Area tracking systems and methods of tracking electronic devices

• US 8,867,996 B2
• Filed: 01/14/2011
• Issued: 10/21/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 01/14/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Alcatel-Lucent SA (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Alcatel-Lucent SA (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Wengrovitz, Michael, Janiszewski, Tom, Zhou, Qiru
• Primary Examiner(s): DEAN, RAYMOND S
• Application Number:
  US13/006,840
• Publication Number:
  US 20120184209A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,376 Days
• Field of Search: 455/41.1, 455/41.2, 455/518, 455/519, 709/227
• US Class Current: 455/41.2
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/125 involving control of end-device applications over a network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/28 Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/20 Services signaling; Auxiliary data signalling, i.e. transmitting data via a non-traffic channel

Abstract

Area tracking systems including a plurality of short range sensors that are communicatively connected to a server and methods of tracking electronic devices. The electronic devices are tracked by polling for the electronic devices, the polling including transmission of electronic addresses corresponding to the electronic devices and determining whether a reply to the poling is received. The electronic addresses are each stored on one of a plurality of lists. Each of the lists may be polled at a different frequency and may include a different number of electronic device addresses.

Claims

1. An area tracking system, comprising:

a server connected to a network; and

a plurality of sensors connected to the server, the sensors configured to poll for electronic devices by broadcasting poll messages, at least one of the electronic devices operating in a non-discoverable mode such that the at least one electronic device is not broadcasting a device access code, the poll message including the device access code of an associated electronic device, the poll message configured to instruct the electronic device to transmit an acknowledgement upon receipt of poll message, the acknowledgement including the device access code, wherein the sensors are configured to poll a first plurality of the electronic devices at a greater frequency than a second plurality of the electronic devices.

2. The area tracking system of claim 1, wherein

the sensors are configured to maintain first and second lists including device access codes of the electronic devices, and to poll for electronic devices corresponding to device access codes of the first list at a greater frequency than for electronic devices corresponding to device access codes of the second list, and

the sensors are configured to detect any of the electronic devices in range of the sensors that respond to the polling including electronic devices operating in the non-discoverable mode, and to communicate the detection, or a change in the detection, to the server.

3. The area tracking system of claim 1, further comprising:

a plurality of wireless access points connected to the network,

wherein at least one of the sensors is a wireless sensor connected to the server through at least one of the wireless access points, and

the wireless sensor is configured in an access-point-client mode to establish a client into the wireless access point.

4. The area tracking system of claim 1, wherein

at least one of the sensors is a wired sensor connected directly to the network, and

the wired sensor is configured as a wireless access point.

5. The area tracking system of claim 1, wherein

the sensors poll for the electronic devices using a short range transmitter to broadcast the poll message, and

the device access code is a Bluetooth Media Access Control (MAC) address.

6. The area tracking system of claim 5, wherein the short range transmitter broadcasts a signal detectable by an electronic device in a range from about 1 to about 100 meters.

7. The area tracking system of claim 6, wherein the sensors are spatially distributed such that a scanning area of at least one of the sensors does not overlap with a scanning area of any other sensor.

8. The area tracking system of claim 3, further comprising:

a Location-Based Services (LBS) server connected to the server though the network.

9. The area tracking system of claim 2, wherein

the server is configured in a high-availability and redundant mode, and

the sensors are configured to exchange command and control messages with the server.

10. The area tracking system of claim 2, wherein the server is configured to update the first and second lists by instructing the sensors to add or remove device access codes from the first and second lists based on the communication of detection, or the change of the detection, of any of the plurality of electronic devices.

