DNA sequencing by nanopore using modified nucleotides
First Claim
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1. A method for determining the nucleotide sequence of a single-stranded DNA comprising the steps of:
- (a) synthesizing a precursor of the single-stranded DNA as part of a double-stranded DNA using a single-stranded DNA template, a primer, a DNA polymerase, and all four nucleotides present in DNA, wherein each A or each G residue, but not both, comprise a first label bound to its respective base, and each C or each T residue, but not both, comprise a second label bound to its respective base;
(b) denaturing the double-stranded DNA obtained in (a);
(c) isolating the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced comprising the nucleotides containing the first label and the second label from the denatured double-stranded DNA;
(d) reacting the single-stranded DNA isolated in (c) with first modifying groups which form bonds with the first labels and second modifying groups which form bonds with the second labels, so as to obtain the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced wherein each labeled nucleotide is conjugated to a modifying group;
(e) passing the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced through a pore of suitable diameter by applying and electric field to the DNA;
(f) determining an electronic signature for each nucleotide of the single-stranded DNA which passes through the pore; and
(g) comparing each electronic signature determined in (f) with electronic signatures corresponding to each of A, G, C, and T or corresponding to the bases conjugated to the modifying group, so as to determine the identity of each such nucleotide,thereby determining the nucleotide sequence of the single-stranded DNA.
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Abstract
This invention provides a process for sequencing single-stranded DNA by employing a nanopore and modified nucleotides.
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Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method for determining the nucleotide sequence of a single-stranded DNA comprising the steps of:
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(a) synthesizing a precursor of the single-stranded DNA as part of a double-stranded DNA using a single-stranded DNA template, a primer, a DNA polymerase, and all four nucleotides present in DNA, wherein each A or each G residue, but not both, comprise a first label bound to its respective base, and each C or each T residue, but not both, comprise a second label bound to its respective base; (b) denaturing the double-stranded DNA obtained in (a); (c) isolating the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced comprising the nucleotides containing the first label and the second label from the denatured double-stranded DNA; (d) reacting the single-stranded DNA isolated in (c) with first modifying groups which form bonds with the first labels and second modifying groups which form bonds with the second labels, so as to obtain the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced wherein each labeled nucleotide is conjugated to a modifying group; (e) passing the single-stranded DNA to be sequenced through a pore of suitable diameter by applying and electric field to the DNA; (f) determining an electronic signature for each nucleotide of the single-stranded DNA which passes through the pore; and (g) comparing each electronic signature determined in (f) with electronic signatures corresponding to each of A, G, C, and T or corresponding to the bases conjugated to the modifying group, so as to determine the identity of each such nucleotide, thereby determining the nucleotide sequence of the single-stranded DNA. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method for determining the nucleotide sequence of a single-stranded DNA comprising the steps of:
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(a) passing the single-stranded DNA through a nanopore of a suitable diameter by applying an electric field, wherein each A or each G residue, but not both, comprises a modifying group bound to a label added to its respective base, and each C or each T residue, but not both, comprises a modifying group bound to a label added to its respective base, and each type of nucleotide in the single-stranded DNA has a characteristic electronic signature which is distinguishable from the electronic signature of all other types of nucleotides in the single-stranded DNA; (b) determining the electronic signature for each nucleotide within the single-stranded DNA which passes through the nanopore (c) comparing each electronic signature determined in step (b) with the electronic signature characteristic of each type of nucleotide so as to determine the identity of each such nucleotide that passes through the nanopore; thereby determining the nucleotide sequence of the single-stranded DNA. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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Specification