Signal based gain control

• US 8,886,148 B2
• Filed: 09/24/2010
• Issued: 11/11/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/26/2010
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Budianu, Petru Cristian, Julian, David Jonathan, Ekbal, Amal
• Primary Examiner(s): Pan, Yuwen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wang, Fanghwa
• Application Number:
  US12/890,004
• Publication Number:
  US 20110294449A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,509 Days
• US Class Current: 455/245.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/765 with exchange of information between interrogator and responder
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3052 in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver H03G3/32, H03G3/34 take precedence

Abstract

In a signal-based gain control scheme, one or more gain levels used for processing signals are selected based on characteristics of previously received signals. For example, different gain levels may be used to receive sets of signals whereupon certain characteristics of the received sets of signals are determined. One or more gain levels are then selected based on these characteristics whereby another signal is processed based on the selected gain level(s). In some aspects, the signal-based gain control scheme may be employed to facilitate two-way ranging operations between two devices. For example, leading edge detection may involve determining a characteristic of a received signal, determining a threshold based on the characteristic, and identifying a leading edge associated with the received signal based on the threshold. In some aspects, the signal-based gain control scheme may be employed in an ultra-low power pulse-based communication system (e.g., in ultra-wideband communication devices).

Claims

1. A method of signal processing, comprising:

receiving sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

determining characteristics of the received sets of signals;

selecting a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics; and

processing another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the characteristics comprise a plurality of gain level metrics that indicate how the use of the different gain levels affects the reception of the sets of signals.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises:

using the gain level metrics to determine a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection; and

selecting at least one gain level of the set of gain levels for receiving the another signal based on the determined minimum gain level.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises sampling sets of received pulses; and

each gain level metric is indicative of whether an amplitude of a pulse sampled at a corresponding one of the gain levels is greater than or equal to a threshold.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level,

wherein the determination of the leading edge is based on the received signal mode.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises, for each gain level of the set of gain levels, acquiring a plurality of pulses over a set of sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics comprises, for the pulses acquired at each gain level, providing a vector whereby each element of the vector corresponds to one of the sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics further comprises determining gain level metrics corresponding to the different gain levels, whereby each gain level metric is indicative of how many elements of the vector for the corresponding gain level are greater than or equal to a threshold; and

the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum one of the gain levels that has a vector with at least one element that is greater than or equal to the threshold.

9. An apparatus for signal processing, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels; and

a gain controller configured to determine characteristics of the received sets of signals, and further configured to select a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics;

wherein the receiver is further configured to process another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the characteristics comprise a plurality of gain level metrics that indicate how the use of the different gain levels affects the reception of the sets of signals.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises:

using the gain level metrics to determine a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection; and

selecting at least one gain level of the set of gain levels for receiving the another signal based on the determined minimum gain level.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises sampling sets of received pulses; and

each gain level metric is indicative of whether an amplitude of a pulse sampled at a corresponding one of the gain levels is greater than or equal to a threshold.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection.

14. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level,

wherein the determination of the leading edge is based on the received signal mode.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises:

selecting a subset of the set of gain levels for receiving the another signal;

generating a reconstruction of the received another signal;

identifying a signal lobe associated with a first local maximum of the signal reconstruction; and

identifying a leading edge of the signal lobe.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein:

the gain controller is further configured to identify a received signal mode based on the selected gain level; and

at least one of the group consisting of;

the selection of the subset of gain levels, the identification of the signal lobe, and the identification of the leading edge of the signal lobe, is based on the received signal mode.

17. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the gain controller is further configured to identify a received signal mode based on the selected gain level.

18. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises, for each gain level of the set of gain levels, acquiring a plurality of pulses over a set of sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics comprises, for the pulses acquired at each gain level, providing a vector whereby each element of the vector corresponds to one of the sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics further comprises determining gain level metrics corresponding to the different gain levels, whereby each gain level metric is indicative of how many elements of the vector for the corresponding gain level are greater than or equal to a threshold; and

the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum one of the gain levels that has a vector with at least one element that is greater than or equal to the threshold.

19. An apparatus for signal processing, comprising:

means for receiving sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

means for determining characteristics of the received sets of signals;

means for selecting a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics; and

means for processing another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the characteristics comprise a plurality of gain level metrics that indicate how the use of the different gain levels affects the reception of the sets of signals.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises:

using the gain level metrics to determine a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection; and

selecting at least one gain level of the set of gain levels for receiving the another signal based on the determined minimum gain level.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises sampling sets of received pulses; and

each gain level metric is indicative of whether an amplitude of a pulse sampled at a corresponding one of the gain levels is greater than or equal to a threshold.

23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum gain level that provides adequate received signal detection.

24. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising means for identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level,

wherein the determination of the leading edge is based on the received signal mode.

25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises:

selecting a subset of the set of gain levels for receiving the another signal;

generating a reconstruction of the received another signal;

identifying a signal lobe associated with a first local maximum of the signal reconstruction; and

identifying a leading edge of the signal lobe.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising means for identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level,

wherein at least one of the group consisting of:

the selection of the subset of gain levels, the identification of the signal lobe, and the identification of the leading edge of the signal lobe, is based on the received signal mode.

27. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising means for identifying a received signal mode based on the selected gain level.

28. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein:

the reception of the sets of signals comprises, for each gain level of the set of gain levels, acquiring a plurality of pulses over a set of sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics comprises, for the pulses acquired at each gain level, providing a vector whereby each element of the vector corresponds to one of the sample positions;

the determination of the characteristics further comprises determining gain level metrics corresponding to the different gain levels, whereby each gain level metric is indicative of how many elements of the vector for the corresponding gain level are greater than or equal to a threshold; and

the selection of the gain level comprises selecting a minimum one of the gain levels that has a vector with at least one element that is greater than or equal to the threshold.

29. A computer-program product for signal processing, comprising:

a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising codes executable to;

receive sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

determine characteristics of the received sets of signals;

select a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics; and

process another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge.

30. A headset, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

a gain controller configured to determine characteristics of the received sets of signals, and further configured to select a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics, wherein the receiver is further configured to process another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge; and

a transducer configured to provide an audio output based on the processed another signal.

31. A watch, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

a gain controller configured to determine characteristics of the received sets of signals, and further configured to select a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics, wherein the receiver is further configured to process another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge; and

a user interface configured to provide an indication based on the processed another signal.

32. A sensing device, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive sets of signals using different gain levels of a set of gain levels;

a gain controller configured to determine characteristics of the received sets of signals, and further configured to select a gain level from the set of gain levels based on the determined characteristics, wherein the receiver is further configured to process another signal based on the selected gain level, wherein the processing of the another signal comprises determining a leading edge of the another signal, and wherein the determination of the leading edge comprises;

selecting a threshold based on the selected gain level; and

using the threshold to determine a time of arrival of the leading edge; and

a sensor configured to provide data for transmission as a result of the processing of the another signal.