Methods and apparatus for filling of packagings with medications

• US 8,914,146 B2
• Filed: 07/11/2012
• Issued: 12/16/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Omnicare LLC (CVS Health Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Omnicare Incorporated (CVS Health Corporation)
• Inventors: Carson, Bradley, Danelski, Darin L., DeDeo, Joseph T., Friday, Jack M., Mosbacher, Mitchell
• Primary Examiner(s): CUMBESS, YOLANDA RENEE
• Application Number:
  US13/546,035
• Publication Number:
  US 20130018503A1
• Time in Patent Office: 888 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 700/216
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 1/035 Blister-type containers blisters in general B65D75/36
• CPC Class Codes: A61J 7/04 Arrangements for time indication or reminder for taking medicine, e.g. programmed dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 5/103 for packaging pills or tablets
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 57/16 and operating to stop, or to control the speed of, the machine as a whole
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 75/327 and forming several compartments
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/13 delivered from dispensers

Abstract

Methods for filling packagings with at least one medication include producing filling instructions, operating a packaging station to fill packagings, and verifying that each of the packagings is filled correctly. The production of filling instructions includes an allocation of medications to separated compartments in the packagings. Each packaging receives a single medication pass for a specified time on a specified day, or a medicine pass for administration on an as needed basis. The packaging station may include a manual packaging station at which an operator follows prompts to move canisters of medications, pills from the canisters, and trays of packagings to fill the packagings. The manual packaging station includes a shutter assembly with shutters configured to selectively provide access to only one compartment in each packaging at a time, thereby reducing the likelihood of filling errors. Apparatus for filling packagings may include the same manual packaging station.

Claims

1. A method for filling packagings with at least one medication, each packaging including a body with a plurality of separated compartments for separately holding different medications for a single pass time, the method comprising:

producing filling instructions for an order, including an allocation of medications to separated compartments in a plurality of the packagings, each packaging adapted to receive only the medication to be taken by a patient at a specified medicine pass time, wherein producing filling instructions for the order further comprises;

receiving a plurality of prescriptions for a patient, each prescription identifying a unique medication and a dosage schedule for that medication;

allocating each medication from the plurality of prescriptions to the plurality of packagings based on the dosage schedule for each medication;

identifying any undesirable drug contra-indications between two medications in the same packaging;

if an undesirable drug contra-indication between two medications is present in any of the packagings, modifying the allocation of one of the conflicting medications to different packagings to avoid the undesirable drug contra-indication;

identifying administration time preferences for the patient; and

modifying the allocation of medications to the plurality of packagings based on the administration time preference;

operating a packaging station to fill the plurality of the packagings with the at least one medication according to the filling instructions, by placing different medications into different separated compartments of the packagings for specified medicine pass times requiring multiple medications; and

verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings have been accurately filled according to the filling instructions at a verification station.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein producing filling instructions for an order further comprises:

receiving a plurality of prescriptions, each prescription including prescription data;

analyzing the prescription data of each loaded prescription; and

generating the filling instructions based at least in part on the analyzed prescription data of each prescription.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the prescription data of each received prescription indicates a medication type associated with the received prescription, and analyzing the prescription data of each received prescription comprises:

determining the medication type of each received prescription,

wherein the generated filling instructions are based at least in part on the determined medication type of at least one of the received prescriptions.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the prescription data of each received prescription identifies a patient associated with the received prescription, and analyzing the prescription data of each received prescription comprises:

determining the identified patient of each received prescription,

wherein the generated filling instructions are based at least in part on the determined identified patient of at least one of the received prescriptions.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the prescription data of each received prescription indicates patient dosing preferences for the identified patient, and the generated filling instructions are based at least in part on the identified patient dosing preferences.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the prescription data of each received prescription indicates dosage instructions associated with the received prescription, and analyzing the prescription data of each received prescription comprises:

determining the dosage instructions of each received prescription,

wherein the generated filling instructions are based at least in part on the determined dosage instructions of at least one of the received prescriptions.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein producing filling instructions for the order further comprises:

receiving a plurality of prescriptions for a patient, each prescription identifying a unique medication and a dosage schedule for that medication;

allocating each medication from the plurality of prescriptions to the plurality of packagings based on the dosage schedule for each medication; and

optimizing the allocation of medications to the plurality of packagings by modifying the allocations of medications to minimize the number of packagings required to fill the entire order.

