Radiation apertures for X-ray collimators

• US 8,976,934 B2
• Filed: 06/19/2012
• Issued: 03/10/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Demianovich, Nicholas
• Primary Examiner(s): Yun, Jurie
• Application Number:
  US13/527,328
• Publication Number:
  US 20130336448A1
• Time in Patent Office: 994 Days
• Field of Search: 378/147, 378/150
• US Class Current: 378/147
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/06 Diaphragms
• CPC Class Codes: G21K 1/02 using diaphragms, collimators

Abstract

A collimator includes an x-ray blocking surface including one or more generally flat plates defining an aperture edge. The aperture edge includes a first end portion including a first end of the aperture edge, a second end portion including a second end of the aperture edge, and a central portion including a center of the aperture edge. The first end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a first end portion of a detector, the second end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a second end portion of the detector, and the central portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a central portion of the detector. A profile of the aperture edge is discontinuous at a point between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

Claims

1. A collimator comprising:

an x-ray blocking surface comprising a one-piece plate defining an aperture formed therethrough, the aperture defining an aperture edge,

wherein the aperture edge includes a first end portion including a first end of the aperture edge, a second end portion including a second end of the aperture edge, and a central portion including a center of the aperture edge, the central portion interposed between the first and second end portions, wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a first end portion of a detector, the second end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a second end portion of the detector, and the central portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a central portion of the detector; and

wherein a profile of the aperture edge is discontinuous at a point between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

2. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the profile of the aperture edge is discontinuous at a plurality of points between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

3. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the aperture edge comprises a linear portion and a curved portion joining the linear portion, wherein a joining point defining the location where the linear portion joins the curved portion defines a discontinuity of the aperture edge.

4. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge includes a flat segment extending along a length of the aperture edge, and the central portion of the aperture edge includes a non-linear portion extending along the length of the aperture edge.

5. The collimator of claim 4, wherein the non-linear portion is configured to provide a first, substantially linear beam projection edge corresponding to the central portion of the detector, and wherein the flat segment is configured to provide a second beam projection edge that extends inwardly from the first, substantially linear beam projection in a lateral direction when the collimator is used to shape a beam for projection onto a curved detector.

6. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the aperture edge includes a plurality of differently sloped linear segments interposed between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

7. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the central portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a first beam projection substantially conforming with a profile of the central portion of the detector, and the first end portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a second beam projection substantially differing with a profile of the first end portion of the detector.

8. The collimator of claim 1, wherein the aperture edge is asymmetric about a center line bisecting a length of the collimator.

9. A system comprising:

an x-ray source, the x-ray source providing an x-ray beam;

a detector, the detector receiving a portion of the x-ray beam; and

a collimator interposed between the detector and the x-ray source, the collimator comprising

an x-ray blocking surface comprising a one-piece plate defining an aperture formed therethrough, the aperture defining an aperture edge, the x-ray blocking surface configured so that the one-piece plate prevents x-ray transmission and the aperture allows x-ray transmission therethrough, wherein a projection of the beam is projected proximate to the detector;

wherein the aperture edge includes a first end portion including a first end of the aperture edge, a second end portion including a second end of the aperture edge, and a central portion including a center of the aperture edge, the central portion interposed between the first and second end portions, wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a first end portion of the detector, the second end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a second end portion of the detector, and the central portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a central portion of the detector; and

wherein a profile of the aperture edge is discontinuous at a point between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the profile of the aperture edge is discontinuous at a plurality of points between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the aperture edge comprises a linear portion and a curved portion joining the linear portion, wherein a joining point defining the location where the linear portion joins the curved portion defines a discontinuity of the aperture edge.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge includes a flat segment extending along a length of the aperture edge, and the central portion of the aperture edge includes a non-linear portion extending along the length of the aperture edge.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the detector is curved along a direction transverse to a central projection of the beam, wherein the non-linear portion is configured to provide a first, substantially linear beam projection edge corresponding to the central portion of the detector, and wherein the flat segment is configured to provide a second beam projection edge that extends inwardly from the first, substantially linear beam projection in a lateral direction.

14. The system of claim 9, wherein the aperture edge includes a plurality of differently sloped linear segments interposed between the first end of the aperture edge and the center of the aperture edge.

15. The system of claim 9, wherein the central portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a first beam projection substantially conforming with a profile of the central portion of the detector, and the first end portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a second beam projection substantially differing with a profile of the first end portion of the detector.

16. The system of claim 9, wherein the detector comprises elements in the first end portion configured for measurement of flux of the beam.

17. The system of claim 9 further comprising a processor, the processor configured to reconstruct an image using information from the detector, wherein the processor is configured to use information received from the central portion of the detector to reconstruct the image and to use information from the first end of the detector to track a focal point of the beam.

18. A system comprising:

an x-ray source, the x-ray source providing an x-ray beam;

a detector, the detector receiving a portion of the x-ray beam;

a collimator interposed between the detector and the x-ray source, the collimator comprising

an x-ray blocking surface defining an aperture, the x-ray blocking surface comprising one or more generally flat plates defining an aperture edge of the aperture, the x-ray blocking surface configured so that the one or more generally flat plates prevent x-ray transmission and the aperture allows x-ray transmission therethrough, wherein a projection of the beam is projected proximate to the detector;

wherein the aperture edge includes a first end portion including a first end of the aperture edge, a second end portion including a second end of the aperture edge, and a central portion including a center of the aperture edge, the central portion interposed between the first and second end portions, wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a first end portion of the detector, the second end portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a second end portion of the detector, and the central portion of the aperture edge corresponds to a central portion of the detector; and

wherein the central portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a first beam projection portion substantially conforming with a profile of the central portion of the detector, and the first end portion of the aperture edge is configured to provide a second beam projection portion substantially differing with a profile of the first end portion of the detector; and

a processor configured to reconstruct an image using information provided by the detector, wherein information provided by the central portion of the detector is processed in a first manner including reconstruction of an image and information provided by the first end portion of the detector is processed in a second manner including tracking processing.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the detector has a generally rectangular footprint and is curved along a direction transverse to a central projection of the beam, and wherein the first end portion of the aperture edge include a flat segment and the central portion of the aperture edge includes a non-linear portion.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein a joining point defining a location where the flat segment joins the non-linear portion defines a discontinuity of the aperture edge.

21. The system of claim 18, wherein the detector comprises a subgroup of elements configured to detect a flux of the second beam projection portion, the subgroup of elements positioned proximate to one or more edges of the detector.