Charging apparatus for vehicle and method for charging vehicle

• US 8,937,455 B2
• Filed: 09/02/2008
• Issued: 01/20/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Mitsutani, Noritake
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): GRANT, ROBERT J
• Application Number:
  US12/675,094
• Publication Number:
  US 20110127956A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,331 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/54 Windings for different functions
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/24 including control of energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/24 Energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/24 Energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

An ECU detects a rated current that can be supplied from a power supply to a power storage device, based on a pilot signal. If a combination of detected values of a voltage, the rated current and a power supply frequency matches a predefined combination, the ECU executes charging with a voltage, a current and a frequency in accordance with the combination. On the other hand, if it is determined that the combination of the voltage, the rated current and the frequency does not match any one of predefined combinations and if it is determined that the power supply itself is normal, the ECU executes charging by limiting a charging current to a predefined minimum rated current value. If it is determined that the combination of the voltage, the rated current and the frequency does not match any one of predefined combinations and if it is determined that the power supply is abnormal, the ECU prohibits charging.

Claims

1. A charging apparatus for a vehicle by which a vehicle-mounted power storage device for driving the vehicle is charged from a power supply external to the vehicle, comprising:

a detecting unit for detecting electric power that can be supplied from said power supply to said vehicle, said detecting unit includes

a voltage detecting unit for detecting the voltage of said power supply, and

a rated current detecting unit for detecting a rated value of a current that can be received from said power supply;

a charging execution unit for receiving the electric power supplied from said power supply and executing charging of said power storage device, in accordance with a provided command; and

a control unit for determining whether or not a suppliable electric power detected by said detecting unit is included in a predefined standard, and controlling said charging execution unit based on a result of determination,

said control unit

controlling said charging execution unit to execute charging in accordance with the suppliable electric power, when said control unit determines that said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard,

controlling said charging execution unit to execute charging by limiting a charging current to a predefined value, when said control unit determines that said suppliable electric power is not included in said predefined standard and when said control unit determines that said power supply is normal based on a voltage of said power supply detected by said detecting unit, said predefined value being a minimal rated current value included in said predefined standard, and

prohibiting charging, when said control unit determines that said suppliable electric power is not included in said predefined standard and when said control unit determines that said power supply is abnormal,

wherein said control unit determines whether or not said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard, based on whether or not a combination of the voltage detected by said voltage detecting unit and a rated current detected by said rated current detecting unit matches at least one predefined combination.

2. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said vehicle includes a vehicle inlet configured to be capable of connecting a charging cable through which the electric power is supplied from said power supply to the vehicle, and

said control unit performs a process of determining whether or not said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard, when said control unit determines that said charging cable is connected to said vehicle inlet, based on a connection signal indicating that said charging cable is connected to said vehicle inlet.

3. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said control unit further detects a frequency of said power supply based on the detected voltage, and determines whether or not said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard, based on whether or not a combination of said detected voltage, said rated current and said frequency matches said at least one predefined combination.

4. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said rated current detecting unit includes

an EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) controller provided outside said vehicle for generating a pilot signal having a duty set in accordance with a magnitude of said rated current,

a control pilot line through which said pilot signal can be transmitted to said vehicle, and

a signal detecting unit mounted on said vehicle for detecting said rated current based on said pilot signal received from said control pilot line, and

said control unit determines that at least one of said EVSE controller and said control pilot line is abnormal when said control unit determines that said suppliable electric power is not included in said predefined standard and when said control unit determines that said power supply is normal based on the voltage of said power supply, and controls said charging execution unit to execute charging by limiting the charging current to said predefined value.

5. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said rated current detecting unit includes

an EVSE controller provided outside said vehicle for generating a pilot signal having a duty set in accordance with a magnitude of said rated current,

a control pilot line through which said pilot signal can be transmitted to said vehicle, and

a signal detecting unit mounted on said vehicle for detecting said rated current based on said pilot signal received from said control pilot line,

said EVSE controller can be operated by receiving the electric power from said power supply, and

said control unit determines that a conducting path is disconnected in a power line through which the electric power received from said power supply is supplied to said vehicle, when said pilot signal is sensed by said signal detecting unit and when the voltage detected by said voltage detecting unit is substantially zero.

6. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said charging execution unit is mounted on said vehicle,

said charging execution unit includes

a first AC rotating electric machine including, as a stator winding, a first multiphase winding connected in a form of a star,

a second AC rotating electric machine including, as a stator winding, a second multiphase winding connected in a form of a star,

a first inverter connected to said first multiphase winding for performing electric power conversion between said first AC rotating electric machine and said power storage device,

a second inverter connected to said second multiphase winding for performing electric power conversion between said second AC rotating electric machine and said power storage device,

a pair of power lines connected to a first neutral point of said first multiphase winding and a second neutral point of said second multiphase winding for providing said first and second neutral points with the electric power supplied from said power supply, and

a charging control unit for controlling said first and second inverters to convert a voltage of the electric power provided from said pair of power lines to said first and second neutral points and charge said power storage device.

7. The charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said charging execution unit is mounted on said vehicle, and

said charging execution unit includes a charger for converting the electric power supplied from said power supply to a voltage level of said power storage device and charging said power storage device.

8. A method for charging a vehicle configured such that a vehicle-mounted power storage device for driving the vehicle can be charged from a power supply external to the vehicle, comprising:

a first step of detecting electric power that can be supplied from said power supply to said vehicle, including detecting the voltage of said power supply and a rated value of a current that can be received from said power supply;

a second step of determining whether or not a suppliable electric power detected in said first step is included in a predefined standard based on whether or not a combination of said voltage of said power supply that has been detected and the rated current that has been detected matches at least one predefined combination;

a third step of executing charging in accordance with the suppliable electric power when it is determined that said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard;

a fourth step of determining whether or not said power supply is normal based on a voltage of said power supply detected in said first step, when it is determined that said suppliable electric power is not included in said predefined standard;

a fifth step of executing charging by limiting a charging current to a predefined value when it is determined that said power supply is normal, said predefined value being a minimal rated current value included in said predefined standard; and

a sixth step of prohibiting charging when it is determined that said power supply is abnormal.

9. The method for charging a vehicle according to claim 8, wherein

said vehicle includes a vehicle inlet configured to be capable of connecting a charging cable through which the electric power is supplied from said power supply to the vehicle,

said method for charging a vehicle further comprises a seventh step of determining whether or not said charging cable is connected to said vehicle inlet, based on a connection signal indicating that said charging cable is connected to said vehicle inlet, and

when it is determined in said seventh step that said charging cable is connected to said vehicle inlet, a process of determining whether or not said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard is performed in said second step.

10. The method for charging a vehicle according to claim 8, wherein

in said first step, a frequency of said power supply is further detected based on said voltage that has been detected, and

in said second step, it is determined whether or not said suppliable electric power is included in said predefined standard, based on whether or not a combination of the detected voltage, said rated current and said frequency matches said at least one predefined combination.

11. The method for charging a vehicle according to claim 8, wherein

a pilot signal having a duty set in accordance with a magnitude of said rated current is generated outside said vehicle,

said pilot signal is sent through a control pilot line to said vehicle,

in said first step, said rated value of the current is detected based on said pilot signal received from said control pilot line,

said method for charging a vehicle further comprises an eighth step of determining that an abnormality is found in said pilot signal when it is determined in said second step that said suppliable electric power is not included in said predefined standard and when it is determined in said fourth step that said power supply is normal, and

when it is determined in said eighth step that said abnormality is found, charging is executed by limiting the charging current to said predefined value in said fifth step.

12. The method for charging a vehicle according to claim 8, wherein

a pilot signal having a duty set in accordance with a magnitude of said rated current is generated outside said vehicle by using the electric power from said power supply,

said pilot signal is sent through a control pilot line to said vehicle,

in said first step, said rated value of the current is detected based on said pilot signal received from said control pilot line, and

said method for charging a vehicle further comprises a ninth step of determining that a conducting path is disconnected in a power line through which the electric power received from said power supply is supplied to said vehicle, when said pilot signal is sensed in said first step and when said voltage that has been detected is substantially zero.