MIC covering detection in personal audio devices

• US 8,958,571 B2
• Filed: 09/30/2011
• Issued: 02/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cirrus Logic Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Cirrus Logic Incorporated
• Inventors: Kwatra, Nitin, Alderson, Jeffrey, D. Hendrix, Jon
• Primary Examiner(s): Shah, Paras D
• Assistant Examiner(s): THOMAS-HOMESCU, ANNE L
• Application Number:
  US13/249,711
• Publication Number:
  US 20120310640A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,236 Days
• Field of Search: 704200-257, 704/270, 704/275, 455/575.2, 381/71.1, 381/71.11, 381/123, 381/71.6, 381/92, 381/365, 381/59, 381/94.2, 381/119, 381/66, 381/86, 381/72, 381/60, 381/71.2, 381/94.3, 381/71.4, 381/122, 381/58, 381/71.7, 381/56, 381/375, 381/26, 381/71.9, 381/73.1, 381/313, 381/95, 381/57, 381/312, 381/94.7, 381/58.7
• US Class Current: 381/94.1
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/175 using interference effects; Masking sound
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17823 Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17825 Error signals
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/1783 handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17837 by retaining part of the ambient acoustic environment, e.g. speech or alarm signals that the user needs to hear
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17854 the filter being an adaptive filter
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17855 for improving speed or power requirements
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17881 the reference signal being an acoustic signal, e.g. recorded with a microphone
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17885 additionally using a desired external signal, e.g. pass-through audio such as music or speech
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/108 Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/30231 Sources, e.g. identifying noisy processes or components
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/30391 Resetting of the filter parameters or changing the algorithm according to prevailing conditions
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/503 Diagnostics; Stability; Alarms; Failsafe
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/0208 Noise filtering
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 1/20 Arrangements for preventing acoustic feed-back H04M1/62 takes precedence

Abstract

A personal audio device, such as a wireless telephone, includes noise canceling circuit that adaptively generates an anti-noise signal from a reference microphone signal and injects the anti-noise signal into the speaker or other transducer output to cause cancellation of ambient audio sounds. An error microphone may also be provided proximate the speaker to estimate an electro-acoustical path from the noise canceling circuit through the transducer. A processing circuit uses the reference and/or error microphone, optionally along with a microphone provided for capturing near-end speech, to determine whether one of the reference or error microphones is obstructed by comparing their received signal content and takes action to avoid generation of erroneous anti-noise.

Claims

1. A personal audio device, comprising:

a personal audio device housing;

a transducer mounted on the housing for reproducing an audio signal including both source audio for playback to a listener and an anti-noise signal for countering the effects of ambient audio sounds in the proximity of an acoustic output of the transducer;

a plurality of microphones, including a first microphone mounted on the housing that, when unobstructed, provides a first microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds, wherein a second microphone of the plurality of microphones is mounted on the housing and that, when unobstructed, provides a second microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds; and

a processing circuit that implements a first adaptive filter having a response that generates the anti-noise signal from the first microphone signal, a second adaptive filter for generating shaped source audio from the source audio and a combiner for removing the shaped source audio from the second microphone signal to generate an error signal provided to a coefficient control block that controls coefficients of the first adaptive filter, wherein the processing circuit implements a first signal level detector for detecting a first amplitude of the first microphone signal to generate a first microphone level signal and at second signal level detector for detecting a second amplitude of the second microphone signal to generate a second microphone level signal, and wherein the processing circuit further compares the first microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone and, in response to determining that a first differences between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone indicates that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, halts adaptation of the first adaptive filter so that first coefficients of the first adaptive filter are maintained at their existing values to prevent the anti-noise signal from being generated erroneously, and wherein the processing circuit compares the second microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphones other than the second microphone, and in response to determining that a second difference between the second microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the second microphone indicates that the second microphone is at least partially obstructed, halts adaptation of the first adaptive filter and the second adaptive filter and resets the first coefficients and the second coefficients to predetermined values.

