Matching a resonant frequency of a resonant cavity to a frequency of an input voltage
First Claim
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1. A synchrocyclotron comprising:
- magnetic yokes that define a resonant cavity;
a source to provide input voltage to the resonant cavity, the source comprising a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO); and
feedback circuitry to control the source so that a frequency of the input voltage substantially matches a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, the feedback circuitry comprising;
a phase detector to detect a phase difference between the frequency of the input voltage and the resonant frequency;
an integrator to receive an output of the phase detector and to sum the output over timea filter to generate a control signal for the VCO based on an output of the integrator, the control signal for causing the VCO to change the frequency of the input voltage in accordance with the phase difference, andcircuitry to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range that the resonant cavity is swept.
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Abstract
A synchrocyclotron includes magnetic structures that define a resonant cavity, a source to provide particles to the resonant cavity, a voltage source to provide radio frequency (RF) voltage to the resonant cavity, a phase detector to detect a difference in phase between the RF voltage and a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity that changes over time, and a control circuit, responsive to the difference in phase, to control the voltage source so that a frequency of the RF voltage substantially matches the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A synchrocyclotron comprising:
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magnetic yokes that define a resonant cavity; a source to provide input voltage to the resonant cavity, the source comprising a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO); and feedback circuitry to control the source so that a frequency of the input voltage substantially matches a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, the feedback circuitry comprising; a phase detector to detect a phase difference between the frequency of the input voltage and the resonant frequency; an integrator to receive an output of the phase detector and to sum the output over time a filter to generate a control signal for the VCO based on an output of the integrator, the control signal for causing the VCO to change the frequency of the input voltage in accordance with the phase difference, and circuitry to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range that the resonant cavity is swept. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An apparatus comprising:
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magnetic structures that define a resonant cavity; a source to provide particles to the resonant cavity; a voltage source to provide radio frequency (RF) voltage to the resonant cavity; a phase detector to detect a difference in phase between the RF voltage and a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity that changes over time; and control circuitry, responsive to the difference in phase, to control the voltage source so that a frequency of the RF voltage substantially matches the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, the control circuitry comprising; an integrator to receive an output of the phase detector and to sum the output over time a filter to generate a control signal for the voltage source based on an output of the integrator, the control signal for causing the voltage source to change the frequency of the RF voltage in accordance with the difference in phase, and circuitry to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range that the resonant cavity is swept. - View Dependent Claims (10)
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11. An apparatus comprising:
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magnetic structures that define a resonant cavity; a source to provide particles to the resonant cavity; a voltage source to provide radio frequency (RF) voltage to the resonant cavity; a phase detector to detect a difference in phase between the RF voltage and a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity that changes over time; and control circuitry, responsive to the difference in phase, to control the voltage source so that a frequency of the RF voltage substantially matches the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, the control circuitry comprising; an integrator to receive an output of the phase detector and to sum the output over time; a filter to generate a control signal for the voltage source based on an output of the integrator, the control signal for causing the voltage source to change the frequency of the RF voltage in accordance with the difference in phase, and circuitry to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range that the resonant cavity is swept.
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12. Circuitry to substantially match an input voltage to a resonant cavity to a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, where the resonant frequency sweeps frequencies over time, the circuitry comprising:
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a phase detector to detect a difference in phase between the resonant frequency and the input voltage, the phase detector outputting a first signal that corresponds to the difference; an integrator and filter circuit to generate a control signal in response to the first signal; a voltage controlled oscillator to regulate the input voltage in response to the control signal; and circuits to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range of the resonant frequency. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method of matching an input voltage to a resonant cavity to a resonant frequency of the resonant cavity, where the resonant frequency sweeps frequencies over time, the method comprising:
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in a phase detector, detecting a difference in phase between the resonant frequency and the input voltage, a first signal corresponding to the difference; in a loop filter and integrator, generating a control signal in response to the first signal; and using a voltage controlled oscillator, regulating the input voltage in response to the control signal; where circuitry is used to present the phase detector with substantially constant frequencies over at least part of a frequency range of the resonant frequency. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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Specification