Interleaved data communications via power line

• US 8,875,003 B1
• Filed: 12/22/2011
• Issued: 10/28/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Landis+Gyr Inc. (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Original Assignee: Landis+Gyr Inc. (Landis+Gyr Group AG)
• Inventors: Wolter, Chad, Bonicatto, Damian
• Primary Examiner(s): Decady, Albert
• Assistant Examiner(s): KABIR, ENAMUL MD
• Application Number:
  US13/334,626
• Time in Patent Office: 1,041 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 714/784
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/09 Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/1515 Reed-Solomon codes
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/27 using interleaving techniques
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/2906 using block codes H03M13/2957 takes precedence

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed towards communications over current-carrying power distribution lines. In accordance with one or more embodiments, respective sets of utility-based data indicative of a reading of utility usage taken at different times are communicated. First sets of the data corresponding to readings taken during a first time period are communicated and, thereafter, second sets of the data corresponding to readings taken during a second time period are communicated and interleaved with portions of error correction code (ECC) data. Prior to receiving at least some of the ECC data, the first sets of data are interpreted and access is provided to the interpreted data. After all of the ECC data has been received, the ECC data is used to verify the first sets of data, correct the first sets of data, and access to is provided to the verified first sets of data.

Claims

1. A method for communicating sets of utility-based data over power distribution lines carrying alternating current, each set of utility-based data being indicative of a reading of utility usage, the method comprising:

communicating, over the power distribution lines carrying alternating current, encoded first sets of the utility-based data respectively corresponding to readings of the utility usage taken at different times during a first time period;

communicating, over the power distribution lines carrying alternating current, encoded second sets of the utility-based data respectively corresponding to readings of the utility usage taken at different times during a second time period, the second sets of the utility-based data being interleaved with portions of error correction code (ECC) data for the first sets of the utility-based data;

prior to receiving the portions of ECC data, interpreting and providing access to the first sets of utility-based data; and

subsequent to receiving the ECC data, using the ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data, and providing access to the verified first sets of utility-based data.

2. The method of claim 1,

further including generating the ECC data based upon the first sets of the utility-based data, and interleaving portions of the ECC data with ones of the second sets of the utility-based data, and

wherein using the received ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data includes combining the portions of ECC data received with ones of the second sets of utility-based data, and using the combined ECC portions to verify the entire first sets of utility-based data.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the encoded first sets of the utility-based data are encoded using a Reed-Solomon block coding and wherein the ECC data is parity data for the entire encoded first sets of the utility-based data.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein interpreting and providing access to the first sets of utility-based data includes demodulating and providing access to the first sets of utility-based data before validating the sets of utility-based data.

5. The method of claim 1, further including communicating with a plurality of endpoint devices to receive the respective sets of utility-based data corresponding to a reading of metered power.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein each one of the second sets of utility-based data is interleaved with an encoded portion of the ECC data, the portions of the ECC data interleaved with the second sets of utility-based data including all of the ECC data.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the respective sets of utility-based data include sets of utility usage data received from at least two utility meters that respectively meter power provided via the alternating current.

8. The method of claim 1, further including partitioning the ECC data into a number of portions corresponding to a number of the second sets of utility-based data, and interleaving respective different portions of the ECC data with respective ones of the second sets of utility-based data.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein communicating encoded first sets of the utility-based data and communicating encoded second sets of the utility-based data with interleaved portions of ECC data includes modulating the respective sets of data and interleaved ECC data.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein communicating the first and second sets of utility-based data include communicating the sets of data during respective communication cycles, further including, for each of a multitude of subsequent communication cycles, communicating sets of utility-based data for that communication cycle interleaved with ECC data generated from utility-based data for a previous one of the communication cycles.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein using the ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data, and providing access to the verified first sets of utility-based data, includes using the ECC data to correct a transmission-based error in one of the first sets of utility-based data and providing access to the corrected one of the first sets of utility-based data.

12. A method for communicating utility-usage data over alternating-current (AC) power distribution lines, the method comprising:

receiving and storing a first set of utility-usage data;

encoding the first set of utility-usage data according to a transmission protocol;

transmitting, over at least one of the AC power distribution lines, the encoded first set of utility-usage data;

after transmitting the first set of utility-usage data, receiving and storing a second set of utility-usage data that is different than the first set of utility-usage data;

encoding the second set of utility-usage data according to the transmission protocol;

transmitting, over at least one of the AC power distribution lines, the encoded second set of utility-usage data;

generating error correction code (ECC) data based upon both the first and second sets of utility-usage data, and storing the ECC data;

receiving, after transmitting the second set of utility-usage data, a third set of utility-usage data that is different than the first and second sets of utility-usage data;

