Vertebral surface preparation instrument

• US 8,876,828 B2
• Filed: 04/23/2009
• Issued: 11/04/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ranier Limited
• Original Assignee: Ranier Limited
• Inventors: Lawson, Jonathan, Johnson, Scott, Snell, Robert A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bates, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): HANNA, SAMUEL SALEEB
• Application Number:
  US12/428,801
• Publication Number:
  US 20100274299A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,021 Days
• Field of Search: 451/356, 451/357, 451/359, 606/86.R, 606/79, 606 83- 85
• US Class Current: 606/86.R
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1659 Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1671 for the spine
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/320028 with reciprocating movements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/034 abutting on parts of the device itself

Abstract

An instrument for preparing a surface of a vertebra, such as a vertebral endplate, for receipt of a spinal disc implant. The instrument includes a working tool with implements on one or more surfaces of the working tool that act on the vertebral surface. The instrument includes a rotary-to-linear translation system to cause the working tool to move; for example, from side-to-side, top-to-bottom, or along a path that includes side-to-side and top-to-bottom aspects. The rotary-to-linear translation system may include a drive shaft having a cam pin at a distal end, and a cam follower slot at an anterior end of the working tool.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for preparing an endplate surface of a vertebra, the instrument comprising:

a working end including a pivot pin and a working tool, said working tool configured for insertion between adjacent vertebras, said working tool having working implements for preparing the vertebral endplate surface, wherein said working tool is arranged at said working end and is associated with said pivot pin for pivoting about said pivot pin, and wherein said working tool includes a cam follower; and

a rotatable drive shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, said driveshaft including a cam located at said drive shaft distal end, wherein said cam is operatively associated with said cam follower to pivot said working tool about said pivot pin to prepare the vertebral surface in response to rotation of said rotatable drive shaft relative to said working tool and about a longitudinal axis of said rotatable drive shaft, when the rotatable drive shaft is coupled with the working tool, wherein said cam is a cam pin extending from said distal end of said drive shaft, wherein said cam follower is a cam follower slot provided in said working tool, wherein said cam follower slot is adapted to receive said cam pin, wherein said working tool includes an elongated slot that is counter-bored with respect to said cam follower slot, wherein said elongated slot is adapted to receive said distal end of said drive shaft, wherein said elongated slot and said cam follower slot extend in different directions, and wherein said working tool pivots about said pivot pin relative to said rotatable drive shaft.

13. The surgical instrument recited in claim 1, wherein said cam is operatively associated with said cam follower to pivot said working tool from top-to-bottom.

14. The surgical instrument recited in claim 1, wherein said cam is operatively associated with said cam follower to pivot said working tool about a path that includes side-to-side and top-to-bottom aspects.

33. The surgical instrument recited in claim 1, wherein said cam is operatively associated with said cam follower to pivot said working tool from side-to-side.

2. The surgical instrument recited in 1, wherein said working tool includes an anterior end and said counter-bored elongated slot is located at said interior end.

3. The surgical instrument recited in 1, wherein said working end further includes a frame configured to mount to said working tool.

4. The surgical instrument recited in 3, wherein said pivot pin extends between said working tool and said frame.

5. The surgical instrument recited in 4, wherein said frame and said working tool are removable as a unit from said instrument.

6. The surgical instrument recited in 5, wherein said working tool includes a recess for receiving a portion of said frame, at least one interior surface of said working tool being exposed by said recess, and said pivot pin is located on said at least one interior surface.

7. The surgical instrument recited in 6, wherein said at least one interior surface comprises a pair of opposed interior surfaces of said working tool exposed by said recess, and said pivot pin extends between said pair of opposed interior surfaces.

8. The surgical instrument recited in 3, wherein said working tool has a farthest extent of sweep in a first direction and in a second direction, and said working tool projects beyond said frame when said working tool is in its farthest extent of sweep in said respective directions.

9. The surgical instrument recited in 1, further including a tube, wherein said drive shaft extends within said tube.

10. The surgical instrument recited in 9, further including a frame configured to mount to said working tool, and a mount associated with said tube configured to support said frame.

