Generalized grid security framework

• US 8,924,033 B2
• Filed: 05/11/2011
• Issued: 12/30/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/12/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Alstom Technology Ltd. (Alstom SA)
• Original Assignee: Alstom Grid Incorporated (Alstom SA)
• Inventors: Goutard, Eric, Mensah, Spero
• Primary Examiner(s): SHECHTMAN, SEAN P
• Application Number:
  US13/105,393
• Publication Number:
  US 20110282508A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,329 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 700/286
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/06 Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/20 for managing network security; network security policies in general filtering policies H04L63/0227
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

The subject specification comprises a generalized grid security platform (GGSP) that can control power distribution and operations in a power transmission and distribution grid (PTDG) in real or near real time. The GGSP can receive data from one or more data sources, including a PMU(s) or an IED(s), which can obtain power system related data and provide at least a portion of such data to the GGSP at a subsecond rate. The GGSP can correlate data from the data sources based at least in part on a temporal, geographical, or topological axis. The GGSP can analyze the data, including performing predictive analysis, e.g., via simulation, root cause analysis, post mortem analysis, or complex event processing, when desired, to facilitate identifying a current or predicted future state of the PTDG, a cause or source of an abnormal condition, or a remedial action execution plan, new operation or maintenance guidance, etc.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a memory to store computer-executable components; and

a processor, coupled to the memory, that executes or facilitates execution of computer-executable components, comprising;

a data information component configured to receive power system related data from one or more data source components associated with a power transmission and distribution grid (PTDG), and correlate respective pieces of the power system related data, based at least in part on a temporal axis, a locational axis, and a topological axis, to generate correlated pieces of the power system related data comprising a first subset of the correlated pieces of the power system related data associated with first temporal data, first locational data, and first topological data, and a second subset of the correlated pieces of the power system related data associated with second temporal data, second locational data, and second topological data; and

a first generalized grid security component (GGSC), associated with the data information component, configured to determine a set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data that is usable by, and is to be communicated to, a second GGSC to facilitate controlling the PTDG, wherein the first GGSC is at a first level and the second GGSC is at a second level of a multi-level hierarchy of the PTDG, and the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data comprises the first subset of the correlated pieces of the power system related data,

wherein the second GGSC is configured to analyze the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data to facilitate control of power transmission and distribution by at least one of a power substation or a transformer of the PTDG, in accordance with a defined power system control criterion.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the power system related data is generated at a subsecond rate, and the second GGSC is further configured to identify at least one remedial action to perform with respect to the PTDG based at least in part on a result of the analysis of the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data to facilitate the control of the power transmission and distribution by at least one of the power substation or the transformer at a subsecond rate, and wherein the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data comprises synchrophasor data.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to identify at least one abnormal condition relating to the PTDG based at least in part on a result of the analysis of the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data, wherein the at least one abnormal condition is at least one of a fault or an abnormal power system parameter value, and wherein the abnormal power system parameter value is above or below a defined threshold normal power system parameter value or is outside of a range of defined threshold normal power system parameter values.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to determine at least one remedial action to perform to rectify the at least one abnormal condition.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to determine a health or operation state of at least a portion of the PTDG based at least in part on a result of the analysis of the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to perform a simulation of operation of at least a portion of the PTDG under a set of power related conditions associated with a request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in accordance with the set of power related conditions, based at least in part on the first subset of the correlated pieces of the power system related data, in response to the request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG, prior to allowance or denial of the request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to allow the modification of operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in response to a first result of the simulation being in accordance with the power system control criterion, or deny the modification of operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in response to a second result of the simulation being determined not to be in accordance with the power system control criterion.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the request to modify the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG comprises a request to operate at least the portion of the PTDG under an overload condition that is at a rating above a static rating and below a defined upper rating associated with at least the portion of the PTDG, for a specified period of time, and wherein the second GGSC is further configured to determine whether the portion of the PTDG is operable to sustain the overload condition for the specified period of time based at least in part on the result of the simulation to facilitate a determination of whether to allow the request to modify the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more data source components comprise at least one of a power system health sensor, a heat sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a power system balance sensor, a harmonic level sensor;

a power system parameter sensor, a fault sensor, a frequency monitoring network (FNET), a phasor measurement unit (PMU) FNET (PMU/FNET), a frequency disturbance recorder, an intelligent equipment device;

digital fault recorder;

a fault current limiter, a fault current controllers, an equipment data file associated with a piece of PTDG equipment, or a component associated with the second GGSC, wherein the component is configured to generate and provide at least some of the power system related data.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to comprise a root cause analysis module configured to determine a root source that caused an abnormal condition associated with the PTDG based at least in part on a result of the analysis of the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data.

