Flexible identification systems and related methods

• US 8,860,575 B2
• Filed: 11/29/2011
• Issued: 10/14/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/29/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Arizona Board of Regents (University of Arizona)
• Original Assignee: Arizona Board of Regents (University of Arizona)
• Inventors: Allee, David R., Clark, Lawrence T., Alford, Terry L., Balanis, Constantine A., Aberle, James T., Baugh, Kevin
• Primary Examiner(s): Tweel, Jr., John A
• Application Number:
  US13/306,750
• Publication Number:
  US 20120070158A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,050 Days
• Field of Search: 340/572.1, 340/572.7, 340/572.8, 340/10.1
• US Class Current: 340/572.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/025 the material being flexible or adapted for folding, e.g. paper or paper-like materials used in luggage labels, identification tags, forms or identification documents carrying RFIDs methods for testing the genuineness of valuable papers, e.g. banknotes or passports G07D7/00; constructional features of booklets and the like B42D
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/027 the material being suitable for use as a textile, e.g. woven-based RFID-like labels designed for attachment to laundry items markings attached to laundry items in general D06F93/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07766 comprising at least a second communication arrangement in addition to a first non-contact communication arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0235 where the received signal is a power saving command
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Embodiments of flexible identification systems are described herein. Other embodiments and related methods are also disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

an apparatus comprising;

a plastic substrate;

a beacon circuit comprising;

a transmitter module coupled to the plastic substrate;

an antenna supported by the plastic substrate and coupled to the transmitter module;

one or more supporting components supported by the plastic substrate;

a watchdog module coupled to the transmitter module;

a wireless receiver coupled to the watchdog module;

a memory coupled to the watchdog module;

an identification code stored in the memory; and

an internal clock coupled to the watchdog module;

and

a power source coupled to the plastic substrate to power the transmitter module;

wherein;

the plastic substrate is flexible;

the transmitter module is configured to alternate between;

a sleep mode to conserve a charge of the power source; and

an active mode for transmission of a beacon signal via the beacon circuit;

the watchdog module is configured to;

use the antenna to scan for a wake-up signal during the sleep mode; and

enable the active mode upon receipt of the wake-up signal;

the identification code is configured to define one or more sequential time ratios between receipt of two or more pulses of the wake-up signal; and

the watchdog module enables the active mode when the wireless receiver receives the two or more pulses of the wake-up signal sequentially separated by the one or more sequential time ratios defined by the identification code.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the apparatus further comprises;

a switch coupled to the beacon circuit to enable the active mode when actuated.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the apparatus is configured to be inconspicuously embedded in clothing.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the beacon circuit is configured to emit the beacon signal to be decipherable at a range of at least approximately 1 kilometer.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the power source comprises a battery configured to power the beacon circuit to emit the beacon signal for at least approximately 24 hours.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the apparatus further comprises;

one or more infrared emitters coupled to the beacon circuit and configured to emit an intermittent infrared pulse when the active mode is enabled.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a detection mechanism comprising;

one or more detection antennas; and

a signal detector comprising;

a scanner coupled to the one or more detection antennas;

a memory module configured to additively store signal counts and noise counts as scan data from repeated scans of the scanner; and

a signal averaging module to parse the signal counts from the noise counts in the scan data to decipher the beacon signal.

8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a detection mechanism comprising;

one or more detection antennas; and

a signal detector comprising;

a scanner coupled to the one or more detection antennas;

a memory module configured to store a plurality of frequency samples from the scanner; and

a frequency analyzer module to detect a fundamental frequency of the beacon signal out of the plurality of frequency samples.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a detection mechanism comprising at least one of a Yagi antenna or a synthetic Doppler antenna;

wherein the detection mechanism is configured to detect the beacon signal at a distance of approximately 1 kilometer when the beacon signal is transmitted by the beacon circuit at a power ratio of approximately 10 dBm.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the beacon circuit further comprises;

a COTS integrated circuit comprising the transmitter module and coupled to the plastic substrate; and

a crystal coupled to the transmitter module to set a transmission frequency for the beacon signal.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the beacon circuit further comprises;

an ASIC circuit in bare die form comprising the transmitter module and coupled to the plastic substrate.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein:

the ASIC circuit comprises a thickness of less than approximately 100 micrometers and is configured to flex along with the plastic substrate.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the beacon circuit is configured to emit the beacon signal as an intermittent UHF radio pulse via the antenna.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the beacon circuit is configured to emit the beacon signal as a UWB signal at a frequency of over 1 gigahertz.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the transmitter module is configured to generate the beacon signal as a UWB signal at a transmission frequency of over 1 gigahertz without using a frequency-setting crystal.