8. A method for filling packagings with at least one medication, each packaging including a body with a plurality of separated compartments for separately holding different medications, the method comprising:

producing filling instructions for an order, including an allocation of medications to separated compartments in a plurality of the packagings, each packaging adapted to receive only the medication to be taken by a patient at a specified medicine pass time or as needed;

operating a packaging station to fill the plurality of the packagings with the at least one medication according to the filling instructions, by placing different medications into different separated compartments of the packagings for specified medicine pass times requiring multiple medications;

verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings have been accurately filled according to the filling instructions at a verification station,

wherein the packagings are filled in a drug packaging system that includes a plurality of packaging stations, and the method further comprises;

assigning an order to be filled at one of the packaging stations only when the packaging station includes sufficient inventory of medications to fill the plurality of packagings to be filled for the order; and

managing the inventory of the plurality of packaging stations to enable optimization of filling of orders by the drug packaging system.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the packagings of an order require filling at multiple packaging stations, and further comprising:

producing the filling instructions independently for the multiple packaging stations needed to fill the order;

operating the multiple packaging stations to fill the plurality of the packagings with the at least one medication according to the filling instructions; and

managing the filling and verification of the plurality of the packagings such that the entire order is prepared for collation together and shipment with minimized delays.

10. A method for filling packagings with at least one medication, each packaging including a body with a plurality of separated compartments for separately holding different medications, the method comprising:

producing filling instructions for an order, including an allocation of medications to separated compartments in a plurality of the packagings, each packaging adapted to receive only the medication to be taken by a patient at a specified medicine pass time or as needed;

operating a packaging station to fill the plurality of the packagings with the at least one medication according to the filling instructions, by placing different medications into different separated compartments of the packagings for specified medicine pass times requiring multiple medications;

verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings have been accurately filled according to the filling instructions at a verification station,

wherein the packaging station is a manual packaging station including at least one storage carousel containing canisters of medications, a staging bar configured to temporarily retain the canisters, a counting mechanism for dispensing a desired quantity of the medication from the canisters, and a loading table for holding a tray with a plurality of the packagings, and operating the packaging station further comprises;

delivering the filling instructions to an operator at the manual packaging station, the filling instructions including directions on how the operator should manually move canisters between the at least one storage carousel, the staging bar, and the counting mechanism and how the operator should manually fill the separated compartments of each packaging in the tray at the loading table, with only one medication at a time being handled by the operator; and

prompting the operator for barcode scans and manual input to verify proper movements of canisters and medications from the storage carousels to the loading table and into the separated compartments of the plurality of packagings.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein operating the packaging station further comprises:

retrieving a sorted list of pending orders for a plurality of patients, the pending orders being sorted by priority of which pending orders should be filled first;

assigning a pending order from the sorted list of pending orders to the manual packaging station only when the manual packaging station contains sufficient inventory in the canisters to fill the plurality of packagings for that pending order; and

prioritizing the pending orders assigned to the manual packaging station to minimize the number of canister exchanges required by the operator when a new tray of the packagings is to be filled at the loading table.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein delivering the filling instructions to the operator further comprises:

determining a current batch of canisters of medications needed to fill the plurality of packagings on the tray;

prompting the operator to return any canisters not needed for the current batch from the staging bar to the carousels;

prompting the operator to move the canisters needed for the current batch from the carousels to the staging bar;

prompting the operator to dispense the desired quantity of a first medication from a first canister on the staging bar at the counting mechanism;

prompting the operator to fill the first medication into at least a portion of the packagings at the loading table; and

repeating the dispensing and filling prompts for other medications and canisters located on the staging bar until the current batch is complete.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein delivering the filling instructions to the operator further comprises:

generating a new batch of canisters of medications needed to fill a plurality of packagings on another tray for the order;

