Spatio-optical directional light modulator

• US 8,928,969 B2
• Filed: 12/16/2011
• Issued: 01/06/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ostendo Technologies Inc.
• Original Assignee: Ostendo Technologies Inc.
• Inventors: Alpaslan, Zahir Y., El-Ghoroury, Hussein S., Cai, Jingbo, McNeill, Dale A.
• Primary Examiner(s): HASAN, MOHAMMED A
• Application Number:
  US13/329,107
• Publication Number:
  US 20130141895A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,117 Days
• Field of Search: 359290-298, 359/619
• US Class Current: 359/298
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/004 based on a displacement or a deformation of a fluid
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 3/0056 arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses G02B3/0043 takes precedence; miniaturised objectives for electronic devices employing wafer level optics G02B13/0085
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/33 involving directional light or back-light sources
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/32 using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources

Abstract

A novel spatio-optical directional light modulator with no moving parts is introduced. This directional light modulator can be used to create 2D/3D switchable displays of various sizes for mobile to large screen TV. The inherently fast modulation capability of this new directional light modulator increases the achievable viewing angle, resolution, and realism of the 3D image created by the display.

Claims

1. A light modulator for displaying a 3D image comprising:

an emissive micro emitter array device having a micro array of light emitting pixels each light emitting pixel being individually addressable and individually controllable in intensity of light emitted by the respective light emitting pixel, the micro array of light emitting pixels being organized into multiple groups of multiple light emitting pixels, and

a micro lens array, each micro lens in the micro lens array spanning a group of light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device, each micro lens in the micro lens array directing light received from each light emitting pixel of the emissive micro emitter array device in the respective group of light emitting pixels in a different direction.

2. The light modulator of claim 1 wherein each group of light emitting pixels is a two dimensional group of light emitting pixels.

3. The light modulator of claim 2 wherein the emissive micro emitter comprises a micro array of light emitting pixels wherein each of the light emitting pixels is a solid state light emitter.

4. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein each light emitting pixel of the emissive micro emitter array device may emit light of multiple colors, and each light emitting pixel is individually addressable to emit light of a respective selected color and intensity.

5. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein the light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device have a linear dimension of ten microns or less.

6. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein the micro lens array is comprised of a plurality of stacked micro lens arrays.

7. The light modulator of claim 6 wherein the plurality of stacked micro lens arrays are aligned relative to one another and relative to the light emitting pixel array using semiconductor wafer alignment techniques.

8. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein each of the micro lenses of the micro lens array optically maps the light emitted from a plurality of light emitting pixels in a respective group of light emitting pixels into a corresponding discrete set of directions within a numerical aperture of the micro lens.

9. The light modulator of claim 8 wherein the association of each micro lens with the light emitting pixels within a light emitting pixel group to optically map the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting pixels of the group into a corresponding discrete set of directions allows the individual light emitting pixel addressability to enable the individual addressability of each direction of the discrete set of directions, thereby enabling the light modulator to generate light that is directionally modulated in any of the directions of the set of discrete directions.

10. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein:

the light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device are multi color light emitting pixels and are individually addressable to emit light with a selected color and intensity;

the micro lens array has a plurality of stacked micro lens arrays, each of the micro lenses of the micro lens array is associated and aligned with a plurality of light emitting pixels within a light emitting pixel group of the emissive micro emitter array device, with each micro lens optically mapping the light emitted from the respective plurality of light emitting pixels into a corresponding discrete set of directions within a numerical aperture of the respective micro lens to enable the individual control of color and intensity of the light emitted in each individual direction of the discrete set of directions;

thereby enabling the light modulator to generate light that is modulated in color, intensity and direction.

11. The light modulator of claim 10 wherein the direction, color and intensity addressability of the light modulator is accomplished using a multiple field data input to the light modulator, whereby for each designated light emitting pixel group within the light emitting pixel groups, at least one input data field is used to specify the direction of the emitted light and at least one input data field is used to specify the color and intensity of the light emitted in that direction.

12. The light modulator of claim 3, in plurality, comprising a collective set of light modulators in a tiled array, wherein in each light modulator, the light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device are multicolor light emitting pixels and are individually addressable to each emit light with a selected color and intensity, the micro lens array is comprised of a plurality of stacked micro lens arrays, each of the lenses of the micro lens array is associated and aligned with a plurality of light emitting pixels within a respective light emitting pixel group of the respective emissive micro emitter array device, with each micro lens optically mapping the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting pixels into a corresponding discrete set of directions within a numerical aperture of the lens to enable the individual control of color and intensity of the light emitted in each individual direction of the discrete set of directions, thereby enabling the light modulator to generate light that is modulated in color, intensity and direction across an aperture spanning the collective set of light modulators.

