Adaptive multi-service data framing

• US 8,989,217 B2
• Filed: 10/22/2012
• Issued: 03/24/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/27/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Exalt Wireless Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Exalt Wireless Incorporated
• Inventors: Smidth, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Kao, Jutai
• Application Number:
  US13/657,759
• Publication Number:
  US 20130044626A1
• Time in Patent Office: 883 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 370/468
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0003 by switching between different modulation schemes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0017 where the mode-switching is based on Quality of Service requirement
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/54 Store-and-forward switching systems packet switching systems H04L45/00, H04L47/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/24 Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/50 Queue scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/6225 Fixed service order, e.g. Round Robin
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/04 Error control
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/22 Negotiating communication rate
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/0446 Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames

Abstract

When a signal-to-noise ratio affecting radio communication becomes sufficiently low, the data transmission rate is responsively decreased in compensation. The signal-to-noise ratio of the communication link is thereby increased. Data for multiple different services is transmitted in data packets between two radios. By allocating one part, or time slot, of the data packet'"'"'s payload to one service, and allocating another part, or time slot, of the data packet'"'"'s payload to another service, communications sessions for multiple services can be maintained concurrently. Services are prioritized relative to each other. In case the signal-to-noise ratio becomes too low, data packet portions that are related to lower-priority services can be omitted from some data packets before those data packets are transmitted. Data remaining in the packet can be sent at a reduced data transmission rate without causing the quality of service for the remaining packets to fall below the minimum required level.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

transmitting, on a carrier at a first data transmission rate using a first modulation scheme, first data packets that contain data for a plurality of communication services that includes one or more first communication services and one or more second communication services;

wherein the step of transmitting the first data packets at the first transmission rate comprises inserting, into a subframe of at least one data packet that is to be transmitted, one or more copies of metadata that indicates a variance from a standard size of a communication service'"'"'s data within the subframe;

detecting that a signal-to-noise ratio on the carrier is less than a specified threshold;

in response to detecting that the signal-to-noise ratio is less than the specified threshold, transmitting, on the carrier at a second data transmission rate using a second modulation scheme, second data packets that contain data for fewer communication services than are in the plurality of communication services, wherein the second data packets contain data for the one or more first communication services but not for the one or more second communication services;

wherein the second data transmission rate is lower than the first data transmission rate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the first data packets at the first data transmission rate comprises:

transmitting at least a first data packet that is divided into a plurality of slots;

wherein each slot of the plurality of slots is further divided into a plurality of subframes;

wherein a first slot of the plurality of slots is divided into subframes that carry first words of data of each service in the plurality of services; and

wherein a second slot of the plurality of slots is divided into subframes that carry second words of data of each service in the plurality of services.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the second data packets at the second data transmission rate comprises:

determining a number of subframes by (a) multiplying a superframe frequency by a specified number of slots in the superframe to produce a first value, (b) dividing the second data transmission rate by the first value to produce a second value, and (c) setting the number of subframes equal to an integer portion of the second value;

selecting, from the plurality of services, one or more services in number equal to (a) the number of services in the plurality of services minus (b) the number of subframes; and

excluding, from at least one data packet that is to be sent at the second data transmission rate, subframes that would contain data for any of the one or more services.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of selecting the one or more services comprises selecting, from the plurality of services, one or more services that are associated with priorities that are lower than priorities that are associated with any other services in the plurality of services.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the first data packets that are transmitted at the first data transmission rate have the specified number of slots, wherein the second data packets that are transmitted at the second data transmission rate also have the specified number of slots, but wherein a number of subframes per slot in the first data packets that are transmitted at the first data transmission rate is greater than a number of subframes per slot in the second data packets that are transmitted at the second data transmission rate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more copies of the metadata include multiple copies of the metadata, wherein each copy of the multiple copies of the metadata is spaced as far apart as possible from other copies of the metadata within the subframe.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

sampling contents of a FIFO mechanism at a superframe boundary;

determining, based on contents sampled at the superframe boundary, whether data needs to be read from the FIFO mechanism at an increased rate; and

in response to determining that data needs to be read from the FIFO mechanism at an increased rate, increasing a rate at which data is read from the FIFO mechanism;

wherein the superframe boundary occurs at an end of a superframe; and

wherein the superframe comprises multiple subframes, each containing data from a separate service of the plurality of services.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the first data packets at the first data transmission rate comprises:

transmitting at least a first data packet that is divided into a plurality of subframes;

wherein each subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a different service of the plurality of services; and

wherein a first subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a first service of the plurality of services and contains all of the first data packet'"'"'s data for the first service;

wherein a second subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a second service of the plurality of services and contains all of the first data packet'"'"'s data for the second service;

wherein the second subframe is different than the first subframe and the second service is different than the first service.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more copies of the metadata includes multiple copies of the metadata, the method further comprising:

receiving, by a receiver, the at least one data packet;

determining, by the receiver, that a particular copy of the multiple copies of the metadata is different than one or more other copies of the multiple copies of the metadata;

determining, by the receiver, based on a number of the one or more other copies, to ignore the particular copy.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating a first data packet of the first data packets, wherein generating the first data packet comprises:

inserting, by a first framer that corresponds to a first service of the plurality of services, first data for the first service into the first data packet;

inserting, by a second framer that corresponds to a second service of the plurality of services, second data for the second service into the first data packet;

wherein the second framer is different than the first framer;

wherein the second service is different than the first service.