repeating the return canisters, move canisters, dispense medications, and fill packagings prompts for the new batch; and

continuing the generation of new batches of canisters and the filling prompts until the plurality of packagings for the entire order have been filled.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the loading table includes a shutter assembly for holding the tray, the shutter assembly includes a shutter located above each of the packagings with an opening adapted to provide access to only one of the compartments of each packaging, and delivering the filling instructions further comprises:

actuating the shutters so that only a first compartment of each packaging is open for filling;

activating a light emitting diode located below each first compartment that is to receive a medication from the operator;

waiting for confirmation from the operator that all of the first compartments have been filled as desired;

imaging each of the first compartments upon confirmation from the operator of filling for later verification of the filling; and

repeating the actuation of shutters and light emitting diodes for each other compartment of the packagings to be filled with medications.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the shutters on the shutter assembly are rotatable, and actuating the shutters further comprises:

rotating each of the shutters simultaneously in an indexed manner such that the same compartment of each packaging in the tray is accessible to the operator.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein activating the light emitting diode below each first compartment further comprises:

identifying the physical characteristics of the packagings and of the medication to be placed in the packagings; and

selecting a frequency of light emitted by the light emitting diodes to maximize visible contrast of the medication when placed in the compartments of the packagings during filling.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein whenever the operator is prompted to move a canister of medication from a first location to a second location, the prompting further comprises:

illuminating at least one of a light emitting diode and a display at the first location to identify which canister requires movement;

requesting a scan of the canister at the first location to verify the correct canister is picked up by the operator;

following verification, illuminating at least one of a light emitting diode and a display at the second location to prompt movement of the operator to the second location;

requesting a scan of both the second location and the canister to verify that the correct canister is still being put into the second location; and

extinguishing the light emitting diode and the display at the second location only upon a verified scan of the second location and the canister.

18. A method for filling packagings with at least one medication, each packaging including a body with a plurality of separated compartments for separately holding different medications, the method comprising:

producing filling instructions for an order, including an allocation of medications to separated compartments in a plurality of the packagings, each packaging adapted to receive only the medication to be taken by a patient at a specified medicine pass time or as needed;

operating a packaging station to fill the plurality of the packagings with the at least one medication according to the filling instructions, by placing different medications into different separated compartments of the packagings for specified medicine pass times requiring multiple medications;

verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings have been accurately filled according to the filling instructions at a verification station,

wherein the verification station is a manual verification station including a loading table having a shutter assembly for holding a tray of the packagings, the shutter assembly includes a shutter located above each of the packagings with an opening adapted to provide access to only one of the compartments of each packaging, and verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings has been accurately filled further comprises;

scanning a tray inserted into the shutter assembly;

retrieving information about the medications that should be filling the compartments of the packagings on the tray;

actuating the shutters so that only a first compartment of each packaging is open for inspection;

activating a light emitting diode located below each first compartment that is to be inspected;

displaying the information about the medications that should be filling the compartments to the operator;

prompting the operator to correct any discrepancies between the displayed information and the actual packagings;

waiting for confirmation from the operator that all of the first compartments have been filled as displayed in the information; and

repeating the actuation of shutters and light emitting diodes, the display of information, the prompt to correct discrepancies, and the confirmation for each other compartment of the packagings that was filled with medications.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein verifying that each of the plurality of the packagings has been accurately filled further comprises:

prompting the operator to remove any covers from the tray and packagings in the tray before insertion into the shutter assembly;

printing replacement covers for the packagings in the tray following verification of the filled medications in the packagings; and

prompting the operator to reapply the covers or the replacement covers to the tray and packagings following verification of the filled medications in the packagings.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the shutters on the shutter assembly are rotatable, and actuating the shutters further comprises:

rotating each of the shutters simultaneously in an indexed manner such that the same compartment of each packaging in the tray is accessible to the operator.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein activating a light emitting diode below each first compartment further comprises:

identifying the physical characteristics of the packagings and of the medication to be inspected in the packagings; and

selecting a frequency of light emitted by the light emitting diodes to maximize visible contrast of the medication when placed in the compartments of the packagings during inspection.