11. The surgical instrument recited in 10, wherein said frame is removably engaged to said tube associated mount.

12. The surgical instrument recited in 11, further including a handle coupled to said drive shaft.

15. A surgical instrument for preparing an endplate surface of a vertebra, the instrument comprising:

an elongated tube;

a rotatable drive shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, said drive shaft including a cam located at said drive shaft distal end;

a working tool configured for insertion between adjacent vertebras and having at least one surface with a working implement for preparing the vertebral endplate surface, said working tool being arranged for pivotal movement in at least one of a side-to-side direction and a top-to-bottom direction relative to said rotatable drive shaft, and wherein said working tool includes a cam follower;

a frame connected to said tube and mounting said working tool; and

a mount supported by said tube for engaging with said frame, said cam and said cam follower being coupled when said mount and said frame are engaged, whereby rotation of said rotatable drive shaft about a longitudinal axis of said rotatable drive shaft, when said cam and cam follower are coupled with each other, causes said working tool to pivot in at least one of said side-to-side direction and said top-to-bottom direction, wherein said working tool includes an elongated slot that is counter-bored with respect to said cam follower, wherein the elongated slot is adapted to receive said distal end of said drive shaft, wherein said cam is a cam pin extending from said distal end of said drive shaft, wherein said cam follower is a cam follower slot provided in said working tool, wherein said cam follower slot is adapted to receive said cam pin, and wherein said elongated slot and said cam follower slot extend in different directions.

21. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said frame has a planar form and a U-shape.

22. The surgical instrument recited in claim 21, wherein said frame includes a pair of legs, each leg having a proximal segment including a latch for engaging with said mount.

23. The surgical instrument recited in claim 22, wherein each of said pair of legs further includes a second latch in opposition to said proximal segment latch.

24. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said frame includes a pair of legs, each of said pair of legs including a proximal segment, a first converging segment and a second acutely converging segment, and said pair of legs coincide at a junction of said second acutely converging segments along which is located a sweep axis of said working tool.

25. The surgical instrument recited in claim 22, wherein the proximal segment of each leg includes a cam feature to facilitate inward compression of said proximal segment during entry into the mount on the surgical instrument body.

26. The surgical instrument recited in claim 22, wherein each of said pair of legs further includes a first converging segment and a second acutely converging segment, with said pair of legs coinciding at a junction of said second acutely converging segments along which is located a sweep axis of said working tool.

27. The surgical instrument recited in claim 26, wherein said frame includes an inwardly extending shoulder proximal of said first converging segment.

28. The surgical instrument recited in claim 22, wherein each of said pair of legs includes an outwardly bowed proximal segment.

29. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said frame has a distal end that defines a compound opening including a distal triangular shape and a proximal quadrilateral shape.

30. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said working tool includes a recess defining a standoff, said standoff having a compound shape including a distal triangular shape and a proximal quadrilateral shape.

31. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said frame includes a centerline and a sweep axis of said working tool is normal to and aligned with said centerline.

32. The surgical instrument recited in claim 15, wherein said working tool is arranged for movement about a path that includes side-to-side and top-to-bottom aspects.

16. The surgical instrument recited in 15, wherein said frame and said working tool are removable as a unit from said instrument.

17. The surgical instrument recited in 15, wherein said working tool includes a recess for receiving a portion of said frame, at least one interior surface of said working tool being exposed by said recess, and a pivot pin located on said at least one interior surface.

18. The surgical instrument recited in 17, wherein said at least one interior surface comprises opposed interior surfaces of said working tool exposed by said recess, and a pivot pin extends between said opposed interior surfaces.

19. The surgical instrument recited in 15, wherein said working tool has a farthest extent of sweep in a first direction and in a second direction, and said working tool projects beyond said frame when said working tool is in its farthest extent of sweep in said respective directions.

20. The surgical instrument recited in 15, further including a handle coupled to said drive shaft.

34. A surgical instrument for preparing an endplate surface of a vertebra, the instrument comprising:

a working end including a working tool configured for insertion between adjacent vertebras, said working tool having working implements for preparing the vertebral endplate surface and being arranged at said working end for movement in a combination of a side-to-side direction and a top to-bottom directions, wherein the working tool includes a counter-bored elongated slot and a cam follower slot located in the counter-bored elongated slot, and wherein the elongated slot and the cam follower slot extend in different directions;

a rotatable drive shaft having a proximal end and a distal end, a cam pin extending from the distal end of the drive shaft, wherein the distal end of the driveshaft is received in the counter-bored elongated slot and the cam pin is received in the cam follower slot, wherein the working tool moves in the combination of the side-to-side direction and the top-to-bottom direction to prepare the vertebral endplate surface in response to rotation of the rotatable drive shaft relative to the cam follower slot and about a longitudinal axis of said rotatable drive shaft, when the rotatable drive shaft is coupled with the working tool, and wherein the working tool is arranged for movement in the combination of side-to-side direction and top-to-bottom direction relative to the rotatable drive shaft.