Periodic calibration for communication channels by drift tracking

• US 8,929,424 B2
• Filed: 01/01/2014
• Issued: 01/06/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: K.Mizra LLC
• Original Assignee: Rambus Inc.
• Inventors: Hampel, Craig E., Ware, Frederick A., Perego, Richard E.
• Primary Examiner(s): WANG, TED M
• Application Number:
  US14/145,966
• Publication Number:
  US 20140133536A1
• Time in Patent Office: 370 Days
• Field of Search: 375/219, 375/224, 375/295, 369/44.27, 324/601
• US Class Current: 375/224
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/00 Monitoring; Testing of line transmission systems H04B3/46; arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio waves H04B10/07
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/11 for calibration
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/21 for calibration; for correcting measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/00 Modulated-carrier systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0004 Initialisation of the receiver H04L7/0075 and H04L7/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0016 correction of synchronization errors
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/0087 Preprocessing of received signal for synchronisation, e.g. by code conversion, pulse generation or edge detection
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/043 Pseudo-noise [PN] codes variable during transmission synchronisation of spread spectrum receivers H04B1/69
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 7/10 Arrangements for initial synchronisation

Abstract

A method and system that provides for execution of a first calibration sequence, such as upon initialization of a system, to establish an operation value, which utilizes an algorithm intended to be exhaustive, and executing a second calibration sequence from time to time, to measure drift in the parameter, and to update the operation value in response to the measured drift. The second calibration sequence utilizes less resources of the communication channel than does the first calibration sequence. In one embodiment, the first calibration sequence for measurement and convergence on the operation value utilizes long calibration patterns, such as codes that are greater than 30 bytes, or pseudorandom bit sequences having lengths of 2^N−1 bits, where N is equal to or greater than 7, while the second calibration sequence utilizes short calibration patterns, such as fixed codes less than 16 bytes, and for example as short as 2 bytes long.

Claims

1. A method of operation as carried out by a receive component, the method comprising:

performing a first calibration during initialization to identify an initial value for a parameter affecting proper reception at the receive component of data communicated across a channel;

periodically performing a second calibration to update an existing value of the parameter for drift attributable to change in at least one of operating voltage or temperature; and

wherein the existing value is dependent on the initial value and wherein the second calibration is constrained to occur during a time period that is shorter than a time period of the first calibration.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein periodically performing includes calculating an interval and repeatedly (a) performing the second calibration at each expiration of the interval and (b) resetting the interval.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter is a voltage level for a comparator.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter is a link termination resistance.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the parameter is a driver strength.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein periodically performing the second calibration includes using less resources of the channel than when performing the first calibration.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the first calibration comprises performing a first set of operations to exhaustively determine the initial value of the parameter, and wherein performing the second calibration comprises performing a second set of operations to update the existing value if a desired value of the parameter has drifted from the existing value by more than a delta value.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the second calibration comprises suspending transmit and receive operations on the receive component.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein performing the first calibration comprises receiving a first pattern transmitted by a transmit component to the receive component and comparing, in the receive component, the first pattern with a first expected pattern, and wherein performing the second calibration comprises receiving a second pattern transmitted by the transmit component to the receive component and comparing in the receive component the second pattern with a second expected pattern.

10. A receive component for use in a signaling system, in which a transmit component and the receive component are to communicate data across a channel, the receive component comprising:

receiver circuitry to

perform at system initialization a first calibration, the first calibration to identify an initial value for a parameter affecting proper reception by the receiver circuitry of the data communicated across the channel, and

perform thereafter on a periodic basis a second calibration, the second calibration to update an existing value of the parameter for drift attributable to change in at least one of voltage or temperature; and

circuitry to store the existing value of the parameter, the existing value of the parameter dependent on the initial value and any updates from the second calibration;

wherein

the receive component is to apply the existing value when receiving the data communicated across the channel, and

the second calibration is constrained to be performed during a time period that is shorter than a time period of the first calibration.

11. The receive component of claim 10, wherein the second calibration is to be performed at expiration of an interval of time, at which the receive circuitry is to suspend receive operations.

12. The receive component of claim 11, wherein passage of the interval of time is to be tracked by the transmit component and the second calibration is to be initiated by the transmit component.

13. The receive component of claim 10, wherein the parameter is a link termination resistance.

14. The receive component of claim 10, wherein the parameter is a driver strength for a driver of the receive component.

15. The receive component of claim 10, wherein the receive circuitry is to perform, responsive to the second calibration, one of an increment operation or a decrement operation upon the existing value if a desired value of the parameter has drifted from the existing value by more than a delta value.

16. The receive component of claim 10, further comprising circuitry to store a first expected pattern and a second expected pattern, and circuitry to compare the first expected pattern with a pattern received from the transmit component in association with the first calibration, and to compare the second expected pattern with a pattern received from the transmit component in association with the second calibration.

17. A receive component comprising:

circuitry to store an existing value representative of at least one of a termination resistance and a driver strength to be applied in association with data communicated across a channel;

circuitry to perform a first calibration at system initialization, to identify a first value to be initially applied as the existing value, the first calibration to be performed during a first calibration interval prior to normal system operation; and

circuitry to periodically perform a second calibration, to update the existing value;

wherein the existing value is initially set and periodically updated responsive to the first calibration and the second calibration, respectively, and wherein the second calibration is constrained to be performed during a time period that is shorter than a time period of the first calibration.

18. The receive component of claim 17, wherein the circuitry to perform the second calibration is, responsive to the second calibration, to perform one of an increment operation or a decrement operation upon the existing value if the desired value has drifted from the existing value by more than a delta value relative to an existing value.

19. The receive component of claim 18, further comprising circuitry to store a first expected pattern and a second expected pattern, and circuitry to compare the first expected pattern with a pattern received from an external component in association with the first calibration, and to compare the second expected pattern with a pattern received from the external component in association with the second calibration.