interleaving respective portions of the stored ECC data with portions of the third set of utility-usage data to generate interleaved data;

encoding the interleaved data according to the transmission protocol; and

transmitting, over at least one of the AC power distribution lines, the encoded interleaved data.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein

the first and second sets of utility-usage data are communicated during a first time period for which the ECC data is provided, the first and second sets of utility-usage data being transmitted over the AC power distribution lines in raw form for access during the first time period, and

the third set of utility-usage data is provided with the interleaved ECC data during a second time period after the first time period, the interleaved ECC data provided during the second time period being combined and used to correct the first and second sets of utility usage data, and the corrected first and second sets of utility-usage data are provided for access during a third time period after the second time period.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein generating error correction code data includes generating Reed-Solomon error correction code data.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the utility-usage data includes one or more of electrical usage, peak energy use, gas usage water usage, status data and diagnostic data.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the first and second set of utility-usage data are received and transmitted during the course of a first time period and wherein the error correction code is transmitted over the course of a subsequent time period.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the transmission protocol is configured to allow demodulation of the first set of utility-usage data independent from demodulation of the second set of utility-usage data and wherein generating the error correction requires prior knowledge of both the first set of utility-usage data and the second set of utility-usage data.

18. The method of claim 12,

wherein transmitting the first and second sets of utility-based data include transmitting the sets of data during a first communication cycle,

wherein transmitting the encoded interleaved data includes transmitting the data during a second communication cycle immediately after the first communication cycle, and

further including, for each of a multitude of subsequent communications cycles, interleaving sets of utility-usage data for the communication cycle with ECC data generated from utility-usage data for a previous one of the communication cycles.

19. An apparatus comprising:

a communication circuit configured and arranged to communicate signals carried on a power distribution line carrying alternating current; and

a processing circuit configured and arranged to

communicate, via the communication circuit and over the power distribution lines carrying alternating current, encoded first sets of utility-based data respectively corresponding to readings of utility usage taken at different times during a first time period,

communicate, via the communication circuit and over the power distribution lines carrying alternating current, encoded second sets of utility-based data respectively corresponding to readings of utility usage taken at different times during a second time period, the second sets of utility-based data being interleaved with portions of error correction code (ECC) data for the first sets of utility-based data,

prior to receiving the portions of ECC data, interpret and provide access to the first sets of utility-based data, and

subsequent to receiving the ECC data, use the ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data, and provide access to the verified first sets of utility-based data.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to encode the first and second sets of utility-based data based upon a communication protocol for communicating the utility-based data with alternating current on the power distribution line, and to transmit the encoded sets of utility-based data on the power distribution line, via the communication circuit.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to communicate the first and second sets of utility-based data by receiving the data via the power distribution line.

22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein

the processing circuit includes first and second processing circuits that communicate over the power distribution line,

the first processing circuit is configured and arranged to encode the first and second sets of utility-based data based upon a communication protocol for communicating the utility-based data with alternating current on the power distribution line, and to transmit the encoded sets of utility-based data on the power distribution line, via the communication circuit, and

the second processing circuit is configured and arranged to

receive the utility-based data via the power distribution line, interpret and provide access to the first sets of utility-based data, and

subsequent to receiving the ECC data, use the ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data, and provide access to the verified first sets of utility-based data.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the communication circuit is a transceiver configured and arranged to send and receive signals via the power distribution line.

24. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to

generate the ECC data based upon the first sets of the utility-based data, and

interleave portions of the ECC data with ones of the second sets of the utility-based data.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to use the received ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data by combining the portions of ECC data received with ones of the second sets of utility-based data, and using the combined ECC portions to verify the entire first sets of utility-based data.

26. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to encode the utility-based data using a Reed-Solomon block coding, and to generate the ECC data by generating parity data for the entire encoded first sets of the utility-based data.

27. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to interpret and provide access to the first sets of utility-based data by demodulating and providing access to the first sets of utility-based data before validating the sets of utility-based data.

28. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to partition the ECC data into a number of portions corresponding to a number of the second sets of utility-based data, and interleave respective different portions of the ECC data with respective ones of the second sets of utility-based data.

29. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to

communicate the first and second sets of utility-based data by communicating the sets of data during respective communication cycles, and

for each of a multitude of subsequent communication cycles, communicate sets of utility-based data for that communication cycle interleaved with ECC data generated from utility-based data for a previous one of the communication cycles.

30. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit is configured and arranged to use the ECC data to verify the first sets of utility-based data and provide access to the verified first sets of utility-based data by using the ECC data to correct a transmission-based error in one of the first sets of utility-based data and providing access to the corrected one of the first sets of utility-based data.