Load control device for high-efficiency loads

• US 8,988,058 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2013
• Issued: 03/24/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/25/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Lutron Technology Company LLC
• Original Assignee: Lutron Electronics Company Incorporated (Lutron Electronics)
• Inventors: Newman, Robert C. Jr., Salvestrini, Chris J., Harte, Matthew V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Laxton, Gary L
• Application Number:
  US14/109,107
• Publication Number:
  US 20140103827A1
• Time in Patent Office: 462 Days
• Field of Search: 323/217, 323/235, 323/237, 323/241, 323/300, 323/319, 323/320, 323/322, 323/324, 323/325, 323/905, 315/194, 315/199, 315/209.R, 315/209.SC, 315/224, 315/226, 315/291, 315/307, 315/308, 315/318
• US Class Current: 323/300
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/06 using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/155 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/217 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/04 Controlling
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/044 continuously H05B39/042 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 39/048 with reverse phase control
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/3924 by phase control, e.g. using a triac H05B41/3922 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/10 Controlling the intensity of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/14 using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/315 Reverse phase-control circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/37 Converter circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 47/10 Controlling the light source
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 47/19 via wireless transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 20/00 Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 20/30 Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 323/905 Lamp dimmer structure

Abstract

A two-wire load control device (such as, a dimmer switch) for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load (such as, a high-efficiency lighting load) includes a thyristor coupled between the source and the load, a gate coupling circuit coupled between a first main load terminal and the gate of the thyristor, and a control circuit coupled to a control input of the gate coupling circuit. The control circuit generates a drive voltage for causing the gate coupling circuit to conduct a gate current to thus render the thyristor conductive at a firing time during a half cycle of the AC power source, and to allow the gate coupling circuit to conduct the gate current at any time from the firing time through approximately the remainder of the half cycle, where the gate coupling circuit conducts approximately no net average current to render and maintain the thyristor conductive.

Claims

1. A load control device for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load, the load control device comprising:

a thyristor adapted to be coupled in series electrical connection between the AC power source and the electrical load for conducting a load current from the AC power source to the electrical load, the thyristor having a gate for conducting a gate current to render the thyristor conductive;

a first circuit coupled to the gate of the thyristor for conducting the gate current when the first circuit is conductive;

a second circuit coupled to conduct the load current when the thyristor is non-conductive; and

a control circuit operatively coupled to the first and second circuits for individually rendering the first and second circuits conductive and non-conductive, the control circuit configured to render the first circuit conductive to conduct the gate current to render the thyristor conductive at a firing time during a half cycle of the AC power source, the control circuit continuing to control the first circuit to be able to conduct the gate current again after the firing time;

wherein the control circuit is configured to render the first circuit non-conductive before the end of the half-cycle, such that the first circuit is not able to conduct the gate current through the gate of the thyristor and thereby allowing the thyristor to become non-conductive before the end of the half-cycle, the control circuit configured to control the second circuit to be conductive to conduct the load current after the thyristor becomes non-conductive.

2. The load control device of claim 1, wherein the second circuit comprises a gate coupling circuit coupled to conduct the gate current through the gate of the thyristor and the first circuit comprises a controllable switching circuit coupled between the gate coupling circuit and the gate of the thyristor for conducting the gate current when the controllable switching circuit is conductive.

3. The load control device of claim 2, wherein the gate coupling circuit comprises two MOS-gated transistors coupled in anti-series connection between a first main terminal and the gate of thyristor.

4. The load control device of claim 3, wherein the MOS-gated transistors comprise MOSFETs, the gate coupling circuit comprising a control input for receiving a drive signal from the control circuit, the control input conducting an amount of current appropriate to charge input capacitances of the gates of the MOSFETs when the MOSFETs are rendered conductive at the firing time, the amount of current having a small magnitude such that the gate coupling circuit conducts approximately no net average current through the control input.

5. The load control device of claim 3, wherein the control circuit is operable to generate a single drive voltage for controlling the gate coupling circuit, the gate coupling circuit comprising a control input for receiving the drive signal, the control input conducting an average current of less than one microamp in order to maintain the MOS-gated transistors conductive and to be able to conduct the gate current at any time from the firing time through the remainder of the half cycle.