2. The personal audio device of claim 1, wherein the first microphone is a reference microphone that provides a reference microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds, and wherein the processing circuit generates the anti-noise signal from the reference microphone signal.

3. The personal audio device of claim 2, wherein the second microphone is an error microphone that provides an error microphone signal indicative of the acoustic output of the transducer, wherein the processing circuit corrects the anti-noise signal for changes due to an electro-acoustic path through the transducer using the error microphone signal, and wherein the processing circuit determines the first differences between the error microphone signal and the reference microphone signal.

4. The personal audio device of claim 3, wherein the plurality of microphones includes a speech microphone provided for capturing near end speech of a user of the personal audio device and providing a speech signal indicative of the near end speech, and wherein the processing circuit halts the adaptation of the first adaptive filter in response to determining that differences between a first level of the ambient audio sounds present in the reference microphone signal, a second level of the ambient audio sounds present in the error microphone signal, and a third level of the ambient audio sounds present in the speech signal indicate that the reference microphone or the error microphone is at least partially obstructed.

5. The personal audio device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit further, in response to determining that the first difference between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone indicates that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, mutes the anti-noise signal.

6. The personal audio device of claim 1, wherein the processing circuit further filters the first microphone signal and the second microphone signal to retain only frequencies below a cut-off frequency at inputs to the first signal level detector and the second signal level detector in order to determine that the error microphone is at least partially obstructed.

7. The personal audio device of claim 6, wherein the cutoff frequency is substantially equal to 100 Hz.

8. The personal audio device of claim 1, wherein the personal audio device is a wireless telephone further comprising a transceiver for receiving the source audio as a downlink audio signal.

9. The personal audio device of claim 1, wherein the personal audio device is an audio playback device, wherein the source audio is a program audio signal.

10. A method of preventing production of erroneous anti-noise in a personal audio device having adaptive noise canceling, the method comprising:

producing an acoustic output with a transducer, the acoustic output including both source audio for playback to a listener and an anti-noise signal for countering the effects of ambient audio sounds in the proximity of an acoustic output of the transducer;

first measuring the ambient audio sounds with a first microphone of a plurality of microphones to generate a first microphone signal;

generating the anti-noise signal from the first microphone signal with a first adaptive filter;

second measuring the ambient audio sounds with second microphone of the plurality of microphones to generate a second microphone signal;

first detecting a first amplitude of the first microphone signal to generate a first microphone level signal;

second detecting a second amplitude of the at least one second microphone signal to generate at least one second microphone level signal;

first comparing the first microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone to determine a first differences between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone;

determining whether the first microphone is at least partially obstructed from a result of the first comparing;

first taking action in response to determining that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, by halting adaptation of the first adaptive filter so that first coefficients of the adaptive filter are maintained at their existing values to prevent the anti-noise signal from being generated erroneously;

second comparing the second microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphones other than the second microphone to determine a second differences between the second microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the second microphone;

determining whether the second microphone is at least partially obstructed from a result of the second comparing; and

second taking action in response to determining that the second microphone is at least partially obstructed, by halting adaptation of the first adaptive filter and the second adaptive filter and resetting the first coefficients and the second coefficients to predetermined values.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first microphone is a reference microphone that provides a reference microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds, and wherein the method further comprises generating the anti-noise signal from the reference microphone signal.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the second microphone is an error microphone that provides an error microphone signal indicative of the acoustic output of the transducer, wherein the method further corrects the anti-noise signal for changes due to an electro-acoustic path through the transducer using the error microphone signal, and wherein the comparing compares the error microphone signal and the reference microphone signal.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the plurality of microphones includes a speech microphone provided for capturing near end speech of a user of the personal audio device and providing a speech signal indicative of the near end speech, and wherein the first taking action and the second taking action are performed in response to determining that difference between a first level of the ambient audio sounds present in the reference microphone signal, a second level of the ambient audio sounds present in the error microphone signal, and a third level of the ambient audio sounds present in the speech signal that indicate that the reference microphone or the error microphone is at least partially obstructed.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the first taking action further, in response to determining that a first differences between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphones other than the first microphone indicates that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, mutes the anti-noise signal.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the comparing further filters the first microphone signal and the second microphone signal to retain only frequencies below a cut-off frequency at inputs to the first detecting and the second detecting in order to determine that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the cutoff frequency is substantially equal to 100 Hz.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the personal audio device is a wireless telephone, and wherein the method further comprises receiving the source audio as a downlink audio signal.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the personal audio device is an audio playback device, wherein the source audio is a program audio signal.

