Inclination measurement devices and methods of use

• US 8,881,414 B2
• Filed: 09/09/2013
• Issued: 11/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 08/17/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Magnum Staffing Services Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Magnum Staffing Services Incorporated
• Inventors: Barnes, Matthew J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bennett, G. Bradley
• Application Number:
  US14/021,060
• Publication Number:
  US 20140026428A1
• Time in Patent Office: 428 Days
• Field of Search: 333/02, 333/03, 333/04, 333/06, 333/12, 333/14
• US Class Current: 33/304
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/022 of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/024 of devices in the borehole determining slope or direction of the borehole E21B47/022
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/18 through the well fluid , e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 1/00 Measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 2009/107 spheres
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 9/10 by using rolling bodies , e.g. spheres, cylinders, mercury droplets

Abstract

Downhole tools are provided for measuring the inclination of a portion of a drill string. In certain embodiments, downhole tools for measuring inclination comprise a catch system for measuring inclination and a pressure pulse signaling system for communicating inclination measurement information to the surface. Catch systems for measuring inclination include a series of disc mounted on an upper shaft, each disc having a ball disposed thereon.

Claims

1. A downhole tool for measuring and communicating inclination of the downhole tool comprising:

a housing having an inner surface and a flow conduit therein, the flow conduit having a plurality of passage restrictions;

a knob movable axially within the flow conduit, the knob adapted to interact with the passage restrictions to cause a flow restriction when the knob is adjacent a passage restriction;

wherein the knob is operably connected to an upper shaft;

a plurality of discs axially movable by the upper shaft, wherein at least some of the discs have a surface angled with respect to the axis of the upper shaft and wherein at least one of the discs has a disc/shaft angle which different than the disc/shaft angle of another of the discs;

wherein a first disc corresponds to a first passage restriction and a second disc corresponds to a second passage restriction, such that passage of the knob past the first passage restriction corresponds to passage of the first disc by the catch pocket, and location of the knob adjacent the second passage restriction corresponds to location of the second desk adjacent the catch pocket;

balls disposed on at least some of the discs;

a catch pocket located within the housing;

wherein sufficient inclination of the downhole tool causes at least one of the balls to move on the ball'"'"'s disc from non-engagement with the catch pocket to engagement with the catch pocket to arrest the upper shaft from movement in an axial direction and to position the knob adjacent the engaged ball'"'"'s disc'"'"'s corresponding passage restriction, causing a flow restriction at the corresponding passage restriction; and

wherein the downhole tool is capable of communicating its angle of inclination via a pressure pulse.

2. The downhole tool of claim 1, wherein the flow conduit comprises at least four consecutive passage restrictions therein, the plurality of discs comprises at least four discs, and the downhole tool further comprises a biasing mechanism located and adapted to bias the knob in a first direction.

3. The downhole tool of claim 2, wherein the angles between the upper surfaces successive discs differ by at least 0.5°

, and wherein at least one upper surface defines an angle with respect to the upper shaft that is a negative angle such that no inclination of the upper shaft is required to cause a ball corresponding to the at least one disc to engage the catch pocket when axial movement of the upper shaft causes the ball to pass adjacent to the catch pocket.

4. The downhole tool of claim 2, wherein the knob is movable axially within the flow conduit upon the influence of the flow of fluid in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction, and the knob includes a surface area which is large enough that the flow of fluid in the second direction is capable of displacing the knob in the second direction, the knob being adapted to interact with the passage restrictions to cause a flow restriction within the flow conduit when the knob is adjacent a passage restriction relative to when the knob is not adjacent a passage restriction;

and

wherein the downhole tool is capable of communicating its angle of inclination via pressure pulses signaling the highest angle disc which has its ball engaged with the catch pocket.

5. A downhole tool for determining inclination of a portion of a drill string comprising:

a housing having a flow conduit therein for the flow of fluid;

an upper shaft located within the housing and axially movable within the housing in a first direction and a second direction;

a plurality of discs axially movable by the upper shaft, wherein a first disc has a surface angled relative to the upper shaft, wherein the first disc'"'"'s surface and the upper shaft define a first disc/shaft angle;

wherein a second disc has a surface angled relative to the upper shaft, wherein the second disc'"'"'s surface and the upper shaft define a second disc/shaft angle;

wherein the first disc/shaft angle is different from the second disc/shaft angle;

one or more balls disposed on the surface of the first disc;

one or more balls disposed on the surface of the second disc; and

a catch pocket disposed on the housing;

wherein upon sufficient inclination of the upper shaft and sufficient movement of the upper shaft in the first direction, at least one of the balls is capable of moving away from the upper shaft to engage the catch pocket to arrest the upper shaft from further axial movement in the first direction; and

wherein the downhole tool is capable of communicating its angle of inclination via a pressure pulse.