16. A method comprising:

providing a plastic substrate;

forming a beacon circuit over the plastic substrate;

providing a power source over the plastic substrate to power the beacon circuit; and

providing a detection mechanism to detect a beacon signal emitted by a transmitter module of the beacon circuit;

wherein;

the plastic substrate is flexible;

forming the beacon circuit comprises;

providing an antenna over the plastic substrate;

providing the transmitter module over the plastic substrate to couple to the antenna; and

providing one or more supporting components over the plastic substrate to couple to the transmitter module;

and

providing the detection mechanism comprises;

providing a scanner coupled to one or more detection antennas; and

providing a signal processor coupled to the scanner and comprising at least one of;

a signal averaging module to decipher the beacon signal by parsing signal counts and noise counts out of scanned data from the scanner;

or

a frequency analyzer module to detect a fundamental frequency of the beacon signal out of a plurality of frequency samples captured by the scanner.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the antenna comprises forming the antenna over the plastic substrate; and

providing the one or more supporting components comprises forming the one or more supporting components over the plastic substrate.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the plastic substrate comprises;

providing a shape of the plastic substrate to be inconspicuously embedded in clothing.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

providing one or more infrared emitters at the plastic substrate and coupled to the beacon circuit to emit infrared pulses.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

providing an activation switch to enable the beacon circuit when actuated.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the transmitter module comprises;

providing the transmitter module to alternate between;

a sleep mode to conserve a charge of the power source; and

an active mode for transmitting a beacon signal via the beacon circuit.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

providing a watchdog module coupled to the beacon circuit to;

scan the antenna for a wake-up signal during the sleep mode; and

enable the active mode upon receipt of the wake-up signal.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the transmitter module comprises;

configuring the transmitter module to emit via the antenna a beacon signal detectable at a range of at least approximately one kilometer and comprising at least one of;

a intermittent UHF radio pulse;

or

an UWB signal at a frequency of over 1 gigahertz.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the transmitter module comprises;

providing a COTS integrated circuit coupled to the plastic substrate; and

providing a crystal module coupled to the COTS integrated circuit.

25. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the transmitter module comprises;

mounting an ASIC bare die over the plastic substrate.

26. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the transmitter module comprises;

providing an ASIC bare die with a thickness of less than approximately 100 micrometers; and

mounting the ASIC bare die over the plastic substrate to be flexible along with the plastic substrate.

27. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the signal processor comprises;

providing the signal averaging module to decipher the beacon signal by parsing the signal counts and the noise counts out of the scanned data from the scanner.

28. The method of claim 16, wherein:

providing the signal processor comprises;

providing the frequency analyzer module to detect the fundamental frequency of the beacon signal out of the plurality of frequency samples captured by the scanner.

29. A system comprising:

an apparatus comprising;

a plastic substrate;

a beacon circuit comprising;

a transmitter module coupled to the plastic substrate and configured to emit a beacon signal detectable at a range of at least approximately 1 kilometer;

an antenna supported by the plastic substrate and coupled to the transmitter module;

one or more solid state components supported by the plastic substrate;

a watchdog module comprising an internal clock and coupled to the antenna;

a memory module coupled to the watchdog module;

an identification code stored in the memory module and configured to define one or more time ratios between sequential receipt of two or more RF pulses of a wake-up signal; and

an ASIC bare die coupled to the plastic substrate and comprising at least one of the transmitter module, the watchdog module, or the memory module;

and

a battery coupled to the plastic substrate and configured to power the transmitter module for at least approximately 24 hours;

wherein;

the apparatus comprises a shape configured to be inconspicuously embedded in clothing;

the transmitter module is configured to alternate between;

a sleep mode to conserve a charge of the battery; and

an active mode for transmission of the beacon signal;

the beacon signal comprises an UWB signal at a frequency of over 1 gigahertz;

the beacon circuit is configured to emit the beacon signal absent a frequency-setting crystal;

the watchdog module is configured to;

use the antenna to scan for the wake-up signal during the sleep mode; and

enable the active mode when the wake-up signal received complies with the identification code;

the plastic substrate is flexible; and

the ASIC bare die comprises a thickness of between approximately 50 micrometers to approximately 100 micrometers and is configured to flex along with the plastic substrate.

30. The system of claim 29, further comprising:

a detection mechanism comprising;

one or more detection antennas comprising at least one of;

a Yagi antenna;

or

a synthetic Doppler Antenna;

a signal detector configured to detect the beacon signal at a distance of at least approximately 1 kilometer when the beacon signal is transmitted by the beacon circuit at a power ratio of approximately 10 dBm;

the signal detector comprising;

a scanner coupled to the one or more detection antennas; and

at least one of;

a signal averaging module coupled to the scanner to decipher the beacon signal by parsing signal counts and noise counts out of scanned data from the scanner;

or

a frequency analyzer module coupled to the scanner to detect a fundamental frequency of the beacon signal out of a plurality of frequency samples captured by the scanner.