Method of drying biomass
First Claim
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1. A process for biomass torrefaction, comprising:
- adding biomass to a reactor;
adding a first gas to said reactor, wherein the first gas comprises an oxygen concentration from about 10 vol % to about 21 vol %;
controlling an oxygen concentration of a second gas exiting said reactor, wherein said oxygen concentration of the second gas is less than about 8 vol %;
initiating heating of said biomass by increasing a temperature of said reactor;
heating said biomass to a biomass temperature between about 250°
C. to about 325°
C. by partial combustion of said biomass with oxygen in the first gas in said reactor; and
maintaining the biomass temperature within said reactor for a predetermined time by spraying water into said reactor, wherebya portion of moisture is removed from said biomass,volatile organic compounds associated with said biomass are removed,and said biomass is torrefied to produce a torrefied biomass with a moisture content from about 0 wt % to about 2 wt %.
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Abstract
A process for torrefaction of biomass is provided in which biomass are passed into a fluidized bed or a non-fluidized bed reactor and heated to a predetermined temperature in an oxidizing environment. The dried biomass is then fed to a cooler where the temperature of the product is reduced to approximately 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
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Citations
47 Claims
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1. A process for biomass torrefaction, comprising:
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adding biomass to a reactor; adding a first gas to said reactor, wherein the first gas comprises an oxygen concentration from about 10 vol % to about 21 vol %; controlling an oxygen concentration of a second gas exiting said reactor, wherein said oxygen concentration of the second gas is less than about 8 vol %; initiating heating of said biomass by increasing a temperature of said reactor; heating said biomass to a biomass temperature between about 250°
C. to about 325°
C. by partial combustion of said biomass with oxygen in the first gas in said reactor; andmaintaining the biomass temperature within said reactor for a predetermined time by spraying water into said reactor, whereby a portion of moisture is removed from said biomass, volatile organic compounds associated with said biomass are removed, and said biomass is torrefied to produce a torrefied biomass with a moisture content from about 0 wt % to about 2 wt %. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A single stage process for biomass torrefaction, comprising:
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charging biomass to a fluidized bed reactor, said biomass selected from the group consisting of wood, forestry waste, energy crops, municipal waste, plant material, straw, agricultural waste, and combinations thereof; charging a fluidizing gas to said fluidized bed reactor at a velocity of from about 4 to about 8 feet per second; combusting an amount of said biomass in said fluidized bed reactor; spraying liquid water into said fluidized bed reactor to assist with control of a temperature of said fluidized bed reactor from about 230°
C. to about 350°
C.;maintaining an oxygen content of less than about 15 vol. % in an exiting gas leaving said fluidized bed reactor; removing moisture from said biomass, wherein said biomass charged to said fluidized bed reactor has an average moisture content of from about 10% to about 50%, and wherein said fluidized bed reactor is comprised of a fluidized bed with a fluidized bed density of from about 20 to about 50 pounds per cubic foot, whereby a torrefied biomass is produced. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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Specification