Secondary battery system and vehicle having secondary battery system

• US 8,935,023 B2
• Filed: 01/20/2010
• Issued: 01/13/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 01/26/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Aisin AW Company Limited (Aisin Corp.), Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Tomura, Shuji, Umeno, Takaji, Shimazu, Takashi, Hirota, Yasuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Edwards, Jerrah
• Application Number:
  US12/656,184
• Publication Number:
  US 20100191398A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,819 Days
• Field of Search: 701/22, 180/65.275, 180/65.29
• US Class Current: 701/22
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/44 Heat storages, e.g. for cabin heating
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/10 for monitoring or controlling batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/24 for controlling the temperature of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/246 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18127 Regenerative braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/0097 Predicting future conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/613 Cooling or keeping cold
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/615 Heating or keeping warm
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/625 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/633 characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6571 Resistive heaters arrangements for heating the battery by its resistance to the internal current H01M10/637
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/659 by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6595 by chemical reactions other than electrochemical reactions of the cells, e.g. catalytic heaters or burners
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/66 Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A secondary battery system comprises a secondary battery which receives regenerative electric power from a motor, a heat storage unit (heat storage device) which converts a part of electric power stored in the secondary battery or the regenerative electric power from the motor into heat and stores the heat, and which supplies the stored heat to the secondary battery when a temperature of the secondary battery is less than a low-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance when the electric power is extracted from the secondary battery, and an electric power distribution controller (ECU) which distributes the regenerative electric power from the motor to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit (heat storage device) when the temperature of the secondary battery is less than the low-temperature-side threshold value when the secondary battery receives the regenerative electric power from the motor.

Claims

1. A secondary battery system comprising:

a secondary battery configured to receive regenerative electric power from a motor;

a heat storage unit configured to convert a part of electric power stored in the secondary battery and the regenerative electric power from the motor into heat and store the heat in the heat storage unit, and which, when the electric power is extracted from the secondary battery, supply the stored heat to the secondary battery if a temperature of the secondary battery is less than a low-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance; and

an electric power distribution controller which, when the secondary battery receives the regenerative electric power from the motor, is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit if the temperature of the secondary battery is less than the low-temperature-side threshold value and if electric power in the secondary battery is not at full capacity.

2. The secondary battery system according to claim 1, further comprising:

a cooling-energy and warming-heat generation unit configured to convert thermal energy stored in the heat storage unit and generate cooling energy or amplify the thermal energy and generate warming heat, wherein

the cooling-energy and warming-heat generation unit is configured to supply the warming heat to the secondary battery when the temperature of the secondary battery is less than the low-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance, and supply the cooling energy to the secondary battery when the temperature of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to a high-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance.

3. The secondary battery system according to claim 1, wherein the electric power distribution controller is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit based on a remaining capacity of the battery.

4. A vehicle comprising:

a motor which runs the vehicle;

a secondary battery configured to receive regenerative electric power from the motor;

a heat storage unit configured to convert a part of electric power stored in the secondary battery and the regenerative electric power from the motor into heat and store the heat in the heat storage unit, and which, when the electric power is extracted from the secondary battery, supply the stored heat to the secondary battery if a temperature of the secondary battery is less than a low-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance; and

an electric power distribution controller which, when the secondary battery receives the regenerative electric power from the motor, is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit if the temperature of the secondary battery is less than the low-temperature-side threshold value and if electric power in the secondary battery is not at full capacity.

5. The vehicle according to claim 4, further comprising:

a cooling-energy and warming-heat generation unit configured to convert thermal energy stored in the heat storage unit and generate cooling energy or amplify the thermal energy and generate warming heat, wherein

the cooling-energy and warming-heat generation unit is configured to supply the warming heat to the secondary battery when the temperature of the secondary battery is less than the low-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance, and supply the cooling energy to the secondary battery when the temperature of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to a high-temperature-side threshold value which is set in advance.

6. The vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising:

an amount-of-electric-power controller configured to supply a part of the electric power of the secondary battery to the heat storage unit based on a usage frequency of the vehicle and the temperature of the secondary battery when the vehicle is stopped, wherein

the amount-of-electric-power controller is configured to supply a part of the electric power of the secondary battery to the heat storage unit when the temperature of the secondary battery is greater than or equal to a threshold value which is set in advance and the usage frequency of the vehicle is less than a threshold value which is set in advance, when the vehicle is stopped.

7. The vehicle according to claim 4, further comprising:

a state of charge detecting unit configured to detect an amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery, wherein

the electric power distribution controller is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit when the amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery detected by the state of charge detecting unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value which is set in advance.

8. The vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising:

a state of charge detecting unit configured to detect an amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery, wherein

the electric power distribution controller is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit when the amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery detected by the state of charge detecting unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value which is set in advance.

9. The vehicle according to claim 6, further comprising:

a state of charge detecting unit configured to detect an amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery, wherein

the electric power distribution controller is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit when the amount of remaining electric power of the secondary battery detected by the state of charge detecting unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value which is set in advance.

10. The vehicle according to claim 4, further comprising:

an electric power supply unit configured to supply electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit; and

a prediction unit configured to predict a usage frequency of the heat storage unit based on a temperature history of the secondary battery, wherein

when the usage frequency of the heat storage unit predicted by the prediction unit is less than a threshold value which is set in advance, the electric power distribution controller is configured to limit supply of electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit by the electric power supply unit, and distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit.

11. The vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising:

an electric power supply unit configured to supply electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit; and

a prediction unit configured to predict a usage frequency of the heat storage unit based on a temperature history of the secondary battery, wherein

when the usage frequency of the heat storage unit predicted by the prediction unit is less than a threshold value which is set in advance, the electric power distribution controller is configured to limit supply of electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit by the electric power supply unit, and distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit.

12. The vehicle according to claim 6, further comprising:

an electric power supply unit configured to supply electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit; and

a prediction unit configured to predict a usage frequency of the heat storage unit based on a temperature history of the secondary battery, wherein

when the usage frequency of the heat storage unit predicted by the prediction unit is less than a threshold value which is set in advance, the electric power distribution controller is configured to limit supply of electric power to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit by the electric power supply unit, and distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the heat storage unit.

13. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the electric power distribution controller is configured to distribute the regenerative electric power from the motor to the secondary battery and the heat storage unit based on a remaining capacity of the battery.