Electroplating apparatus for tailored uniformity profile
First Claim
1. An electroplating apparatus for electroplating a metal on a substrate, the apparatus comprising:
- (a) a plating chamber configured to contain an electrolyte, and an anode;
(b) a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate;
(c) an auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode housed in a separate chamber, wherein an exposure of plating current from the auxiliary electrode is through at least one channel that delivers current into a region of the plating chamber near the periphery of the substrate over an arc angle of less than about 120 degrees and(d) a controller comprising program instructions for electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate, and while providing power to the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode in correlation with the rotation of the substrate, such that the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode donates plating current to a first portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position of the substrate differently than to a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods of electroplating metal on a substrate while controlling azimuthal uniformity, include, in one aspect, providing the substrate to the electroplating apparatus configured for rotating the substrate during electroplating, and electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate relative to a shield such that a selected portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position dwells in a shielded area for a different amount of time than a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular (azimuthal) position. For example, a semiconductor wafer substrate can be rotated during electroplating slower or faster, when the selected portion of the substrate passes through the shielded area.
78 Citations
15 Claims
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1. An electroplating apparatus for electroplating a metal on a substrate, the apparatus comprising:
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(a) a plating chamber configured to contain an electrolyte, and an anode; (b) a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate; (c) an auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode housed in a separate chamber, wherein an exposure of plating current from the auxiliary electrode is through at least one channel that delivers current into a region of the plating chamber near the periphery of the substrate over an arc angle of less than about 120 degrees and (d) a controller comprising program instructions for electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate, and while providing power to the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode in correlation with the rotation of the substrate, such that the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode donates plating current to a first portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position of the substrate differently than to a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. An electroplating apparatus for electroplating a metal on a substrate, the apparatus comprising:
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(a) a plating chamber configured to contain an electrolyte and a shield; (b) a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate; and (c) a controller comprising program instructions for electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate relative to the shield such that a selected portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position dwells in a shielded area for a different amount of time than a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. An electroplating apparatus for electroplating a metal on a substrate, the apparatus comprising:
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(a) a plating chamber configured to contain an electrolyte, an anode, and an azimuthally asymmetric auxiliary electrode; (b) a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate; and (c) a controller comprising program instructions for electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate, and while providing power to the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode in correlation with the rotation of the substrate, such that the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode diverts and/or donates plating current to a first portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position of the substrate differently than to a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position, further comprising program instructions for;
during electroplating rotating a shield having a generally annular body with a removed segment, wherein the shield is positioned in close proximity of the substrate, and wherein the rotation is not synchronized with the substrate rotation and wherein the rotation optimizes flow of electrolyte in the proximity of the substrate.
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13. A method of electroplating a metal on a substrate while controlling azimuthal uniformity, the method comprising:
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(a) providing the substrate into an electroplating apparatus configured for rotating the substrate during electroplating, while the substrate is held by a substrate holder, wherein the electroplating apparatus comprises a plating chamber configured for holding an anode, a shield and an electrolyte; and (b) electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate relative to the shield such that a selected portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position dwells in a shielded area for a different amount of time than a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position.
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14. A method of electroplating a metal on a substrate while controlling azimuthal uniformity, the method comprising:
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(a) providing the substrate into an electroplating apparatus configured for rotating the substrate during electroplating, while the substrate is held by a substrate holder, wherein the electroplating apparatus comprises;
(i) a plating chamber configured for holding an anode, and an electrolyte, and (ii) an auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode housed in a separate chamber, wherein an exposure of plating current from the auxiliary electrode is through at least one channel that delivers current into a region of the plating chamber near the periphery of the substrate over an arc angle of less than about 120 degrees; and(b) electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate, and while providing power to the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode in correlation with the rotation of the substrate, such that the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode donates plating current to a first portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position of the substrate differently than to a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position.
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15. A method of electroplating a metal on a substrate while controlling azimuthal uniformity, the method comprising:
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(a) providing the substrate into an electroplating apparatus configured for rotating the substrate during electroplating, while the substrate is held by a substrate holder, wherein the electroplating apparatus comprises (i) a plating chamber configured for holding an anode, an auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode and an electrolyte, and (ii) a shield having a generally annular body with a removed segment, wherein the shield is positioned in close proximity of the substrate; and (b) electroplating the metal on the substrate while rotating the substrate, and while providing power to the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode in correlation with the rotation of the substrate, such that the auxiliary azimuthally asymmetric electrode diverts and/or donates plating current to a first portion of the substrate at a selected azimuthal position of the substrate differently than to a second portion of the substrate having the same average arc length and the same average radial position and residing at a different angular azimuthal position, further comprising rotating the shield during electroplating, wherein the rotation of the shield is not synchronized with the substrate rotation and wherein the rotation optimizes flow of electrolyte in the proximity of the substrate.
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Specification