13. The light modulators of claim 12 wherein adjacent light modulators in the tiled array have some inactive edge light emitting pixels between active light emitting pixels in adjacent groups of light emitting pixels.

14. The light modulators of claim 12 wherein the direction, color and intensity addressability of each light emitting pixel of the light modulators is accomplished using a multiple field data input to the individual light modulators, whereby for each designated light emitting pixel group within the light emitting pixel groups, at least one input data field is used to specify the spatial direction of the emitted light and at least one input data field is used to specify the color and intensity of the light emitted in that direction.

15. The light modulators of claim 14 wherein the light modulators are switchable to operate either as a 3D display or as a high resolution 2D display by adapting the format of the multiple field data input to be commensurate with the desired operational mode.

16. The light modulators of claim 12 in a liquid crystal display as a backlight for the liquid crystal display to create either a 3D display or 2D display.

17. The light modulators of claim 16 wherein the liquid crystal display is switchable to operate either as a 3D display or as a high resolution 2D display by adapting the format of the multiple field data input to be commensurate with the desired operational mode.

18. The light modulator of claim 3 wherein the resolution of the light modulators in terms of the number of individually addressable directions within an angular divergence of the micro lens array being determined by selecting either a light emitting pixel pitch of the emissive micro emitter array device or by selecting a micro lens pitch of the micro lens array, or by selecting the light emitting pixel pitch of the emissive micro emitter array device and by selecting the micro lens pitch of the micro lens array.

19. The light modulator of claim 2 wherein the emissive micro emitter comprises an array of light emitting pixels wherein each of the light emitting pixels is a solid state light emitter selected from the group consisting of light emitting diodes and laser diodes.

20. The light modulator of claim 1 wherein the micro lens array is fabricated as a wafer level optics using ultraviolet imprint lithography at the wafer level.

21. The light modulator of claim 1, in plurality, comprising a tiled array of light modulators.

22. The light modulators of claim 21 wherein adjacent light modulators in the tiled array have some inactive edge light emitting pixels between active light emitting pixels in adjacent groups of light emitting pixels.

23. A light modulator for displaying a 3D image comprising:

an emissive micro emitter array device having a micro array of light emitting pixels, and

a micro lens array, each micro lens in the micro lens array spanning a group of light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device, whereby a micro lens in the micro lens array will direct illumination from each emissive micro emitter in the respective group of light emitting pixels in a different direction;

the light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device being multi color pixels and are individually addressable to emit light with a selected color and intensity;

the micro lens array having a plurality of stacked micro lens arrays, each of the lenses of the micro lens array being associated and aligned with a plurality of light emitting pixels within a pixel group of the emissive micro emitter array device, with each micro lens optically mapping the light emitted from the respective plurality of light emitting pixels into a corresponding discrete set of directions within a numerical aperture of the respective lens to enable the individual control of color and intensity of the light emitted in each individual direction of the discrete set of directions;

thereby enabling the light modulator to generate light that is modulated in color, intensity and direction.

24. A light modulator comprising a collective set of light modulators in a tiled array, each light modulator for displaying a 3D image comprising:

an emissive micro emitter array device having a micro array of pixels, and

a micro lens array, each micro lens in the micro lens array spanning a two dimensional group of light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array, whereby a micro lens in the micro lens array device will direct illumination from each emissive micro emitter in the respective group of light emitting pixels in a different direction;

wherein each of the light emitting pixels in the emissive micro emitter device is a solid state light emitter that is individually addressable, the solid state light emitter being selected from the group consisting of light emitting diodes and laser diodes; and

wherein in each light modulator, the light emitting pixels of the emissive micro emitter array device are multicolor light emitting pixels and are individually addressable to each emit light with a selected color and intensity, the micro lens array is comprised of a plurality of stacked micro lens arrays, each of the lenses of the micro lens array is associated and aligned with a plurality of light emitting pixels within a respective light emitting pixel group of the respective emissive micro emitter array device, with each micro lens optically mapping the light emitted from the plurality of light emitting pixels into a corresponding discrete set of directions within a numerical aperture of the lens to enable the individual control of color and intensity of the light emitted in each individual direction of the discrete set of directions, thereby enabling the light modulator to generate light that is modulated in color, intensity and direction across an aperture spanning the collective set of light modulators.