Fast charging of battery using adjustable voltage control
First Claim
1. A battery cell charging system, including a charger and a controller, for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell, the battery cell charging system comprising:
- a circuit for charging the battery cell using an adjustable voltage charging-profile to apply a charging voltage and a charging current to the battery cell wherein said adjustable voltage charging-profile includes;
a first charging stage with a constant first stage charging current and an increasing battery cell voltage with said first stage charging current provided until said first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than a maximum battery cell voltage;
one or more intermediate charging stages, each intermediate stage selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant power stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, and an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, and combinations thereof; and
a final charging stage with a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with said final stage charging voltage provided until said final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level.
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Abstract
A battery cell charger for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell (or string of series-parallel connected cells) having a maximum battery cell voltage the battery cell charging system including: a circuit for charging the battery cell using an adjustable voltage charging-profile to apply a charging voltage and a charging current to the battery cell wherein the adjustable voltage charging-profile includes: a first charging stage with a constant first stage charging current and an increasing battery cell voltage with the first stage charging current provided until the first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than the maximum battery cell voltage; one or more intermediate charging stages, each intermediate stage selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, and combinations thereof; and a final charging stage with a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with the final stage charging voltage provided until the final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A battery cell charging system, including a charger and a controller, for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell, the battery cell charging system comprising:
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a circuit for charging the battery cell using an adjustable voltage charging-profile to apply a charging voltage and a charging current to the battery cell wherein said adjustable voltage charging-profile includes; a first charging stage with a constant first stage charging current and an increasing battery cell voltage with said first stage charging current provided until said first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than a maximum battery cell voltage; one or more intermediate charging stages, each intermediate stage selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant power stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, and an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, and combinations thereof; and a final charging stage with a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with said final stage charging voltage provided until said final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A battery cell charging method for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell, the battery cell charging method comprising:
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(a) applying, to the battery cell, a constant first stage charging current and an increasing battery cell voltage with said first stage charging current provided until said first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than a maximum battery cell voltage; and
thereafter(b) applying, to the battery cell, one or more intermediate charging profiles, each intermediate charging profile selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant power stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, and combinations thereof; and
thereafter(c) applying, to the battery cell, a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with said final stage charging voltage provided until said final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level.
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19. A battery cell charging system, including a charger and a controller, for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell, the battery cell charging system comprising:
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a circuit for charging the battery cell using an adjustable voltage charging-profile to apply a charging voltage and a charging current to the battery cell wherein said adjustable voltage charging-profile includes; a first charging stage with a constant first stage charging power and an increasing battery cell voltage with said first stage charging power provided until said first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than a maximum battery cell voltage; one or more intermediate charging stages, each intermediate stage selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant power stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, and an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, and combinations thereof; and a final charging stage with a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with said final stage charging voltage provided until said final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level.
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20. A battery cell charging method for rapidly charging a lithium ion battery cell, the battery cell charging method comprising:
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(a) applying, to the battery cell, a constant first stage charging power and an increasing battery cell voltage with said first stage charging power provided until said first stage charging voltage is about equal to a first stage complete voltage less than a maximum battery cell voltage; and
thereafter(b) applying, to the battery cell, one or more intermediate charging profiles, each intermediate charging profile selected from the group consisting of one or more of an intermediate constant current stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant power stage that produces an increasing battery cell voltage, an intermediate constant voltage stage that provides a decreasing charging current, and combinations thereof; and
thereafter(c) applying, to the battery cell, a constant final stage charging voltage about equal to an intermediate stage complete voltage and a decreasing final stage charging current with said final stage charging voltage provided until said final stage charging current reaches a desired charge complete level.
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Specification