11. A radio system comprising:

a radio that includes a transmitter that is configured to transmit, on a carrier at a first data transmission rate using a first modulation scheme, first data packets that contain data for a plurality of communication services that includes one or more first communication services and one or more second communication services;

wherein the radio also includes a detector that is configured to detect that a signal-to-noise ratio on the carrier is less than a specified threshold;

wherein the radio is further configured to insert, into a subframe of at least one data packet that is to be transmitted, one or more copies of metadata that indicates a variance from a standard size of a communication service'"'"'s data within the subframe;

wherein, in response to the detector detecting that the signal-to-noise ratio is less than the specified threshold, the transmitter is configured to transmit, on the carrier at a second data transmission rate using a second modulation scheme, second data packets that contain data for fewer communication services than are in the plurality of communication services;

wherein the second data packets contain data for the one or more first communication services but not for the one or more second communication services;

wherein the second data transmission rate is lower than the first data transmission rate.

12. The radio system of claim 11, wherein:

the transmitter is configured to transmit at least a first data packet that is divided into a plurality of slots;

each slot of the plurality of slots is further divided into a plurality of subframes;

a first slot of the plurality of slots is divided into subframes that carry first words of data of each service in the plurality of services;

a second slot of the plurality of slots is divided into subframes that carry second words of data of each service in the plurality of services.

13. The radio system of claim 11, wherein the radio is configured to:

determine a number of subframes by (a) multiplying a superframe frequency by a specified number of slots in the superframe to produce a first value, (b) dividing the second data transmission rate by the first value to produce a second value, and (c) setting the number of subframes equal to an integer portion of the second value;

select, from the plurality of services, one or more services in number equal to (a) the number of services in the plurality of services minus (b) the number of subframes; and

exclude, from at least one data packet that is to be sent at the second data transmission rate, subframes that would contain data for any of the one or more services.

14. The radio system of claim 13, wherein the radio is configured to select, from the plurality of services, one or more services that are associated with priorities that are lower than priorities that are associated with any other services in the plurality of services.

15. The radio system of claim 13, wherein:

the first data packets that are transmitted at the first data transmission rate have the specified number of slots;

the second data packets that are transmitted at the second data transmission rate also have the specified number of slots;

a number of subframes per slot in the first data packets that are transmitted at the first data transmission rate is greater than a number of subframes per slot in the second data packets that are transmitted at the second data transmission rate.

16. The radio system of claim 11, wherein:

the one or more copies of the metadata include multiple copies of the metadata;

each copy of the multiple copies of the metadata is spaced as far apart as possible from other copies of the metadata within the subframe.

17. The radio system of claim 11, wherein the radio is further configured to:

sample contents of a FIFO mechanism at a superframe boundary;

determine, based on contents sampled at the superframe boundary, whether data needs to be read from the FIFO mechanism at an increased rate; and

increase a rate at which data is read from the FIFO mechanism in response to determining that data needs to be read from the FIFO mechanism at an increased rate;

wherein the superframe boundary occurs at an end of a superframe;

wherein the superframe comprises multiple subframes, each containing data from a separate service of the plurality of services.

18. The radio system of claim 11, wherein:

the transmitter is configured to transmit a first data packet that is divided into a plurality of subframes;

each subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a different service of the plurality of services; and

a first subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a first service of the plurality of services and contains all of the first data packet'"'"'s data for the first service;

a second subframe of the plurality of subframes corresponds to a second service of the plurality of services and contains all of the first data packet'"'"'s data for the second service;

the second subframe is different than the first subframe and the second service is different than the first service.

19. The radio system of claim 11, wherein the one or more copies of the metadata includes multiple copies of the metadata, wherein the radio system further comprises a second radio that is configured to:

receive the at least one data packet;

determine that a particular copy of the multiple copies of the metadata is different than one or more other copies of the multiple copies of the metadata;

determine, based on a number of the one or more other copies, to ignore the particular copy.

20. The radio system of claim 11, wherein the radio comprises:

a first framer that is configured to insert, into a first data packet, first data for a first service of the plurality of services;

a second framer that is configured to insert, into the first data packet, second data for a second service of the plurality of services;

wherein the second framer is different than the first framer;

wherein the second service is different than the first service.