Conductive dust detection

• US 8,950,239 B2
• Filed: 01/17/2012
• Issued: 02/10/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 01/17/2012
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Kuczynski, Joseph, Miller, Melissa K., Singh, Prabjit, Williams, Heidi D., Zhang, Jing
• Primary Examiner(s): Macchiarolo, Peter
• Assistant Examiner(s): KERAMET-AMIRCOLA, MOHAMMED E
• Application Number:
  US13/351,693
• Publication Number:
  US 20130180271A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,120 Days
• Field of Search: 73/280.1, 73/11.1, 733/350.1, 731/145.8, 732/61
• US Class Current: 73/28.01
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 15/0656 using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods by investigating individual particles G01N15/1031, G01N15/12
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2015/0046 in gas, e.g. smoke
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20181 Filters; Louvers
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20736 within cabinets for removing heat from server blades

Abstract

An apparatus is provided, which includes a dust detector, a voltage source, and a controller. The dust detector includes two opposing surfaces and a conductive dust sensor. The two opposing surfaces are disposed in spaced, opposing relation to allow for the passage of airflow between the surfaces, and the conductive dust sensor is disposed at a surface of the two opposing surfaces. The voltage source is configured and controlled to establish an electrostatic field at least partially between the two opposing surfaces to facilitate directing conductive particles in the airflow passing between the two opposing surfaces towards the dust sensor. The controller monitors for a leakage current within the conductive dust sensor and determines whether the leakage current exceeds a predetermined trigger level indicative of the presence of conductive dust, and if so, automatically indicates a conductive dust warning.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a dust detector comprising;

two opposing surfaces disposed in spaced, opposing relation with a gap therebetween to facilitate passage of an airflow in-between the two opposing surfaces substantially parallel thereto;

a conductive dust sensor, the conductive dust sensor comprising conductive lines exposed on one surface of the two opposing surfaces;

a voltage source to establish an electrostatic field at least partially between the two opposing surfaces, the electrostatic field facilitating re-directing, at least in part, conductive dust particles in the airflow passing in-between the two opposing surfaces towards the conductive lines of the conductive dust sensor exposed on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces; and

a controller configured to monitor for a leakage current within the conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling on the exposed conductive lines on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces within the gap between the two opposing surfaces, and to determine whether the leakage current exceeds a predetermined trigger level indicative of the presence of the conductive dust particles, and responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, to automatically indicate a conductive dust warning.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrostatic field between the two opposing surfaces is substantially perpendicular to a direction of the airflow passing in-between the two opposing surfaces.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the conductive dust sensor of the dust detector is a first conductive dust sensor exposed at a first surface of the two opposing surfaces, and the dust detector further comprises a second conductive dust sensor exposed at a second surface of the two opposing surfaces of the dust detector.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller controls the voltage source to apply a first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor to establish the electrostatic field for a time interval t, then discontinues applying the first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor and applies a second, detection voltage to the first conductive dust sensor and applies the second, detection voltage to the second conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the first conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon or for leakage current at the second conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon, and determines whether any leakage current exceeds the predetermined trigger level, and responsive to at least one leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, the controller automatically indicates the conductive dust warning.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor each comprise two interdigitated conductive comb structures.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein an exposed surface of the first conductive dust sensor and an exposed surface of the second conductive dust sensor each comprise a roughened surface that facilitates dust adsorption.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a dehumidifier, and wherein responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, the controller is configured to automatically control the dehumidifier to decrease relative humidity within a data center containing the apparatus.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dust detector further comprises a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate, the first conductive plate defining at least partially a first surface of the two opposing surfaces and the second conductive plate defining at least partially a second surface of the two opposing surfaces, and wherein the voltage source applies a first voltage between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate to establish the electrostatic field upstream of the conductive dust sensor in a direction of airflow passage in-between the first and second surfaces of the two opposing surfaces.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the conductive dust sensor is a first conductive dust sensor positioned on the first conductive plate.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the dust detector further comprises a second conductive dust sensor positioned on the second conductive plate.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor each comprise two interdigitated conductive comb structures, and an exposed surface of the first conductive dust sensor and an exposed surface of the second conductive dust sensor each comprise a roughened surface that facilitates dust adsorption, and wherein the voltage source applies a second, detection voltage to the first conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the first conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust sensor settling thereon and applies the second, detection voltage to the second conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the second conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon.

