Flow based pressure isolation mechanism for a fluid delivery system

• US 8,919,384 B2
• Filed: 08/27/2012
• Issued: 12/30/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Bayer Healthcare LLC (Bayer AG)
• Original Assignee: Bayer Medical Care Inc. (Bayer AG)
• Inventors: Spohn, Michael A, Haury, John A
• Primary Examiner(s): MCCALISTER, WILLIAM M
• Application Number:
  US13/595,712
• Publication Number:
  US 20120323119A1
• Time in Patent Office: 855 Days
• Field of Search: 137/516.25, 137/516.27, 137/519, 137/485, 137/877, 137/519.5, 604/140, 600/485, 600/486, 600/487, 600/488
• US Class Current: 137/877
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02141 Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits A61B5/02233, A61B5/0235 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0215 by means inserted into the body catheters A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1403 Flushing or purging
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2039/229 Stopcocks
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2039/2433 Valve comprising a resilient or deformable element, e.g. flap valve, deformable disc
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2039/2453 not being fixed to the valve body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2039/2473 Valve comprising a non-deformable, movable element, e.g. ball-valve, valve with movable stopper or reciprocating element
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2039/248 Ball-valve
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3306 Optical measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3362 with minimised length of fluid lines; Taking into account the elastic expansion of fluid lines to increase accuracy
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/581 by audible feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/583 by visual feedback
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 39/24 Check- or non-return valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/007 for contrast media
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1408 in parallel, e.g. manifolds, sequencing valves access sites A61M39/02; tube connectors A61M39/10
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/142 Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14546 Front-loading type injectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16827 controlling delivery of multiple fluids, e.g. sequencing, mixing or via separate flow-paths infusion of multiple fluids without using a controller A61M5/1407
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16831 Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies low-level float-valves causing cut-off A61M5/40; indicating or recording presence, absence or direction of flow in general G01P13/0066
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1684 by detecting the amount of infusate remaining, e.g. signalling end of infusion
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/16881 : Regulating valves on-off valves, e.g. clamps A61M39/28
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/172 : electrical or electronic A61M5/16804, A61M5/16831 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/365 : Air detectors A61M5/1684 takes precedence; in extracorporeal blood circuits A61M1/3626
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/0352 : Controlled by pressure
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/7758 : Pilot or servo controlled
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/7871 : Weight biased
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/7915 : Guide stem
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/85978 : With pump
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/87829 : Biased valve

Abstract

The fluid delivery system includes a pressurizing device for delivering a pressurized injection fluid, a low pressure fluid delivery system, and a pressure isolation mechanism adapted for fluid communication with the pressurizing device and low pressure fluid delivery system. The pressure isolation mechanism includes a housing body defining an inlet port, an isolation port, and an internal cavity, where the housing body defines a seal seat in the internal cavity between the inlet port and isolation port. A valve member is free floating in the internal cavity and is adapted to engage the seal seat. The valve member has an open position permitting fluid communication between the inlet port and isolation port, and is fluid flow responsive to fluid flow in the inlet port to engage the seal seat and attain a closed position preventing fluid communication between the inlet port and isolation port.

Claims

1. A fluid delivery system with flow-based pressure isolation, the system comprising:

a pressurizing device for delivering injection fluid under pressure;

a low pressure fluid delivery system; and

a pressure isolation mechanism adapted for fluid communication with the pressurizing device and the low pressure fluid delivery system, wherein the pressure isolation mechanism comprises;

a housing body defining an inlet port, an isolation port, a lumen in fluid communication with the isolation port, and an internal cavity, the housing body further defining a seal seat in the internal cavity between the inlet port and the isolation port;

a valve member disposed in and free floating in the internal cavity and adapted to engage the seal seat, wherein the valve member comprises an open position permitting fluid communication between the inlet port and the isolation port, and wherein the valve member is fluid flow responsive to fluid flow in the inlet port to engage the seal seat and attain a closed position preventing fluid communication between the inlet port and the isolation port;

a flow initiating mechanism disposed in the lumen and in fluid communication with the isolation port, wherein the flow initiating mechanism comprises a flow initiating member providing an upstream volume capacitance to initiate fluid flow in the isolation port acting upon the valve member such that the valve member operates to the closed position when the flow initiating member stores an upstream volume of the upstream volume capacitance and operates to the open position when the flow initiating member releases the upstream volume; and

a retainer enclosing and retaining the flow initiating mechanism within the lumen without capability of pressure relief venting the injection fluid to atmosphere.

