Enhanced sensing by an implantable medical device in the presence of an interfering signal from an external source

• US 8,983,606 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2010
• Issued: 03/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Ellingson, Michael L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Heller, Tammie K
• Application Number:
  US12/915,233
• Publication Number:
  US 20120108908A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,600 Days
• Field of Search: 607/30, 607/31, 607/59, 128/901
• US Class Current: 607/31
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3704 Circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. for sensitivity control
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3718 Monitoring of or protection against external electromagnetic fields or currents

Abstract

An implantable medical device (IMD) adjusts a sensing configuration of a sensing module prior to or immediately subsequent to entering an environment having an external source that generates the interfering signal. The IMD may, for example, adjust a sampling frequency, resolution, input range, gain, bandwidth, filtering parameters, or a combination of these or other sensing parameters of the sensing module. These adjustments enable the sensing module to obtain a more detailed representation of the sensed signals, including the noise components of the sensed signals caused by the interfering signal. Without having an adequate representation of the noise components of the sensed signal, it is difficult to separate the noise components of the sensed signal from the cardiac electrical signal.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving an input associated with a presence of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device that generates an interfering signal;

adjusting, in response to receiving the input, a sensing configuration of a sensing module of an implantable medical device to reduce a likelihood of clipping of sensed signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal, wherein adjusting the sensing configuration comprises at least one of increasing an amplitude input range of the sensing module and decreasing an amplitude gain of the sensing module; and

sensing signals using the adjusted sensing configuration while in the presence of the MRI device.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein increasing the input range of the sensing module comprises increasing a reference voltage supplied to an analog to digital converter (ADC).

3. The method of claim 1, wherein increasing the input range of the sensing module comprises one of increasing the input range by a certain factor or dynamically adjusting the input range.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein decreasing the gain of the sensing module comprises decreasing the gain of an amplifier of the sensing module by one of changing a resistance of one or more components of the amplifier or programming the gain via software.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein decreasing the gain comprises one of decreasing the gain by a certain factor or dynamically adjusting the gain.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

adjusting at least one of a sampling frequency, a resolution, a bandwidth and a filtering parameter of the sensing module.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

increasing a sampling frequency of the sensing module of the implantable medical device in response to receiving the input associated with the presence of the MRI device; and

wherein adjusting the sensing configuration comprises at least one of decreasing the gain of the sensing module or increasing the input range of the sensing module based on analysis of signals sensed using the increased sampling frequency.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

processing the sensed signal to identify a noise characteristic of MRI interference; and

removing the noise from the sensed signal.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the input associated with the presence of the MRI device comprises one of:

detecting one or more conditions indicative of the presence of the MRI device; and

receiving a telemetry communication configuring the implantable medical device into an MRI-compatible mode.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

determining that the implantable medical device is no longer in the presence of the MRI device; and

reconfiguring, in response to the determination, the sensing configuration of the sensing module to sensing parameters used prior to receiving the input associated with the presence of the MRI device.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein sensing signals using the adjusted sensing configuration while in the presence of the MRI device comprises sensing signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal of the MRI device without clipping an amplitude of the sensed signals.

12. An implantable medical device comprising:

a sensing module to sense electrical signals and having an amplitude input range; and

a processor configured to receive an input associated with a presence of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device that generates an interfering signal and adjust, in response to receiving the input, a sensing configuration of the sensing module by increasing the amplitude input range to reduce a likelihood of clipping of sensed signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal,

wherein the sensing module senses signals using the adjusted sensing configuration while in the presence of the MRI device.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the sensing module includes an analog to digital converter (ADC) and the processor increases a reference voltage supplied to the ADC to increase the input range of the sensing module.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor increases the input range of the sensing module by a certain factor or dynamically adjusts the input range.

15. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor decreases a gain of the sensing module to reduce the likelihood of clipping of sensed signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the sensing module includes an amplifier and the processor decreases the gain of the amplifier by one of changing a resistance of one or more components of the amplifier or programming the gain of the amplifier via software.

17. The device of claim 15, wherein the processor decreases the gain by a certain factor or dynamically adjusts the gain.

18. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to

adjust at least one of a sampling frequency, a resolution, a bandwidth and a filtering parameter of the sensing module.

19. The device of claim 12, wherein

the processor increases a sampling frequency of the sensing module in response to receiving the input associated with the presence of the MRI device;

and

increases the input range of the sensing module to reduce the likelihood of clipping based on analysis of signals sensed using the increased sampling frequency.

20. The device of claim 12, further comprising a digital signal processor to process the sensed signal to identify a noise characteristic of MRI interference and remove the noise from the sensed signal.

21. The device of claim 12, further comprising at least one sensor configured to detect one or more conditions indicative of the presence of the MRI device, wherein the detection of the one or more conditions indicative of the presence of MRI device is the input associated with the presence of the MRI device.

22. The device of claim 12, further comprising a telemetry module configured to receive a command from an external device to enter an MRI-compatible mode, wherein the command to enter the MRI-compatible mode is the input associated with the presence of the MRI device.

23. The device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to determine that the implantable medical device is no longer in the presence of the MRI device and reconfigure, in response to the determination, the sensing configuration of the sensing module to sensing parameters used prior to receiving the input associated with the presence of the MRI device.

24. The device of claim 12, wherein the sensing module, using the adjusted sensing configuration, senses signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal of the MRI device without clipping an amplitude of the sensed signals.

25. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to:

receive an input associated with a presence of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device that generates an interfering signal;

adjust, in response to receiving the input, a sensing configuration of a sensing module of an implantable medical device by decreasing a gain of the sensing module to reduce a likelihood of clipping of sensed signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal; and

sense signals using the adjusted sensing configuration while in the presence of the MRI device.

26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the instructions cause the processor to increase an input range of the sensing module to reduce the likelihood of clipping of sensed signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the instructions cause the processor to sense, using the adjusted sensing configuration, signals that include noise caused by the interfering signal of the MRI device without clipping an amplitude of the sensed signals.