19. An integrated circuit for implementing at least a portion of a personal audio device, comprising:

an output for providing a signal to a transducer including both source audio for playback to a listener and an anti-noise signal for countering the effects of ambient audio sounds in an acoustic output of the transducer;

a first microphone input of a plurality of microphone inputs for receiving a first microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds from a first microphone;

a second microphone input of the plurality of microphone inputs for receiving a second microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds from a second microphone; and

a plurality of microphones, including a first microphone mounted on the housing that, when unobstructed, provides a first microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds, wherein a second microphone of the plurality of microphones is mounted on the housing and that, when unobstructed, provides a second microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds; and

a processing circuit that implements a first adaptive filter having a response that generates the anti-noise signal from the first microphone signal, a second adaptive filter for generating shaped source audio from the source audio and a combiner for removing the shaped source audio from the second microphone signal to generate an error signal provided to a coefficient control block that controls coefficients of the first adaptive filter, wherein the processing circuit implements a first signal level detector for detecting a first amplitude of the first microphone signal to generate a first microphone level signal and second signal level detector for detecting a second amplitude of the second microphone signal to generate a second microphone level signal, and wherein the processing circuit further compares the first microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphone inputs other than the first microphone input and, in response to determining that a first differences between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphone inputs other than the first microphone input indicates that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, halts adaptation of the first adaptive filter so that first coefficients of the first adaptive filter are maintained at their existing values to prevent the anti-noise signal from being generated erroneously, and wherein the processing circuit compares the second microphone level signal and a signal level of one of the plurality of microphones inputs other than the second microphone input, and in response to determining that a second differences between the second microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphone inputs other than the second microphone input indicates that the second microphone is at least partially obstructed, halts adaptation of the first adaptive filter and the second adaptive filter and resets the first coefficients and the second coefficients to predetermined values.

20. The integrated circuit of claim 19, wherein the first microphone signal is a reference microphone signal indicative of the ambient audio sounds, and wherein the processing circuit generates the anti-noise signal from the reference microphone signal.

21. The integrated circuit of claim 20, wherein the second microphone signal is an error microphone signal indicative of the acoustic output of the transducer, wherein the processing circuit corrects the anti-noise signal for changes due to an electro-acoustic path through the transducer using the error microphone signal, and wherein the processing circuit determines the difference between the error microphone signal and the reference microphone signal.

22. The integrated circuit of claim 21, wherein the plurality of microphone inputs includes a speech microphone input for receiving a speech signal indicative of near end speech, and wherein the processing circuit halts the adaptation of the first adaptive filter in response to determining that differences between a first level of the ambient audio sounds present in the reference microphone signal, a second level of the ambient audio sounds present in the error microphone signal, and a third level of the ambient audio sounds present in the speech signal indicate that the first microphone or the second microphone is at least partially obstructed.

23. The integrated circuit of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit further, in response to determining that a difference between the first microphone level signal and the signal level of the one of the plurality of microphone inputs other than the first microphone input indicates that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed, mutes the anti-noise signal.

24. The integrated circuit of claim 19, wherein the processing circuit further filters the first microphone signal and the second microphone signal to retain only frequencies below a cut-off frequency at inputs to the first signal level detector and the second signal level detector in order to determine that the first microphone is at least partially obstructed.

25. The integrated circuit of claim 24, wherein the cutoff frequency is substantially equal to 100 Hz.