Battery thermal management system including thermoelectric assemblies in thermal communication with a battery

• US 8,974,942 B2
• Filed: 05/18/2010
• Issued: 03/10/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gentherm Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Gentherm Incorporated
• Inventors: Bell, Lon E., LaGrandeur, John, Davis, Stephen
• Primary Examiner(s): Cullen, Sean P
• Application Number:
  US12/782,532
• Publication Number:
  US 20100291414A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,757 Days
• Field of Search: 429/62, 429/72, 429/83, 429/120
• US Class Current: 429/120
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/486 for measuring temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/61 Types of temperature control
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/613 Cooling or keeping cold
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/615 Heating or keeping warm
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/625 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/637 characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching means for preventing undesired use or discharge H01M50/572
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/653 characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6556 Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange closed pipes H01M10/6552
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6563 with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6568 characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6572 Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/20 Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/24 adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion thermal insulation H01M10/658
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/249 specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles B60L50/64
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

In certain embodiments, a battery thermal management system includes at least one battery, at least one thermoelectric device in thermal communication with the at least one battery, and a conduit comprising an inlet configured to allow a working fluid to enter and flow into the conduit and into thermal communication with the at least one thermoelectric device. The conduit further comprises an outlet configured to allow the working fluid to exit and flow from the conduit and away from being in thermal communication with the at least one thermoelectric device. The battery thermal management system can further include a first flow control device which directs the working fluid through the inlet of the conduit and a second flow control device which directs the working fluid through the outlet of the conduit. The first flow control device and the second flow control device are each separately operable from one another.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management system comprising:

at least one battery;

at least a first thermoelectric assembly and a second thermoelectric assembly in thermal communication with the at least one battery, the at least first and second thermoelectric assemblies each comprise thermoelectric devices, wherein the first thermoelectric assembly is in electrical communication with the second thermoelectric assembly;

wherein the first thermoelectric assembly comprises at least a first group of the thermoelectric devices and a second group of the thermoelectric devices, wherein the thermoelectric devices of the first group are in parallel electrical communication with one another and the thermoelectric devices of the second group are in parallel electrical communication with one another,

wherein the second thermoelectric assembly comprises at least a third group of the thermoelectric devices and a fourth group of the thermoelectric devices, wherein the thermoelectric devices of the third group are in parallel electrical communication with one another and the thermoelectric devices of the fourth group are in parallel electrical communication with one another,

wherein each of the thermoelectric devices comprise a plurality of thermoelectric elements; and

a circuit in electrical communication with the first thermoelectric assembly and the second thermoelectric assembly, the circuit configured to be selectively switchable to place the first thermoelectric assembly either in series electrical communication or parallel electrical communication with the second thermoelectric assembly in response to at least one parameter,

wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one temperature of a working fluid that flows into thermal communication with the at least one battery.

2. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the first thermoelectric assembly are in series electrical communication with the at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the first thermoelectric assembly and at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the second thermoelectric assembly are in series electrical communication with the at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the second thermoelectric assembly.

3. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the first thermoelectric assembly are in parallel electrical communication with the at least some of the plurality of thermoelectric elements of the first thermoelectric assembly.

4. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the first group of the thermoelectric devices is in series electrical communication with the second group of the thermoelectric devices.

5. The battery thermal management system of claim 4, wherein the third group of the thermoelectric devices is in series electrical communication with the fourth group of the thermoelectric devices.

6. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least first and second thermoelectric assemblies are selectively operable to either heat or cool the at least one battery.

7. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the circuit is selectively switchable to adjust current flow through the first thermoelectric assembly and the second thermoelectric assembly.

8. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one temperature of the working fluid comprises at least one of inlet fluid temperature, a conditioned fluid temperature, and a temperature differential between fluid inlet and outlet.

9. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one temperature of the working fluid of the at least one parameter comprises:

a working fluid inlet temperature; and

a working fluid outlet temperature.

10. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter is measured at a plurality of locations within the system.

11. The battery thermal management system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of locations comprises a working fluid inlet and a working fluid outlet of the system.

12. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further comprises the temperature of the at least one battery.

13. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further comprises at least one of (i) a temperature difference between a conditioning side and a heat rejection side or (ii) a fluid control device temperature.

14. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter further comprises:

a conditioning side temperature measurement;

a heat rejection side temperature measurement; and

a fluid control device temperature measurement.

15. The battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein performance of the system is altered by changing at least one of a flow path of the working fluid or a flow rate of the working fluid.