Electrical charging apparatus

• US 8,981,708 B2
• Filed: 02/17/2012
• Issued: 03/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Aloys Wobben
• Original Assignee: Aloys Wobben
• Inventors: Diedrichs, Volker, Beekmann, Alfred
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US13/399,855
• Publication Number:
  US 20130043825A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,124 Days
• Field of Search: 320/101, 320/109, 307/82, 307/87
• US Class Current: 320/101
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/52 Wind-driven generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/53 Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/67 Controlling two or more charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 9/11 storing electrical energy
• CPC Class Codes: F03D 9/25 the apparatus being an electrical generator F03D9/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/18 Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks for adjustment of voltage H02J3/16
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/72 Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/30 Reactive power compensation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 70/30 Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

The present invention concerns a charging apparatus for charging electric storage devices of electric vehicles including a feed-in unit for feeding electric energy into an electric ac voltage network including an electric dc voltage intermediate circuit for the intermediate storage of electric energy with an intermediate circuit voltage, and an inverter for converting a direct current of the dc voltage intermediate circuit into an alternating current, for feeding it into the electric ac voltage network and for converting an alternating current from the ac voltage network into a direct current for feeding it into the dc voltage intermediate circuit, and at least one electric storage charge circuit for at least partial charging of one of the electric storage devices from the dc voltage intermediate circuit and for at least partial discharging of one of the electric storage devices into the dc voltage intermediate circuit.

Claims

1. A charging apparatus for charging electric storage devices of electric vehicles including

a feed-in unit for feeding electric energy into an electric ac voltage network including

an electric dc voltage intermediate circuit for the intermediate storage of electric energy with an intermediate circuit voltage, and

an inverter circuit for converting a direct current of the dc voltage intermediate circuit into an alternating current for feeding it into the electric ac voltage network and for converting an alternating current from the ac voltage network into a dc voltage for feeding it into the dc voltage intermediate circuit, and

at least one electric storage charge circuit for at least partial charging one of the electric storage devices from the dc voltage intermediate circuit and for at least partial discharging of one of the electric storage devices into the dc voltage intermediate circuit.

2. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the feed-in unit is provided to feed reactive power into the electric ac voltage network and wherein a feed-in unit of a wind power installation is used as the feed-in unit.

3. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the feed-in unit is provided for controlling the intermediate circuit voltage to a predeterminable value.

4. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein 1 the feed-in unit is designed to selectively feed active power into the ac voltage network or take active power from the ac voltage network and to feed reactive power into the ac voltage network or take reactive power from the ac voltage network.

5. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 comprising an input interface for the input of an active power reference value for predetermining an active power to be fed into or taken from the ac voltage network and/or for the input of an reactive power reference value for predetermining a reactive power to be fed into or taken from the ac voltage network.

6. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the at least one electric storage charge circuit is electrically connected to the dc voltage intermediate circuit and is adapted to be insensitive in respect of variations in the intermediate circuit voltage.

7. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 including a network service power control unit for coordinating the control of the feed-in unit and the at least one electric storage charge circuit.

8. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the at least one electric storage charge circuit comprises at least one of the following:

a buck converter connected to the dc voltage intermediate circuit for controlling a charging current for at least partial charging of the electric storage device, and

a boost converter connected to the dc voltage intermediate circuit for controlling a discharging current for at least partial discharging of the electric storage device.

9. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein at least one electric storage charge circuit has an electric storage device charging control unit for controlling at least one of a boost converter, a buck converter, and for detecting:

a charging or discharging current,

an electric charging voltage of an electric storage device connected to the electric storage charge circuit, and

a charging or discharging power and a charging condition of an electric storage device connected to the electric storage charge circuit.

10. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein there are provided a plurality of electric storage charge circuit for at least partial charging and/or discharging of a respective electric storage device.

11. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the feed-in unit is provided for connection to a wind power installation to make an electric connection between the wind power installation and the dc voltage intermediate circuit.

12. A charging apparatus according to claim 1 comprising a switching means for selecting a mode of operation between the following:

with wind power installation and with electric storage charge circuit,

without wind power installation and with electric storage charge circuit,

with wind power installation and without electric storage charge circuit, and/or

without wind power installation and without electric storage charge circuit.

13. A wind power installation for converting wind power into electric energy including a charging apparatus according to claim 1.

14. An electric filling station including

a wind power installation according to claim 13 and

at least one electric storage device connected to the charging apparatus, wherein an electric storage device is provided to be exchanged in the charged condition for an entirely or partially discharged electric storage device of an electric vehicle.

15. Use of a feed-in unit of a wind power installation as a feed-in unit of a charging apparatus for charging electric storage devices of electric vehicles,

wherein the feed-in unit includes

an electric dc voltage intermediate circuit for the intermediate storage of electric energy with an intermediate circuit voltage, and

an inverter circuit for converting a direct current of the dc voltage intermediate circuit into an alternating current, for feeding it into an electric ac voltage network and for converting an alternating current from the ac voltage network into a direct current for feeding it into the dc voltage intermediate circuit, and

a respective electric storage charge circuit coupled to the dc voltage intermediate circuit is used for at least partial charging of one of the electric storage devices from the dc voltage intermediate circuit and for at least partial discharging of one of the electric storage devices into the dc voltage intermediate circuit.

16. A method of controlling a charging apparatus connected to an ac voltage network for at least one of charging and discharging electric storage devices of electric vehicles including the steps:

receiving an item of presetting information for predetermining feeding active power into the ac voltage network or taking active power from the ac voltage network and feeding reactive power into the ac voltage network or taking reactive power from the ac voltage network, and

controlling the charging apparatus in dependence on the presetting information to feed active power into the ac voltage network or take active power from the ac voltage network and/or to feed reactive power into the ac voltage network or take reactive power from the ac voltage network, and/or

controlling the charging apparatus in such a way that in dependence on the presetting information at least one of the electric storage devices is at least partially charged or discharged.

17. A method according to claim 16 wherein a plurality of the electric storage devices are connected to the charging apparatus and in particular a respective electric storage device is connected to an electric storage charge circuit, wherein each of the electric storage devices is individually charged or discharged.

18. A method according to claim 16 wherein a charging apparatus is controlled that is coupled to a wind power installation for producing electric energy from wind energy and in dependence on the available wind energy and/or in dependence on the presetting information at least one of the electric storage devices is charged with electric energy produced from wind energy.