first piezoresistive strain sensor and the second piezoresistive strain sensor.
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Abstract
An apparatus, system, device, and method provide the ability to measure forces a cell exerts on its surroundings. A platform is suspended across an opening using support legs. The platform is able to move horizontally in a plane of the opening. A piezoresistive strain sensor is integrated into the platform and measures strain induced in the support legs when the platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the platform.
31 Citations
14 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
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a first platform suspended across a first opening between two walls or anchor points, using first support legs, wherein the first platform is able to move horizontally in a first plane of the first opening; and a first piezoresistive strain sensor integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs, wherein the first piezoresistive strain sensor is configured to measure strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platform a second platform suspended across the first opening using second support legs, wherein the second platform is able to move horizontally in the first plane of the first opening; and a second piezoresistive strain sensor integrated into the second platform, wherein the second piezresistive strain sensor is configured to measure strain induced in the second support legs when the second platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the second platform; wherein; the first platform and the second platform are positioned within a threshold distance of each other; a cell is placed on each platform and an adherens junction is formed in a gap between the first platform and the second platform; and a change in force exerted between the first cell and the second cell is measured as a displacement by the first piezoresistive strain sensor and the second piezoresistive strain sensor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. An apparatus for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
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a first platform suspended across a first opening between two walls or anchor points, using first support legs, wherein the first platform is able to move horizontally in a first plane of the first opening; a first piezoresistive strain sensor integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs, wherein the first piezoresistive strain sensor is configured to measure strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platform; and an actuator configured to control horizontal movement of the first platform, wherein; the actuator spans between a rigid electrode and the first platform; and the rigid electrode applies bias to the actuator. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7)
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8. A method for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
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moving a first platform horizontally in a first plane of a first opening between two walls or anchor points, wherein the first platform is suspended across the first opening using first support legs; and measuring strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platform, wherein the strain is measured using a first piezoresistive strain sensor that is integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs; wherein; the displacement of the first platform depends linearly on a force applied to move the first platform; a constant of proportionality of the linear dependence is measured; and based on the constant of proportionality, the force is measured.
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9. A method for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
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moving a first platform horizontally in a first plane of a first opening between two walls or anchor points, wherein the first platform is suspended across the first opening using first support legs; measuring strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platform, wherein the strain is measured using a first piezoresistive strain sensor that is integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs; moving a second platform horizontally in the first plane of the first opening, wherein a second platform is suspended across the first opening using second support legs; placing a cell on each platform to form an adherens junction in a gap between the first platform and the second platform; and measuring, using a second piezoresistive strain sensor that is integrated into the second platform, strain induced in the second support legs when the second platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the second platform; wherein; the first platform and the second platform are positioned within a threshold distance of each other; a change in force exerted between the first cell and the second cell is measured as a displacement by the first piezoresistive strain sensor and the second piezoresistive strain sensor. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11)
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12. A method for measuring forces a cell exerts on its surroundings comprising:
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moving a first platform horizontally in a first plane of a first opening between two walls or anchor points, wherein the first platform is suspended across the first opening using first support legs; and measuring strain induced in the first support legs when the first platform moves horizontally thereby measuring displacement of the first platform, wherein the strain is measured using a first piezoresistive strain sensor that is integrated into the first platform through at least two of the first support legs; wherein; an actuator controls horizontal movement of the first platform; the actuator spans between a rigid electrode and the first platform; and the rigid electrode applies bias to the actuator. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14)
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Specification