11. The system of claim 10, further comprising an equipment diagnostic and prediction module configured to simulate historical operation of the PTDG based at least in part on the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data to generate a simulation result, wherein the root cause analysis module is further configured to analyze the simulation result to determine the root source that caused the abnormal condition associated with the PTDG.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC is further configured to comprise a replacement plan assistant module configured to analyze the set of the correlated pieces of the power system related data to determine respective times to replace, repair, or perform maintenance on respective pieces of PTDG equipment, based at least in part on respective a condition of the respective pieces of PTDG equipment at a time of the analysis or a predicted future condition of the respective pieces of PTDG equipment, in accordance with the defined power system control criterion, wherein the replacement plan assistant module is further configured to generate a remedial action execution plan comprising a temporal sequence of the respective times of replacement, repair, or performance of maintenance on the respective pieces of PTDG equipment.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the second GGSC comprises an enhanced stability analysis component configured to monitor a level of oscillatory instability in at least a portion of the PTDG, perform on-line detection and analysis of the level of oscillatory instability in the portion of the PTDG, determine that an abnormal oscillatory instability exists in response to determining that the level of oscillatory instability is above a defined threshold level of oscillatory instability, and determine at least one remedial action to perform to rectify the abnormal oscillatory instability to initiate a reduction of the level of oscillatory instability to a defined acceptable level.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the data information component or the one or more data source components are respectively configured to apply one or more tags to respective pieces of the power system related data, wherein the one or more tags comprise a time of data collection or a power system event, a location to which a piece of the respective pieces of the power system related data relates, or topological information regarding the piece.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable components further comprise a common source modeler component configured to generate one or more power system model objects that model one or more respective pieces of PTDG equipment, wherein the one or more power system model objects are respectively defined uniformly across subsystems of the second GGSC to achieve a consistent definition of the one or more power system model objects among the subsystems.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the common source modeler component is further configured to be associated with a common information model that employs one or more specified modeling standards, protocols, or algorithms to facilitate generation of the one or more power system model objects, wherein the common source modeler component is further configured to provide PTDG model version management that supports model-over-time management to generate a power system model object that reconstructs a version of a piece of PTDG equipment that was in use in the PTDG during a period of time of PTDG operation being analyzed by the second GGSC.

17. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable components further comprise a grid unified view module configured to consolidate or synthesize at least a portion of the power system related data to generate PTDG unified result data for presentation via a graphical user interface, wherein the grid unified view module is further configured to identify and allow action on a most restrictive security constraint for PTDG conditions at a given time, based at least in part on a result of the analysis of at least the portion of the correlated pieces of the power system related data relating to the PTDG.

18. A method, comprising:

correlating, by a system comprising a processor, a plurality of items of power system related data at a first level of a multi-level hierarchy of a power transmission and distribution grid (PTDG), based at least in part on a temporal factor, a geographical factor, and a topological factor, to generate correlated items of the power system related data comprising a first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with first temporal information, first geographical information, and first topological information, and a second subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with second temporal information, second geographical information, and second topological information;

determining, by the system, a set of the correlated items of the power system related data that is usable by, and is to be communicated to, a controller device at a second level of the multi-level hierarchy to facilitate controlling the PTDG, wherein the set of the correlated items of the power system related data comprises the first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data; and

at the second level of the multi-level hierarchy, controlling, by the system, at least a portion of the PTDG based at least in part on a result of analyzing the set of correlated items of the power system related data, in accordance with a defined power system control criterion.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

monitoring, by the system, operating conditions relating to power being distributed in the at least the portion of the PTDG;

obtaining, by the system, power system related data relating to the operating conditions;

analyzing, by the system, the power system related data relating to the operating conditions, in accordance with the defined power system control criterion; and

generating, by the system, a set of simulated operating condition scenarios relating to the portion of the PTDG, based at least in part on the analyzing of the power system related data relating to the operating conditions.