2. The fluid delivery system of claim 1, further comprising:

a spring enclosed in the retainer to spring-bias the flow initiating member in the lumen.

3. The fluid delivery system of claim 2, wherein the retainer is cylindrical to enclose both the spring and the flow initiating member.

4. The fluid delivery system of claim 2, wherein the spring comprises a resilient appendage integral to the flow initiating member.

5. The fluid delivery system of claim 1, further comprising:

a pressure transducer associated with the isolation port.

6. The fluid delivery system of claim 1, wherein the valve member is formed of a compliant material.

7. The fluid delivery system of claim 6, wherein the compliant material is selected to transmit hemodynamic pressure signals through the valve member to a pressure transducer associated with the isolation port.

8. The fluid delivery system of claim 1, wherein the inlet port is in fluid communication with the pressurizing device and the low pressure fluid delivery system via a fitting.

9. The fluid delivery system of claim 8, wherein the fitting defines a first input port in fluid communication with the pressurizing device, a second input port in fluid communication with the low pressure fluid delivery system, an outlet port, and a pressure transducer port in fluid communication with the inlet port of the pressure isolation mechanism.

10. The fluid delivery system of claim 1, further comprising:

an air inlet prevention filter disposed in a bore defined in the retainer and adapted to prevent air from entering the internal cavity when the filter is wetted with fluid.

11. The fluid delivery system of claim 10, wherein the upstream volume capacitance is provided by the flow initiating member being adapted to resiliently compress in an axial direction within the lumen to thereby allow fluid to pass around the flow initiating member and into contact with the air inlet prevention filter.

12. A pressure isolation mechanism, comprising:

a housing body defining an inlet port, an isolation port, a lumen in fluid communication with the isolation port, and an internal cavity, the housing body further defining a seal seat in the internal cavity between the inlet port and the isolation port;

a valve member disposed in and free floating in the internal cavity and adapted to engage the seal seat, wherein the valve member comprises an open position permitting fluid communication between the inlet port and the isolation port, and wherein the valve member is fluid flow responsive to fluid flow in the inlet port to engage the seal seat and attain a closed position preventing fluid communication between the inlet port and the isolation port;

a flow initiating mechanism disposed in the lumen and in fluid communication with the isolation port, wherein the flow initiating mechanism comprises a flow initiating member providing an upstream volume capacitance to initiate fluid flow in the isolation port acting upon the valve member such that the valve member operates to the closed position when the flow initiating member stores an upstream volume of the upstream volume capacitance and operates to the open position when the flow initiating member releases the upstream volume; and

a retainer enclosing and retaining the flow initiating mechanism within the lumen without capability of pressure relief venting the injection fluid to atmosphere.

13. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 12, further comprising:

a spring enclosed in the retainer to spring-bias the flow initiating member in the lumen.

14. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 13, wherein the retainer is cylindrical to enclose both the spring and the flow initiating member.

15. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 13, wherein the spring comprises a resilient appendage integral to the flow initiating member.

16. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 12, further comprising:

a pressure transducer associated with the isolation port.

17. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 12, wherein the valve member is formed of a compliant material.

18. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 17, wherein the compliant material is selected to transmit hemodynamic pressure signals through the valve member to a pressure transducer associated with the isolation port.

19. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 12, further comprising:

an air inlet prevention filter disposed in a bore defined in the retainer and adapted to prevent air from entering the internal cavity when the filter is wetted with fluid.

20. The pressure isolation mechanism of claim 19, wherein the upstream volume capacitance is provided by the flow initiating member being adapted to resiliently compress in an axial direction within the lumen to thereby allow fluid to pass around the flow initiating member and into contact with the air inlet prevention filter.