6. The load control device of claim 3, wherein the control circuit generates two drive signals that are received by the gate coupling circuit for driving the MOS-gated transistors independently, the control circuit rendering both of the MOS-gate transistors conductive at the firing time, the control circuit rendering a first one of the MOS-gated transistors non-conductive prior to the end of the present half-cycle to block current at the beginning of the next half-cycle, and rendering a second one of the MOS-gated transistors non-conductive after the end of the present half-cycle to conduct current until the end of the half-cycle.

7. The load control device of claim 3, wherein the control circuit comprises a power supply for generating a DC supply voltage to power the control circuit and render the MOS-gated transistors conductive.

8. The load control device of claim 2, wherein the control circuit is operable to render the controllable switching circuit non-conductive at a second time after the firing time and before the end of the half cycle in order to prevent the gate coupling circuit from conducting the gate current and allow the thyristor to become non-conductive, whereby the gate coupling circuit is able to conduct the gate current at any time between the firing time and the second time.

9. The load control device of claim 8, wherein the second time occurs near the end of the half cycle.

10. The load control device of claim 8, wherein the gate coupling circuit is operable to conduct the load current when the thyristor becomes non-conductive after the second time.

11. The load control device of claim 2, wherein the control circuit is operable to render the controllable switching circuit conductive and to control the gate coupling circuit to conduct the gate current to render the thyristor conductive at the firing time, the control circuit continuing to control the gate coupling circuit, such that the gate coupling circuit is able to conduct the gate current again after the firing time, the control circuit rendering the controllable switching circuit non-conductive before the end of the half-cycle, such that the gate coupling circuit is not able to conduct the gate current through the gate of the thyristor after the controllable switching circuit becomes non-conductive.

12. The load control device of claim 11, wherein the thyristor is operable to commutate off and remain non-conductive for the rest of the half-cycle after the control circuit causes the controllable switching circuit to become non-conductive, the gate coupling circuit operable to conduct the load current after the thyristor becomes non-conductive.

13. The load control device of claim 2, wherein the first circuit comprises a resistor coupled to the gate coupling circuit, the series combination of the gate coupling circuit and the resistor coupled in parallel with the thyristor and adapted to conduct the load current when the thyristor is non-conductive.

14. The load control device of claim 1, wherein the thyristor cannot be rendered conductive again after the first circuit is rendered non-conductive until the end of the present half-cycle.

15. The load control device of claim 14, wherein the thyristor remains non-conductive at the beginning of the next half-cycle.

16. A load control device for controlling the amount of power delivered from an AC power source to an electrical load, the load control device comprising:

a thyristor adapted to be coupled in series electrical connection between the AC power source and the electrical load for conducting a load current from the AC power source to the electrical load, the thyristor having a gate for conducting a gate current to render the thyristor conductive;

a semiconductor-switch circuit comprising a semiconductor switch coupled in parallel with the thyristor; and

a control circuit operatively coupled to the gate of the thyristor for rendering the thyristor conductive at a firing time during a half cycle of the AC power source, the control circuit configured to maintain the thyristor conductive after the firing time and to allow the thyristor to become non-conductive before the end of the half cycle;

wherein the control circuit is operatively coupled to the semiconductor switch of the semiconductor-switch circuit for rendering the semiconductor switch conductive and non-conductive, the control circuit configured to render the semiconductor switch conductive, such that the semiconductor switch is able to conduct the load current when the thyristor is non-conductive.

17. The load control device of claim 16, wherein the semiconductor-switch circuit comprises a gate coupling circuit coupled to conduct the gate current through the gate of the thyristor.

18. The load control device of claim 17, further comprising:

a controllable switching circuit coupled between the gate coupling circuit and the gate of the thyristor for conducting the gate current when the controllable switching circuit is conductive;

wherein the control circuit is operable to render the controllable switching circuit conductive and to control the gate coupling circuit to conduct the gate current to thus render the thyristor conductive at the firing time, the control circuit continuing to control the gate coupling circuit, such that the gate coupling circuit is able to conduct the gate current again after the firing time, the control circuit rendering the controllable switching circuit non-conductive before the end of the half-cycle, such that the gate coupling circuit is not able to conduct the gate current through the gate of the thyristor after the controllable switching circuit becomes non-conductive.

19. The load control device of claim 17, wherein the gate coupling circuit comprises two MOS-gated transistors coupled in anti-series connection between a first main terminal and the gate of thyristor.

20. The load control device of claim 17, wherein the semiconductor-switch circuit comprises a resistor coupled to the gate coupling circuit, the series combination of the gate coupling circuit and the resistor coupled in parallel with the thyristor and adapted to conduct the load current when the thyristor is non-conductive.