Wireless power receiver

• US 8,878,394 B2
• Filed: 10/21/2010
• Issued: 11/04/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Irish, Linda S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman, Jared
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pham, Duc M
• Application Number:
  US12/909,747
• Publication Number:
  US 20110204723A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,475 Days
• Field of Search: 307/104
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments are directed to conveying wireless power received at a receive antenna to a load. A method may include coupling each terminal of the antenna to a ground voltage during a charging phase for storing energy within the antenna. The method may further include coupling at least one terminal of the antenna to an output during an output phase for transferring energy from the antenna to the output.

Claims

1. A method for conveying energy from a wireless power receiver to a load, the method comprising:

during a charging phase for storing energy, actuating a first switching element to couple a first terminal of a receive antenna receiving wireless power to a reference voltage and actuating a second switching element to couple a second terminal of the receive antenna to the reference voltage, the receive antenna located in a coupling-mode region of a transmit antenna and receiving the wireless power from the transmit antenna while operatively coupled with the transmit antenna; and

during an output phase for transferring the energy from the receive antenna to an output coupled to the load, actuating only one of the first switching element or the second switching element to decouple only one of the first terminal or the second terminal from the reference voltage.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, during the output phase, coupling the first terminal to the output while the second terminal is coupled to the reference voltage.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising, during another output phase, coupling the second terminal to the output while the first terminal is coupled to the reference voltage.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the receive antenna receives wireless power at an inductor having one terminal coupled to a first capacitor and a second terminal coupled to a second capacitor.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising sensing a current in each terminal of the receive antenna.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising, during the output phase, coupling the first terminal to the output upon a current in the second terminal exceeding a threshold current level.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first switching element comprises at least one first transistor and the second switching element comprises at least one second transistor.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least one first transistor comprises a first pair of transistors that are actuated in opposite phase to one another and the at least one second transistor comprises a second pair of transistors that are actuated in opposite phase to one another.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising conveying energy from the output to a battery of an electronic device.

10. A method for conveying energy from a wireless power receiver to a load, the method comprising:

coupling each of a first terminal and a second terminal of a receive antenna to a reference voltage while the receive antenna is wirelessly receiving energy from a transmit antenna for storing;

decoupling one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna from the reference voltage and coupling the one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna to an output while the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna is coupled to the reference voltage during an output phase for transferring stored energy from the receive antenna to the output; and

decoupling the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna from the reference voltage and coupling the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna to the output while the one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna is coupled to the reference voltage during another output phase for transferring stored energy from the receive antenna to the output.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein coupling each of the first terminal and the second terminal of the receive antenna to the reference voltage comprises selectively coupling the first terminal of the receive antenna to the reference voltage via a first switching element and selectively coupling the second terminal of the receive antenna to the reference voltage via a second switching element.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising sensing a voltage drop across at least one of the first switching element and the second switching element.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein coupling one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna to the output during the output phase comprises coupling the first terminal to the output via a third switching element in response to a voltage drop across the one of the first switching element or the second switching element being sufficiently high.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein coupling the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna to the output during another output phase comprises selectively decoupling the second terminal from the reference voltage and coupling the second terminal to the output via a fourth switching element.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein coupling one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the receive antenna to the output during the output phase comprises selectively decoupling the first terminal from the reference voltage and coupling the first terminal to the output via a third switching element.

16. The method of claim 11, further comprising sensing a current through at least one of the first terminal or the second terminal.

17. A receiver for conveying energy from a transmitter to a load, the receiver located in a coupling-mode region of a transmit antenna of the transmitter, the receiver comprising:

a receive antenna; and

a plurality of switching elements comprising;

at least one switching element configured to selectively couple or decouple a first terminal of the receive antenna to or from an output and to or from a reference voltage; and

at least one other switching element configured to selectively couple or decouple a second terminal of the receive antenna to or from the output and to or from the reference voltage, the at least one switching element and the at least one other switching element operable independently of one another.

18. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the at least one other switching element is responsive to a current flowing between ground and the first terminal and the at least one switching element is responsive to another current flowing between ground and the first terminal.

19. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the receive antenna comprise a one-turn inductor coupled between matching capacitors.

20. The receiver of claim 17, wherein each switching element of the plurality of switching elements comprises a transistor.

21. The receiver of claim 17, wherein the receive antenna is configured to operate at a frequency suitable for at least one of electric vehicle charging or inductive coupling.

22. The receiver of claim 17, further comprising a first current sense comparator configured to compare a current through the first terminal of the receive antenna to a threshold current and a second sense comparator configured to compare a current through the second terminal of the receive antenna to the threshold current.

23. A device for conveying energy from a transmitter to a load, the device located in a coupling-mode region of a transmit antenna of the transmitter, the device comprising:

a receive antenna including first and second terminals, wherein each of the first and second terminals of the receive antenna is coupled to a reference voltage during a charging phase for storing energy;

a first current sense comparator configured to compare a current through the first terminal of the receive antenna with a threshold current; and

a plurality of switching elements, wherein at least one switching element is configured to selectively couple the second terminal of the receive antenna to an output when the current through the first terminal of the receive antenna is greater than the threshold current.

24. The device of claim 23, wherein the first current sense comparator is configured to compare a current through a positive terminal of the receive antenna to the threshold current.

25. The device of claim 23, further comprising a second current sense comparator is configured to compare a current through the second terminal of the receive antenna with the threshold current, and at least one other switching element is configured to selectively couple the first terminal of the receive antenna to the output when the current through the second terminal of the receive antenna is greater than the threshold current.

26. The device of claim 23, wherein the first current sense comparator is configured to convey a first control signal to the at least one switching element of the plurality of switching elements to decouple the second terminal of the receive antenna from a reference voltage and a second control signal to the at least one switching element of the plurality of switching elements to couple the second terminal of the receive antenna to the output.

27. The device of claim 23, wherein the output is coupled to a battery of an electronic device.

28. A device for conveying energy from a transmitter to a load, the device located in a coupling-mode region of a transmit antenna of the transmitter, the device comprising:

means for receiving wireless power including first and second terminals;

means for coupling each of the first and second terminals of the means for receiving wireless power to a reference voltage during a charging phase for storing energy; and

means for decoupling the first terminal of the means for receiving wireless power from the reference voltage and coupling the first terminal to an output during an output phase for transferring energy from the means for receiving wireless power to the output while the second terminal of the means for receiving wireless power is coupled to the reference voltage; and

means for decoupling the second terminal from the reference voltage and coupling the second terminal to the output during another output phase for transferring energy from the means for receiving wireless power to the output while the first terminal is coupled to the reference voltage.

29. The device of claim 28, wherein the means for decoupling the first terminal from the reference voltage and coupling the first terminal to the output is operable independently of the means for decoupling the second terminal from the reference voltage and coupling the second terminal to the output.

30. The device of claim 28, further comprising means for sensing a current in each of a positive terminal of the means for receiving wireless power and a negative terminal of the means for receiving wireless power.

31. A device for conveying energy from a transmitter to a load, the device located in a coupling-mode region of a transmit antenna of the transmitter, the device comprising:

means for receiving wireless power including first and second terminals;

means for coupling each of the first and second terminals of the means for receiving wireless power to a reference voltage while receiving energy therewith for storing energy;

first means for coupling one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the means for receiving wireless power to an output during an output phase for transferring energy from the means for receiving wireless power to the output; and

second means for coupling the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the means for receiving wireless power to the output during another output phase for transferring energy from the means for receiving wireless power to the output, the first means and the second means operable independently from one another.

32. The device of claim 31, further comprising means for selectively coupling the first terminal of the means for receiving wireless power to the reference voltage via a first switching element and selectively coupling the second terminal of the means for receiving wireless power to the reference voltage via a second switching element.

33. The device of claim 31, further comprising means for comparing a current through at least one of the first terminal or the second terminal to a threshold current.