Signal processing apparatus
First Claim
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1. A non-transitory computer useable medium having computer readable code, the computer readable code comprising:
- code configured to process a plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components, wherein the plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths and wherein each of the plurality of signals comprises a source component corresponding to a physiological parameter and an interference component;
code configured to process the plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of the plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of the plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients, and wherein the code configured to process the plurality of principal components comprisescode configured to separate the source component from the interference component; and
code configured to obtain a ratio of mixing coefficients from the matrix of mixing coefficients, wherein the ratio corresponds to a ratio of modulation ratios of red to infrared wavelengths of the plurality of wavelengths; and
code configured to extract a first measure of the physiological parameter corresponding to the source component from one of the plurality of independent components.
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Abstract
The present invention involves a method and an apparatus for analyzing measured signals, including the determination of a measurement of correlation in the measured signals during a calculation of a physiological parameter of a monitored patient. Use of this invention is described in particular detail with respect to blood oximetry measurements.
819 Citations
40 Claims
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1. A non-transitory computer useable medium having computer readable code, the computer readable code comprising:
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code configured to process a plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components, wherein the plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths and wherein each of the plurality of signals comprises a source component corresponding to a physiological parameter and an interference component; code configured to process the plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of the plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of the plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients, and wherein the code configured to process the plurality of principal components comprises code configured to separate the source component from the interference component; and code configured to obtain a ratio of mixing coefficients from the matrix of mixing coefficients, wherein the ratio corresponds to a ratio of modulation ratios of red to infrared wavelengths of the plurality of wavelengths; and code configured to extract a first measure of the physiological parameter corresponding to the source component from one of the plurality of independent components. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A pulse oximeter, comprising:
a processor configured to; process a plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components, wherein each of the plurality of signals comprises a source component corresponding to a physiological parameter and an interference component; process the plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of the plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of the plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients; and extract a first measure of the physiological parameter corresponding to the source component from one of the plurality of independent components, wherein the physiological parameter comprises a pulse rate.
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12. A pulse oximeter, comprising:
a processor configured to; process a plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components, wherein each of the plurality of signals comprises a source component corresponding to a physiological parameter and an interference component; process the plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of the plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of the plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients; and extract a first measure of the physiological parameter corresponding to the source component from one of the plurality of independent components, wherein the plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A pulse oximeter, comprising:
a processor configured to; process a plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components, wherein each of the plurality of signals comprises a source component corresponding to a physiological parameter and an interference component; process a plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of the plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of the plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients; and extract a first measure of the physiological parameter corresponding to the source component from one of the plurality of independent components, wherein the plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths from different times.
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25. A method for measuring a physiological parameter, comprising:
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measuring a plurality of signals, wherein each of said signals comprises a source component corresponding to said physiological parameter and an interference component; processing said plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components; processing said plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of said plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of said plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients; extracting a first measure of said physiological parameter corresponding to said source component from one of said plurality of independent components, wherein said plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths, and wherein said processing said plurality of principal components comprises maximizing a function of said plurality of signals; and obtaining a ratio of mixing coefficients from said matrix of mixing coefficients, wherein said ratio corresponds to a ratio of modulation ratios of red to infrared signals, wherein said plurality of signals comprise modulated optical signals in the red and infrared ranges. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A pulse oximeter, comprising:
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a sensor configured for measuring a plurality of signals, wherein each of said signals comprises a source component corresponding to said physiological parameter and an interference component; a computer useable medium having computer readable code embodied therein for measuring a physiological parameter, said computer readable code configured to cause a computer to execute functions comprising; processing said plurality of signals to obtain a plurality of principal components; processing said plurality of principal components to obtain a plurality of independent components, wherein a matrix of said plurality of signals corresponds to a matrix product of a matrix of said plurality of independent components and a matrix of mixing coefficients; extracting a first measure of said physiological parameter corresponding to said source component from one of said plurality of independent components, wherein said plurality of signals corresponds to sensed optical energies from a plurality of wavelengths; and
wherein said processing said plurality of principal components comprises maximizing a function of said plurality of signals; andobtaining a ratio of mixing coefficients from said matrix of mixing coefficients, wherein said ratio corresponds to a ratio of modulation ratios of red to infrared signals. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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Specification