12. An electronics rack comprising:

at least one air-moving device to establish an airflow through the electronics rack; and

a monitoring apparatus associated with the electronics rack, the monitoring apparatus comprising;

at least one dust detector, said at least one dust detector comprising;

two opposing surfaces disposed in spaced, opposing relation with a gap therebetween to facilitate passage of an airflow in-between the two opposing surfaces substantially parallel thereto;

a conductive dust sensor, the conductive dust sensor comprising conductive lines and being exposed on one surface of the two opposing surfaces;

a voltage source to establish an electrostatic field at least partially between the two opposing surfaces, the electrostatic field facilitating re-directing, at least in part, conductive dust particles in the airflow passing in-between the two opposing surfaces towards the conductive lines of the conductive dust sensor exposed on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces; and

a controller configured to monitor for a leakage current within the conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling on the exposed conductive lines on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces within the gap between the two opposing surfaces, and to determine whether the leakage current exceeds a predetermined trigger level indicative of the presence of the conductive dust particles, and responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, to automatically indicate a conductive dust warning.

13. The electronics rack of claim 12, wherein the conductive dust sensor of each dust detector is a first conductive dust sensor exposed at a first surface of the two opposing surfaces, and each dust detector further comprises a second conductive dust sensor exposed at a second surface of the two opposing surfaces, and wherein the controller controls the voltage source to apply a first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor to establish the electrostatic field for a time interval t, then discontinues applying the first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor and applies a second, detection voltage to the first conductive dust sensor and applies the second, detection voltage to the second conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the first conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon or for leakage current at the second conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon, and determines whether any monitored leakage current exceeds the predetermined trigger level and responsive to at least one leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, the controller automatically indicates the conductive dust warning.

14. The electronics rack of claim 13, wherein the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor each comprise two interdigitated conductive comb structures, and wherein an exposed surface of the first conductive dust sensor and an exposed surface of the second conductive dust sensor each comprises a roughened surface that facilitates dust adsorption.

15. The electronics rack of claim 12, wherein the monitoring apparatus further comprises a dehumidifier, and wherein responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, the controller is configured to automatically control the dehumidifier to decrease relative humidity within a data center containing the electronics rack.

16. The electronics rack of claim 12, wherein the dust detector further comprises a first conductive plate and a second conductive plate, the first conductive plate defining at least partially a first surface of the two opposing surfaces and the second conductive plate defining at least partially a second surface of the two opposing surfaces, and wherein the voltage source applies a first voltage between the first conductive plate and the second conductive plate to establish the electrostatic field upstream of the conductive dust sensor in a direction of airflow passage in-between the first and second surfaces of the two opposing surfaces.

17. The electronics rack of claim 16, wherein the conductive dust sensor is a first conductive dust sensor positioned on the first conductive plate, and each dust detector further comprises a second conductive dust sensor positioned on the second conductive plate, wherein the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor each comprises two interdigitated conductive comb structures, and an exposed surface of the first conductive dust sensor and an exposed surface of the second conductive dust sensor each comprises a roughened surface that facilitates dust adsorption, and wherein the voltage source applies a second, detection voltage to the first conductive sensor to monitor for leakage current at the first conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon and applies the second, detection voltage to the second conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the second conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon.

18. A monitoring method comprising:

associating a dust detector with an electronics rack, the dust detector comprising;

two opposing surfaces disposed in spaced, opposing relation with a gap therebetween to facilitate passage of an airflow in-between the two opposing surfaces substantially parallel thereto;

a conductive dust sensor, the conductive dust sensor comprising conductive lines exposed on one surface of the two opposing surfaces; and

establishing an electrostatic field at least partially between the two opposing surfaces, the electrostatic field facilitating re-directing, at least in part, conductive dust particles in the airflow passing in-between the two opposing surfaces towards the conductive lines of the conductive dust sensor exposed on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces; and

monitoring, via a controller, for a leakage current within the conductive dust sensor indicative of the presence of conductive dust particles settling on the exposed conductive lines on the one surface of the two opposing surfaces within the gap between the two opposing surfaces, and determining whether the leakage current exceeds a predetermined trigger level; and

responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, automatically indicating a conductive dust warning.

19. The monitoring method of claim 18, wherein the conductive dust sensor of the dust detector is a first conductive dust sensor exposed at a first surface of the two opposing surfaces, and the dust detector further comprises a second conductive dust sensor exposed at a second surface of the two opposing surfaces of the dust detector, and wherein the method further comprises controlling the voltage source to apply a first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor to establish the electrostatic field for a time interval t, then discontinuing applying the first voltage between the first conductive dust sensor and the second conductive dust sensor and applying a second, detection voltage to the first conductive dust sensor and applying the second, detection voltage to the second conductive dust sensor to monitor for leakage current at the first conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon or for leakage current at the second conductive dust sensor due to conductive dust particles settling thereon, and determining whether any leakage current exceeds the predetermined trigger level, and responsive to at least one leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, then automatically indicating the conductive dust warning.

20. The monitoring method of claim 18, further comprising, responsive to the leakage current exceeding the predetermined trigger level, automatically dehumidifying a data center containing the electronics rack to decrease relative humidity within the data center, and thereby conductivity of any conductive dust entrained within the airflow.