20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

receiving, by the system, a request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG;

obtaining, by the system, a portion of the set of correlated items of the power system related data relating to operating conditions associated with the at least a portion of the PTDG;

performing, by the system, an operation simulation to predict an outcome of the modification of operation of at least the portion of the PTDG, in response to the request to modify the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG;

determining, by the system, whether the modification of the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG is acceptable based at least in part on the operation simulation, in accordance with the defined power system control criterion; and

at least one of;

denying, by the system, the request to modify the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in response to determining that the modification of the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG is not acceptable, or

authorizing, by the system, the request to modify the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in response to determining that the modification of the operation of at least the portion of the PTDG is acceptable.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the receiving the request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG comprises a request to modify operation of at least the portion of the PTDG to operate at least the portion of the PTDG under an overload condition that is above a static rating and below a dynamic rating of a piece of PTDG equipment in at least the portion of the PTDG.

22. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

monitoring, by the system, power conditions associated with power transmission and distribution in at least the portion of the PTDG;

identifying, by the system, a level of oscillation instability of at least the portion of the PTDG in real time at a subsecond rate;

determining, by the system, whether the level of oscillation instability is acceptable, in accordance with the defined power system control criterion; and

at least one of;

maintaining, by the system, operation of at least the portion of the PTDG in relation to oscillation stability in response to determining that the level of oscillation instability is acceptable, or

in response to determining that the level of oscillation instability is unacceptable, determining, by the system, at least one remedial action to perform to reduce the level of oscillation instability to an acceptable level.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the identifying of the level of oscillation instability further comprises:

at least one of ;

identifying, by the system, a level of oscillation instability of at least the portion of the PTDG, or

predicting, by the system, a level of oscillation instability of at least the portion of the PTDG at a specified future time period.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the predicting the level of oscillation instability of at least the portion of the PTDG at the specified future time period further comprises:

simulating, by the system, operations of at least the portion of the PTDG for the specified future time period to generate simulation results; and

predicting, by the system, the level of oscillation instability of at least the portion of the PTDG at the specified future time period based at least in part on the simulation results.

25. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

monitoring, by the system, equipment conditions and equipment performance relating to a piece of PTDG equipment in at least the portion of the PTDG;

obtaining, by the system, power system related data relating to the equipment conditions and the equipment performance of the piece of PTDG equipment;

analyzing, by the system, the power system related data relating to the equipment conditions and the equipment performance of the piece of PTDG equipment;

generating, by the system, a prediction regarding whether an abnormal condition or equipment failure will occur in the piece of PTDG equipment within a specified period of time in the future; and

at least one of;

maintaining, by the system, operation of the piece of PTDG equipment in response to the prediction indicating that no abnormal condition or equipment failure will occur in the piece of PTDG equipment within a specified period of time in the future, or

generating, by the system, an alert or work order relating to the piece of PTDG equipment to facilitate performing at least one remedial action relating to the piece of PTDG equipment in response to the prediction indicating that an abnormal condition or equipment failure will occur in the piece of PTDG equipment within the specified period of time in the future.

26. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

diagnosing, by the system, respective conditions of respective pieces of PTDG equipment based at least in part on a portion of the set of the correlated items of the power system related data relating to the respective pieces of PTDG equipment;

analyzing, by the system, the diagnosis of the respective conditions of the respective pieces of PTDG equipment;

generating, by the system, a priority sequence for performance of one or more remedial actions of one or more pieces of PTDG equipment, based at least in part on a result of the analyzing of the diagnosis;

evaluating, by the system, a reliability impact relating to the one or more remedial actions of the priority sequence, in accordance with the defined power system control criterion;

generating, by the system, a remedial action plan based at least in part on the priority sequence and the evaluating of the reliability impact;

evaluating, by the system, an economic impact of the remedial action plan; and

generating, by the system, a remedial action execution plan based at least in part on an evaluation result of the economic impact of the remedial action plan.