6. The downhole tool of claim 5, further comprising:

a knob operably connected to the upper shaft;

the upper shaft is biased in the first direction;

the knob is movable due to the flow of drilling fluid in the second direction,

wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction;

the flow conduit having at least four passage restrictions therein;

wherein the knob is movable within the flow conduit and adapted to interact with the passage restrictions to cause a greater flow restriction when the knob is adjacent one of the passage restrictions relative to when the knob is not adjacent one of the passage restrictions; and

wherein the position of the knob within the flow conduit is capable of communicating by inclination of the downhole tool pressure pulse signaling.

7. The downhole tool of claim 6, wherein, the plurality of discs comprises at least four discs, and the downhole tool further comprises a biasing mechanism located and adapted to bias the knob in a first direction.

8. The downhole tool of claim 7, wherein the angles between the upper surfaces successive discs differ by at least 0.5°

, and wherein at least one upper surface defines an angle with respect to the upper shaft that is a negative angle such that no inclination of the upper shaft is required to cause a ball corresponding to the at least one disc to engage the catch pocket when axial movement of the upper shaft causes the ball to pass adjacent to the catch pocket.

9. The downhole tool of claim 7, wherein the knob is movable axially within the flow conduit upon the influence of the flow of fluid in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction, and the knob includes a surface area which is large enough that the flow of fluid in the second direction is capable of displacing the knob in the second direction, the knob being adapted to interact with the passage restrictions to cause a flow restriction within the flow conduit when the knob is adjacent a passage restriction relative to when the knob is not adjacent a passage restriction;

and

wherein the downhole tool is capable of communicating its angle of inclination via pressure pulses signaling the highest angle disc which has its ball engaged with the catch pocket.

10. A method for determining the inclination of a downhole tool relative to a gravity vector comprising:

using a downhole tool comprising;

a housing having a flow conduit therein for a flow of fluid there through, the flow conduit having a plurality of passage restrictions therein;

a knob operably connected to the upper shaft and movable axially within the flow conduit, wherein the knob is capable of causing a flow restriction when the knob is adjacent one or more of the passage restrictions;

wherein the knob is movable due to the flow of fluid in a second direction wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction;

a plurality of discs operably connected to the upper shaft, wherein a surface of each disc is angled with respect to the upper shaft, wherein each top surface defines an angle with respect to the upper shaft, wherein each angle is different from the other angles;

one or more balls disposed on each of the discs;

a catch pocket located in the housing;

wherein sufficient inclination of the downhole tool causes at least one of the balls to move from a non-engaged position where the upper shaft may move axially, to an engaged position where the ball engages the catch pocket to arrest the upper shaft from axial movement in the first direction;

wherein the knob is adapted to pass passage restrictions corresponding to discs which pass the catch pocket and to stop adjacent a passage restriction corresponding to the disc which does not pass by the catch pocket, causing a flow restriction;

moving the upper shaft relative to the catch pocket so one or more balls engage the catch pocket to arrest axial movement of the upper shaft in the first direction to create pressure pulses in the fluid corresponding to passage restrictions through which the knob passes, the pressure pulses communicating the downhole tool'"'"'s inclination relative to a gravity vector;

and determining the downhole tool'"'"'s inclination relative to a gravity vector from the pressure pulses.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the flow conduit comprises at least four consecutive passage restrictions therein, the plurality of discs comprises at least four discs, and the downhole tool further comprises a biasing mechanism located and adapted to bias the knob in a first direction.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the angles between the upper surfaces successive discs differ by at least 0.5°

, and wherein at least one upper surface defines an angle with respect to the upper shaft that is a negative angle such that no inclination of the upper shaft is required to cause a ball corresponding to the at least one disc to engage the catch pocket when axial movement of the upper shaft causes the ball to pass adjacent to the catch pocket.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the knob is movable axially within the flow conduit upon the influence of the flow of fluid in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite the first direction, and the knob includes a surface area which is large enough that the flow of fluid in the second direction is capable of displacing the knob in the second direction, the knob being adapted to interact with the passage restrictions to cause a flow restriction within the flow conduit when the knob is adjacent a passage restriction relative to when the knob is not adjacent a passage restriction;

and

wherein the downhole tool is capable of communicating its angle of inclination via pressure pulses signaling the highest angle disc which has its ball engaged with the catch pocket.