11. A method of tracking a plurality of electronic devices using a plurality of sensors connected to a server, the method comprising:

polling, by a sensor, for a first electronic device by broadcasting a poll message associated with the first electronic device, the first electronic device operating in a non-discoverable mode such that the first electronic device is not broadcasting a device access code, the poll message including the device access code of the first electronic device, the poll message configured to instruct the first electronic device to transmit an acknowledgement upon receipt of poll message, the acknowledgement including the device access code;

determining whether the first electronic device is within range of the sensor based on whether or not the acknowledgement is received by the sensor within a period of time; and

transmitting, to a server, data relating to a position of the first electronic device wherein the first electronic device is one of a plurality of first electronic devices and the sensor is configured to poll the plurality of first electronic devices at a greater frequency than a plurality of second electronic devices.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

polling, by the sensor, for a second electronic device of the plurality of second electronic devices upon one of receiving the acknowledgement from the first electronic device and expiration of the period of time.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

publishing presence information to a Location-Based Services (LBS) server,

wherein the transmitting of the data relating to the position of the first electronic device includes transmitting the device access code of the first electronic device and sensor identification information to the server upon determining that the first electronic device is within range of the sensor, and

the presence information is published based on the data relating to the position of the first electronic device.

14. A method of tracking a plurality of electronic devices using a plurality of sensors connected to a server, the method comprising:

maintaining, by a first sensor, first and second lists including a plurality of electronic device addresses corresponding to a plurality of electronic devices, at least one of the electronic devices operating in a non-discoverable mode such that the electronic device is not broadcasting a device access code;

sequentially polling, by the first sensor, for the plurality of electronic devices by sequentially broadcasting poll messages that are each associated with one of the electronic devices, the poll messages including the device access code of an associated one of the plurality of electronic devices, each of the poll messages configured to instruct the associated electronic device to transmit an acknowledgement upon receipt of poll message, the acknowledgement including the device access code;

determining whether one of the plurality of electronic devices is in range of the first sensor based on whether or not the acknowledgement is received by the first sensor within a first period of time; and

transmitting, to a server, data relating to a position of the one of the electronic devices wherein the sequentially polling the plurality of electronic devices sequentially polls the electronic devices corresponding to a first one of the first and second lists at a greater frequency than the electronic devices corresponding to a second one of the first and second lists.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sequential polling by the first sensor includes sequentially polling for electronic devices corresponding to the first list until a second period of time elapses, and then sequentially polling for electronic devices corresponding to the second list until a third period of time elapses.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, during the sequential polling of the electronic devices corresponding to the first list, upon determining that one of the electronic devices corresponding to the first list is in range, a device access code of the in range electronic device is moved to the second list, and

the transmitting of the data relating to the position of the one of the electronic devices includes transmitting sensor identification information of the first sensor and the device access code of the in range electronic device.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein, during the sequential polling of the electronic devices corresponding to the first list, upon determining that one of the electronic devices corresponding to the first list is out of range, a next one of the electronic devices corresponding to the first list is polled.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein, during the sequential polling of the electronic devices corresponding to the second list, upon determining that one of the electronic devices corresponding to the second list is in range, a next one of the electronic devices corresponding to the second list is polled.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein during the sequential polling for the electronic devices corresponding to the second list, upon determining that one of the electronic devices of the second list is out of range, a device access code of the out of range electronic device is one of moved to the first list and removed from the second list, and

the transmitting of the data relating to the position of the one of the electronic devices includes transmitting sensor identification information of the first sensor and the device access code of the out of range electronic device.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

receiving, at the server, the sensor identification information of the first sensor and the device access code of the in range electronic device; and

instructing, by the server, removal of the device access code of the in range electronic device from at least one of first and second lists maintained by a second sensor.

21. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

instructing, by the server, removal of a device access code from the first and second lists of the first sensor based on a priori information that an electronic device corresponding to the device access code cannot be in range of the first sensor.

22. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

publishing presence information to a Location-Based Services (LBS) server based on the data relating to the position of the one of the electronic devices.

23. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

generating the first and second lists by enrollment and registration,

wherein enrollment includes extracting at least one device access code from at least one of a form, an electronic mail (email) and a web interface entry, and

registration includes detecting the at least one device access code at a kiosk.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the detection of the at least one device access code at the kiosk includes emulating, by the kiosk, the operation of a pairing electronic device, and

automatically detecting the at least one device access code during a pairing process between the at least one electronic device and the kiosk.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the detection of the at least one device access code at the kiosk includes detecting the at least one device access code from an existing communication link between the at least one electronic device and a paired electronic device.