Apparatus for performing deep brain stimulation with a high frequency electric field

• US 8,914,117 B2
• Filed: 11/20/2009
• Issued: 12/16/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: UCL Business PLC (University of London)
• Original Assignee: UCL Business PLC (University of London)
• Inventors: Valente, Virgilio, Demosthenous, Andreas, Bayford, Richard
• Primary Examiner(s): Schaetzle, Kennedy
• Application Number:
  US13/130,279
• Publication Number:
  US 20110313236A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,852 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 607/45
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0534 Electrodes for deep brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36082 Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2/006 for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2/02 using magnetic fields produced by coils, including single turn loops or electromagnets A61N2/12 takes precedence

Abstract

One embodiment of the invention provides a method and apparatus for performing deep brain stimulation with an electromagnetic field. The includes an electrode assembly having multiple electrodes and a phased array system for driving the electrodes to generate the electromagnetic field. By controlling delays within the phased array system, the generated electromagnetic field can be steered to a desired region of the brain.

Claims

1. An apparatus for performing deep brain stimulation with an electromagnetic field, the apparatus including an electrode assembly having multiple electrodes and a phased array system for driving the electrodes to generate the electromagnetic field, wherein the phased array system generates a high frequency sinusoidal signal for supply to the multiple electrodes, wherein the phase of the signal is staggered between different electrodes to steer the electromagnetic field.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multiple electrodes comprise a linear array of electrodes.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the multiple electrodes comprise 8 or more electrodes.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sinusoidal signal has a frequency of 1 GHz or more.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the sinusoidal signal has a frequency of 50 GHz or less.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sinusoidal signal has a wavelength in the brain comparable with the volume of tissue to be activated.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a periodic on-off duty cycle is imposed onto the sinusoidal signal.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said duty cycle has a frequency in the range 100-200 Hz.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the on portion of the duty cycle has a period in the range 1-100 μ

s.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phased array system is controllable such that the phased array system can vary the phase shift between adjacent electrodes from zero up to a predetermined maximum.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said predetermined maximum is π

/2.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phased array system includes a delay element for each electrode.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein electronics for the phased array system in use are adapted for location at least partly with the electrodes in the skull of the subject.