27. The method of claim 18, further comprising:

analyzing, by the system, the set of correlated items of the power system related data;

determining, by the system, one or more power-related actions to be performed in the PTDG, based at least in part on a result of the analysis of the set of correlated items of the power system related data and the defined power system control criterion; and

performing, by the system, the one or more power-related actions.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the performing the one or more power-related actions, further comprising:

generating, by the system, a condition assessment of operation health of the portion of the PTDG;

generating, by the system, a diagnosis of an abnormal condition associated with the portion of the PTDG;

performing, by the system, a dynamic stability analysis on the portion of the PTDG;

performing, by the system, a measurement-based stability analysis on the portion of the PTDG;

generating, by the system, a command to rectify the abnormal condition;

transmitting, by the system, the command to rectify the abnormal condition;

generating, by the system, an alarm indicator relating to the abnormal condition;

presenting, by the system, the alarm indicator;

performing, by the system, one or more remedial actions to rectify the abnormal condition;

at least one of estimating, by the system, a future state or predicting, by the system, the future state of the at least a portion of the PTDG;

simulating, by the system, at least a portion of prior operations of the portion of the PTDG;

simulating, by the system, at least a portion of future operations of the portion of the PTDG to predict at least one scenario of operations of the portion of the PTDG over a specified period of time in the future under a specified set of operating conditions;

predicting, by the system, the at least one scenario of operations of the portion of the PTDG over the specified period of time in the future under the specified set of operating conditions;

determining, by the system, whether a requested overload condition on a piece of PTDG equipment is acceptable for the specified period of time;

analyzing, by the system, an equipment data file relating to at least the dynamic equipment rating of the piece of PTDG equipment;

granting, by the system, a request to operate the piece of PTDG equipment under an overload condition for the specified period of time in response to determining that the overload condition is acceptable;

denying, by the system, the request to operate the piece of PTDG equipment under the overload condition for the specified period of time in response to determining that the overload condition is not acceptable;

performing, by the system, a root cause analysis relating to the portion of the PTDG;

performing, by the system, a post mortem analysis relating to the portion of the PTDG;

generating, by the system, a remedial action execution plan for the a portion of the PTDG;

or

generating, by the system, one or more operation guidelines to modify operation of the portion of the PTDG.

29. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system comprising a processor to perform operations, comprising:

correlating a plurality of items of power system related data at a first level of a multi-level hierarchy of a power transmission and distribution grid (PTDG), based at least in part on a temporal axis, a geographical axis, and a topological axis, to generate correlated items of the power system related data comprising a first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with first temporal data, first geographical data, and first topological data, and a second subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with second temporal data, second geographical data, and second topological data;

determining a set of the correlated items of the power system related data that is usable by, and is to be communicated to, a controller device at a second level of the multi-level hierarchy to facilitate controlling the PTDG, wherein the set of the correlated items of the power system related data comprises the first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data; and

at the second level of the multi-level hierarchy, controlling at least a portion of the PTDG based at least in part on a result of analyzing the set of the correlated items of the power system related data, in accordance with a defined power system control criterion.

30. A system, comprising:

means for correlating a plurality of items of power system related data, at a first level of a multi-level hierarchy of a power transmission and distribution grid (PTDG), as a function of a temporal axis, a geographical axis, and a topological axis including means for generating correlated items of the power system related data comprising a first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with first temporal information, first geographical information, and first topological information, and a second subset of the correlated items of the power system related data associated with second temporal information, second geographical information, and second topological information;

means for determining a set of the correlated items of the power system related data that is usable by, and is to be communicated to, a means for controlling the PTDG at a second level of the multi-level hierarchy to facilitate controlling the PTDG, wherein the set of the correlated items of the power system related data comprises the first subset of the correlated items of the power system related data; and

the means for controlling the PTDG, at the second level of the multi-level hierarchy, based at least in part on an output of a means for analyzing the set of correlated items of the power system related data and a defined power system control criterion.